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CN-122026744-A - Closed water evaporation power generation device and preparation method thereof

CN122026744ACN 122026744 ACN122026744 ACN 122026744ACN-122026744-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of new energy power generation, and discloses a closed water evaporation power generation device and a preparation method thereof. The open design of the existing water evaporation power generation device has the defect of being easy to be interfered by external environment and consuming water continuously, and the invention adopts a closed container and a heterogeneous infiltration composite structure composed of water evaporation power generation materials and lamellar materials, so that the problems are avoided. The preparation method comprises assembling the surface modified evaporation power generation material and lamellar material on the hydrophilically treated substrate, and packaging in a sealed container. The closed water evaporation power generation device has the remarkable advantages of strong electrical property, no interference by weather conditions and environmental humidity factors, no additional consumption of water resources and the like, and has wide application prospects in the fields of extreme environmental power supply and the like.

Inventors

  • Yuan Renxuan
  • LI HUIZENG
  • ZHOU HAIHUA
  • SONG YANLIN

Assignees

  • 中国科学院化学研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20241111

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A power generation device with closed water evaporation and a preparation method thereof are provided, wherein the power generation device comprises a substrate, a water evaporation power generation material, a conductive solution and an electrode, and is characterized in that the surface of the power generation material is provided with a layered material with a heterogeneous wettability composite structure and the device is sealed by using a closed container.
  2. 2. The power generation device and the manufacturing method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the base material is one selected from quartz, glass, and oxide ceramics.
  3. 3. The power generation device and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the water evaporation power generation material is one of deposited carbon black particles, titanium dioxide nanowire films, silicon oxide nanowire films and wood annealed carbon materials, the thickness of the material ranges from 100 um to 500um, and the material has capillary pore diameters, and the pore diameters range from 10 nm to 300nm.
  4. 4. The power generation device and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the conductive solution in the power generation device is a built-in circulating solution, and the composition is one or more of water, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate solutions with the conductivity range of 0-10 -5 S/cm.
  5. 5. The power generation device and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the electrode material is one selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, titanium, conductive carbon paste, conductive carbon black paste, indium tin oxide coating and tin oxide coating.
  6. 6. The power generation device and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the layered material is one or more selected from the group consisting of cellulose film, paper and thin fibril textile, and has a wicking height of more than 100mm and a thickness in the range of 150-1000um.
  7. 7. The power generation device and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the heterogeneous wettability structure is prepared by assembling a water evaporation power generation material and a layered material, the assembling method is that the material is assembled under the capillary force of water after being soaked in water, and the layered material covers at least 50% of the surface of the water evaporation power generation material.
  8. 8. The power generation device and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the material of the closed container is one or more selected from glass, quartz, plexiglass, polyethylene and polypropylene.
  9. 9. The power generation device and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1 are characterized in that the modification of the water evaporation power generation material comprises hydrophilic treatment and polymer modification, wherein the hydrophilic treatment method is one or more selected from an ultraviolet light exposure method, a plasma treatment method, a high Wen Tui fire method and a hydrogen peroxide treatment method, the treatment conditions are that the power used for treatment in the ultraviolet light exposure method is 5-20mW/cm 2 , the treatment time is 1-4 hours, the power used for treatment in the plasma treatment method is 30-300W, the atmosphere is air, the treatment time is 30-300 seconds, the treatment temperature of the high-temperature annealing method is 400-700K, the atmosphere is air, and the time is 3-10 hours.
  10. 10. The power generation device and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1 or 9 are characterized in that the modified polymer is prepared by grafting positively charged polymer on the surface of a water evaporation power generation material, the polymer is one or more selected from the group consisting of polyamide, polyacrylamide, polypyrrole and polyvinylpyridine, the modification process is that a substrate carrying the water evaporation power generation material is firstly subjected to water bath treatment in an aqueous solution of the polymer with the mass concentration of 0.02-0.5%, the reaction temperature is 50-90 ℃, the reaction time is 30-90 minutes, the polymer is taken out, and then is subjected to water bath treatment in an aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde with the mass concentration of 0.01-0.5%, the reaction temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 10-60 minutes.

Description

Closed water evaporation power generation device and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of new energy power generation, and particularly relates to a closed water evaporation power generation device and a preparation method thereof. Background In the field of renewable clean energy sources, a power generation mode based on evaporation induction, utilizing solution evaporation and capillary action is attracting attention, and the principle of this mode of power generation is that charged solution is not judged to be converted into electric energy by flowing in a capillary channel under the electrostatic action between fluid and capillary wall (reference: g. Xue, et. al, nat. Nanotechnol. 2017 12, 317-321; z. Sun, et. al, nat. Commun. 2022 13, 5077). The evaporation power generation mode can be spontaneous and continuous, and has wide development prospect. The existing evaporation induction power generation devices are all of an open design, and the devices are directly placed in an environmental water source to work and are easy to interfere with weather changes such as wind, rain, snow and the like (related patent numbers: CN106784289A and CN 106208810A). And the open design makes the external water supply continuously needed in the operation process of the existing power generation device, and the sustainability of the operation is limited (reference ：T. G. Yun, et. al. ACS Nano 2019 13, 12703-12709; J. S. Jiang, et. al. Adv. Mater. 2023 35, e2209076）, needs to perform packaging design on the power generation device in order to keep the evaporation rate and the electric energy output). In order to optimize the defects existing in the open design, the invention is provided with the closed structure, and the heterogeneous infiltration composite structure formed by the water evaporation power generation material and the lamellar material is introduced to enable evaporation induction power generation to be carried out in the closed container, so that the problems of limitation to weather conditions, lower working environment humidity and continuous water supply existing in the existing open evaporation induction power generation device are solved, and the application range of the evaporation induction power generation device is expanded. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a closed water evaporation power generation device and a preparation method thereof, wherein the power generation device comprises a substrate, a water evaporation power generation material, a conductive solution and an electrode, and is characterized in that the surface of the power generation material is provided with a laminar material with a heterogeneous wettability composite structure and a closed container; the preparation method of the power generation device comprises the steps of preparing a modified evaporation power generation material film layer on the surface of a substrate, assembling a layered material on the surface of the substrate, and packaging the substrate in a closed container. The base material of the closed water evaporation power generation device is selected from one of quartz, glass and oxide ceramic, and one or more of water, ethanol, acetone and isopropanol are used for immersing ultrasonic treatment before use, wherein the single treatment time is 2-10min. The water evaporation power generation material of the closed water evaporation power generation device is one of deposited carbon black particles, a titanium dioxide nanowire film, a silicon oxide nanowire film and a wood annealed carbon material, the thickness range of the material is 100-500 mu m, the material has capillary pore diameter and pore diameter range of 10-300nm, wherein when the deposited carbon black particles are selected, a flame deposition method is used, the solution can be one or a mixture of ethanol, toluene and isopropanol, the single deposition time is 30-300 seconds, the average particle size of the obtained carbon black particles is 10-40 mu m, when the nanowire film is selected, a coating sintering method is used, the diameter of the nanowire is 20-100nm, the length of the nanowire is 2-20 mu m, the sintering temperature is 100-400 ℃ and the time is 30-90min. The conductive solution in the power generation device is a built-in circulating solution, and the composition of the conductive solution is one or more of water, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate solutions with the conductivity range of 0-10 -5 S/cm. The electrode material of the closed water evaporation power generation device is selected from one of gold, platinum, titanium, conductive carbon glue, conductive carbon black slurry, indium tin oxide coating film and tin oxide coating film, when the metal gold, platinum and titanium are used as the electrode material, a mask evaporation method is adopted, the thickness range of the electrode is 100-400nm, when the conductive carbon black is used as the