CN-122026753-A - Power control device of unmanned system

CN122026753ACN 122026753 ACN122026753 ACN 122026753ACN-122026753-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a power control device of an unmanned system, which relates to the technical field of unmanned control and comprises a wide-input multi-path voltage conversion module, a PWM control switch module, a soft start control module and a screw speed regulation circuit module, wherein the wide-input multi-path voltage conversion module is used for converting wide-range direct current input voltage into multiple stable direct voltage and outputting multi-gear current, the PWM control switch module is electrically connected with the wide-input multi-path voltage conversion module and is used for receiving and analyzing external PWM signals, outputting digital control signals after logic judgment of analysis results and driving a relay, the soft start control module is used for inhibiting surge current when the system is electrified through the driving results of the relay and carrying out gentle opening of a power loop, and the screw speed regulation circuit module is used for generating PWM signals with mechanically adjustable duty ratio through the driving results of the relay so as to drive and control the rotating speed and the positive and negative rotation of a motor.

Inventors

SUN YAN
LIU XIAOYANG
GU XINXU
ZHOU ZHEN

Assignees

河北大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260212

Claims (9)

1. A power control device for an unmanned system, configured as a unified control device by integrating a plurality of modules, comprising: The wide-input multi-path voltage conversion module is used for converting a wide-range direct-current input voltage into various direct-current voltages and outputting multi-gear current; the PWM control switch module is electrically connected with the wide-input multi-path voltage conversion module and is used for receiving and analyzing external PWM signals, outputting digital control signals after logic judgment of analysis results, and driving the relay; The screw speed regulating circuit module is used for driving the external MOSFET to be turned on or turned off according to the driving result of the relay, changing the resistance value of the potentiometer by using a mechanical regulating screw, stepless regulating the duty ratio of the generated power PWM signal, and carrying out linear control and forward and reverse rotation on the rotating speed of the motor.
2. The power control device of an unmanned system according to claim 1, wherein the wide-input multi-path voltage conversion module comprises: 12V step-down voltage stabilizing circuit based on XL7005A chip; The input end of the SE8650K2-HF linear voltage stabilizer in the two-stage LDO is connected with 12V voltage, the output end of the SE8650K2-HF linear voltage stabilizer outputs 5V voltage, the input end of the HE9073A33M5R linear voltage stabilizer in the two-stage LDO is connected with 5V voltage, and the output end of the HE9073A33M5R linear voltage stabilizer outputs 3.3V voltage; EG1151 chip-based four-switch synchronous Buck-Boost voltage-boosting circuit with reverse current blocking function.
3. The power control device of an unmanned system according to claim 2, wherein the four-switch synchronous Buck-Boost circuit with reverse current blocking function based on the EG1151 chip comprises: the filter network comprises a plurality of capacitors with different capacitance values which are connected in parallel; the H-bridge power driving circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the filter network and is used for controlling the on-off state switching of the power MOSFETs of the left bridge arm and the right bridge arm to perform voltage-increasing and voltage-decreasing conversion to obtain corresponding voltage and current; the current sampling loop is a differential amplifying circuit formed by an operational amplifier, a current sampling resistor and a feedback resistor, is electrically connected with the output end of the H-bridge power driving circuit and is used for carrying out differential amplification on the voltage difference generated by the current flowing through the sampling resistor, feeding back an amplified voltage signal to the current detection end of the EG1151 chip, outputting a current deviation signal and forming a basis for current closed-loop regulation; The internal PWM module is used for generating different duty ratios of PWM driving signals through processing the current deviation signals and carrying out voltage boosting and boosting of output voltage through the duty ratios; And the internal logic control unit is used for controlling the driving of the left and right bridge arm power MOSFETs in the H-bridge power driving circuit.
4. The unmanned system power control of claim 1, wherein the PWM control switch module comprises: The isolation DC-DC voltage unit is used for realizing the electrical isolation of the front-stage and back-stage circuits; An MCU unit powered by the isolated DC-DC voltage unit, the firmware of which is configured to capture and measure a pulse width of an input PWM signal using an external interrupt and a timer, compare the pulse width with a preset threshold, and control a level state of a GPIO pin thereof based on a comparison result; and the power relay is controlled by a GPIO pin of the MCU unit through a driving circuit and is used for switching on and off a heavy current load.
5. The power control device of an unmanned system according to claim 4, wherein the driving circuit comprises a MOSFET transistor, wherein when the GPIO pin is high, the gate of the MOSFET transistor is turned on by obtaining a driving voltage, a low-impedance conduction channel is formed between the drain and the source, the potential of the drain is adjusted to be near the ground, a +5v voltage difference is formed across the relay coil, the coil is energized, and the relay performs a pull-in operation.
6. The unmanned system of claim 4, wherein the isolated DC-DC voltage unit comprises a current limiting resistor connected to the wide input multi-path voltage conversion module for impedance matching of the input signal to the internal circuitry of the chip.
7. The power control device of the unmanned system according to claim 1, further comprising a soft start control module electrically connected to the power load for automatically performing a soft start process of surge current suppression and power ramp-up upon power-up of the system by a driving result of the relay.
8. The unmanned system power control of claim 7, wherein the soft start control module comprises: A precharge path formed by two paths of resistors connected in series is connected in parallel with a main power relay contact, wherein each path comprises a plurality of NTC thermistors connected in parallel; the RC delay circuit is formed by connecting a timing resistor and a timing capacitor in series; The base electrode of the switching transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the timing capacitor in the RC delay circuit through a voltage stabilizing diode, and the collector electrode of the switching transistor is connected to the driving loop of the main power relay coil; When the system is electrified, current flows through the pre-charging passage, and meanwhile, the RC delay circuit starts to charge until the switching transistor is conducted so as to drive the main power relay to be attracted, so that the pre-charging passage is short-circuited.
9. The unmanned system power control of claim 1, wherein the screw speed control circuit module comprises: the three-terminal linear voltage stabilizer is used for outputting 5V voltage; The multivibrator circuit comprises an NE555 timer and a charge-discharge loop, wherein the input end of the NE555 timer is electrically connected with the output end of the three-terminal linear voltage stabilizer, a pin 3 at the output end of the NE555 timer generates a continuously adjustable PWM signal for driving an external MOSFET to be turned on or off and controlling the working state of a load, and the charge-discharge loop is formed by a resistor and a switch diode and a potentiometer and is electrically connected with the NE555 timer and is used for continuously changing the resistance value of the potentiometer through linear displacement and linearly adjusting the duty ratio of the output signal of the PWM signal generator.

Description

Power control device of unmanned system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned control, in particular to a power control device of an unmanned system. Background With the wide application of unmanned systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned vehicles in consumer-grade and industrial-grade fields, the market scale is gradually enlarged year by year, but the internal electronic systems are also increasingly complex. The power system is usually powered by a lithium battery pack, and the voltage range is wide (for example, a 3S-6S battery corresponds to 12V-25.2V, and the voltage of the industrial unmanned aerial vehicle is higher). Different parts in the system, such as a flight control (MCU), a steering engine, a cradle head, a picture transmission module, a GPS module and the like, need stable voltages with different voltages of 3.3V, 5V, 12V, 24V and the like. Meanwhile, the popularization of high-power devices such as a large steering engine, an intelligent tripod head, a searchlight, a task pod and the like brings higher requirements to the output power, stability and intelligent management of a power supply system. And, the actuating mechanism such as driving motor, screw rod need to receive the PWM control signal that sends from remote control receiver or flight control and carry out signal conversion in order to carry out corresponding operation. The prior art adopts a discrete device combination of 1) an electric power controller (ESC), a driving motor and a 5V BEC output, wherein the output current is small (usually 1-3A) and other high-power equipment is difficult to drive, 2) a voltage distribution Plate (PDB), wherein the power is taken from a main battery, the voltage is reduced to generate 5V/12V to supply power for other equipment, and 3) an additional voltage conversion module is additionally arranged when the output power or the voltage of the PDB does not meet the requirement, so that the complexity of the system is further increased. The modules are connected through a large number of cables, a discrete architecture of electric regulation and PDB and multiple conversion modules is adopted, BEC output power of the traditional electric regulation is limited, PDB is only responsible for supplying power to part of peripheral equipment, high-power equipment needs additional modules, the power supply modes of the electric regulation and PDB are respectively administrative, so that power supply path planning is disordered, PWM control signals are generally interacted with an electric regulation or independent steering engine controller in the power supply modes, the PWM control signals are irrelevant with the whole power supply system, control and power disconnection are caused, fatal faults such as restarting of take-off control are easily caused, and stability is poor. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a power control device of an unmanned system, so as to solve the problems in the prior art. The invention specifically provides a power control device of an unmanned system, which is integrated and configured into a unified control device through a plurality of modules, and comprises: The wide-input multi-path voltage conversion module is used for converting a wide-range direct-current input voltage into various direct-current voltages and outputting multi-gear current; the PWM control switch module is electrically connected with the wide-input multi-path voltage conversion module and is used for receiving and analyzing external PWM signals, outputting digital control signals after logic judgment of analysis results, and driving the relay; The screw speed regulating circuit module is used for driving the external MOSFET to be turned on or turned off according to the driving result of the relay, changing the resistance value of the potentiometer by using a mechanical regulating screw, stepless regulating the duty ratio of the generated power PWM signal, and carrying out linear control and forward and reverse rotation on the rotating speed of the motor. Preferably, the wide input multi-path voltage conversion module includes: 12V step-down voltage stabilizing circuit based on XL7005A chip; The input end of the SE8650K2-HF linear voltage stabilizer in the two-stage LDO is connected with 12V voltage, the output end of the SE8650K2-HF linear voltage stabilizer outputs 5V voltage, the input end of the HE9073A33M5R linear voltage stabilizer in the two-stage LDO is connected with 5V voltage, and the output end of the HE9073A33M5R linear voltage stabilizer outputs 3.3V voltage; EG1151 chip-based four-switch synchronous Buck-Boost voltage-boosting circuit with reverse current blocking function. Preferably, the four-switch synchronous Buck-Boost circuit with reverse current blocking function based on EG1151 chip comprises: the filter network comprises a plurality of capacitors with different capacita