CN-122026789-A - Typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle self-adaptive adjusting device and angle self-adaptive adjusting method

CN122026789ACN 122026789 ACN122026789 ACN 122026789ACN-122026789-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel adjusting brackets, in particular to an angle self-adaptive adjusting device and an angle self-adaptive adjusting method for a typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket. The device comprises a controller, a connecting seat, an electric control turntable, a bearing plate, a screw rod assembly, a sliding seat, a mounting frame, a photovoltaic plate, a rotating seat and an L-shaped rod, wherein the electric control turntable drives the bearing plate to realize azimuth angle adjustment, a driving motor on the bearing plate drives two screw rods to synchronously rotate through belt transmission, so that the sliding seat moves along a sliding groove, the L-shaped rod is matched with the mounting frame and the photovoltaic plate to complete inclination angle adjustment, the adjustment method is used for collecting solar azimuth angle, altitude angle, illumination intensity and device state parameters through a sensor, comparing the solar azimuth angle, the altitude angle, the illumination intensity and the device state parameters with preset threshold values after data processing, and the controller sequentially adjusts the azimuth angle and the inclination angle and corrects deviation according to comparison results, device limit calculation target angles, and stores data after iterative optimization.

Inventors

ZHANG XIAODONG
SHI XIAOPENG
ZHAO XINRUI
JIA KUN
CHEN BINGJUN
CHEN YIHE
JIANG XIAOFEI
Shen zhongtian
GUAN HONGCHAO

Assignees

国网山东省电力公司胶州市供电公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260112

Claims (10)

1. The anti-typhoon distributed marine photovoltaic support angle self-adaptive adjusting device comprises a controller and connecting seats (1), wherein an electric control turntable (2) is fixedly arranged above each connecting seat, and the electric control turntable (2) is in signal connection with the controller, and is characterized in that a bearing plate (3) is fixedly arranged at the rotating end of each electric control turntable (2), two screw rod seats (4) are fixedly connected to the left and right rear sides of the upper end of each bearing plate (3), one screw rod (5) is rotatably connected to each screw rod seat (4), and driving parts of the two screw rods (5) are further arranged at the rear sides of the bearing plates (3) and can enable the two screw rods (5) to synchronously rotate; the left side and the right side of the upper end of the bearing plate (3) are respectively provided with a sliding groove (6) extending forwards and backwards, each sliding groove (6) is correspondingly connected with a sliding seat (7) in a sliding manner, and the sliding seats (7) are in threaded connection with corresponding lead screws (5); Two sliding seats (7) rotate with same mounting bracket (8) respectively and be connected, mounting bracket (8) on fixed mounting have photovoltaic board (9), loading board (3) upper end rear side fixed mounting have rotate seat (10), rotate seat (10) rotate and be connected with L shape pole (11), the one end that keeps away from of L shape pole (11) and rotate with mounting bracket (8) and be connected.
2. The typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic support angle self-adaptive adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein driving parts of the two lead screws (5) are driving motors (12), two belt pulleys are fixedly arranged at the output ends of the driving motors (12), one belt pulley is fixedly arranged at each end of the two lead screws (5), and the two belt pulleys at the output ends of the driving motors (12) are in one-to-one corresponding transmission connection with the belt pulleys at the end of the two lead screws (5) through transmission belts respectively to form two groups of independent belt transmission mechanisms, and the driving motors (12) are in signal connection with a controller.
3. The angle self-adaptive adjusting method of the typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle self-adaptive adjusting device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, installing solar azimuth angle, altitude angle and illumination intensity sensors at designated positions of a photovoltaic panel, wherein the sensors are connected with a device signal system; s2, collecting sun movement parameters, illumination intensity parameters and device state parameters according to set frequency, filtering abnormal values and normalizing, and outputting an illumination-device state data set; s3, presetting an illumination intensity threshold value, comparing illumination parameters in an illumination-device state data set with the threshold value, outputting a standby instruction when the illumination intensity threshold value is lower than the threshold value, and referring to solar parameters and device limit when the illumination intensity threshold value is up to or exceeds the threshold value, calculating a target azimuth angle and an inclination angle and outputting the target azimuth angle; S4, receiving an instruction, judging whether the instruction is a standby instruction, if so, sending a stop maintaining signal and outputting standby feedback, otherwise, adjusting an azimuth angle by the control device until the deviation reaches the standard, adjusting the inclination angle by the control device until the deviation reaches the standard, and outputting execution feedback after receiving the bit signal; s5, extracting an actual angle in the execution feedback, and comparing the actual angle with the target angle in the step three to calculate a deviation, wherein if the deviation exceeds the range, the device angle is adjusted in a complementary mode, the deviation is repeated until the deviation reaches the standard, and the corrected optimal angle and a finishing signal are output; and S6, receiving an optimal angle or standby instruction, storing the optimal angle or standby instruction in association with the illumination parameters to establish a database, recording the illumination and standby states, setting an iteration period according to the sun characteristics, sending an acquisition signal to a point, and outputting a trigger instruction to start a next flow.
4. The method for adaptively adjusting the angle of the typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle adaptive adjustment device according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of installing a wind detector at a designated position on the windward side of the photovoltaic panel, and collecting environmental wind parameters in real time by a sensor connecting device signal system Presetting the maximum threshold value of wind power , In standby state, the device continuously receives wind power parameters, if wind power is detected The control device adjusts the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel to a typhoon state which is determined to be a strong wind state 。
5. The method for the adaptive angle adjustment of typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein a wind minimum threshold is preset , Is a critical value without wind resistance adjustment; if it detects Judging the wind power to be in a medium wind power state, and calculating a target dip angle by adopting a wind resistance optimization model And a control device for adjusting the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel to The related expression is as follows: ; ; In the formula, The wind-resistant inclination angle base is taken as a base, the value range is 10-25 degrees, and the base is preset according to the strength of the photovoltaic panel structure; The hyperbolic secant function is used for representing the nonlinear attenuation relation between wind power and the dip angle; the value range of the wind response coefficient is 1.0-1.3, so that the adjustment sensitivity of a high wind power interval is improved; The structural safety coefficient is in a value range of 0.1-0.3, and is positively related to the bearing limit of the plate body; For real-time air density, the unit is kg/m 3 , the altitude of the installation point is that Calculating, namely ; The air density at standard atmospheric pressure is 1.225kg/m 3 ; the damping coefficient is 1.5-2.0, and the inclination angle convergence rate under high wind power is enhanced through an exponential term; is the upper limit of the safe dip angle under the medium wind power, and has the value of , Is the maximum allowable value of the inclination angle of the device; the final determined target inclination angle is considered after the device is limited.
6. The method for adaptively adjusting the angle of the typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle adaptive adjustment device is characterized in that in the step S2, when data are processed, filtering abnormal values is realized through a sliding window 3 sigma criterion, if the deviation between an acquisition value and a window mean exceeds 3 times of a window standard deviation, the acquisition value is replaced by an effective acquisition value at the previous moment, the standardized sub-parameter type is processed, the illumination intensity is standardized in a segmentation mode, the azimuth angle and the inclination angle of the device are standardized by a Z-score mode, and the related expression is as follows: ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula, Refers to the acquisition value at the kth moment; mean value of all data in the sliding window at the kth moment; refers to standard deviation of all data in the sliding window at the kth moment; Refers to the size of the sliding window; refers to the standardized illumination intensity; refers to the untreated raw illumination intensity; refers to the minimum value of illumination intensity in the history; refers to the maximum value of illumination intensity in the history; refers to the standardized azimuth angle; Refers to the raw azimuth that is not processed; refers to the statistical mean of azimuth angles; the statistical standard deviation of the azimuth angle; Refers to the inclination angle after normalization; Refers to the untreated raw dip; Mean value of the dip angle; refers to the statistical standard deviation of dip angle.
7. The method for adaptively adjusting the angle of the typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle adaptive adjustment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the step S2 adopts a solar altitude angle to adaptively adjust the acquisition frequency, wherein frequency dynamic matching is realized through a piecewise function by combining the correlation characteristic of the solar altitude angle and illumination intensity, a low solar altitude angle corresponds to a low frequency, a high solar altitude angle corresponds to a high frequency, and the correlation expression is as follows: ; In the formula, Refers to real-time acquisition frequency; Refers to a preset reference acquisition frequency; refers to a frequency adjustment coefficient; Refers to the solar altitude.
8. The method for adaptively adjusting the angle of the typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle adaptive adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein when the target angle is calculated in the step S3, the atmospheric refraction effect is firstly introduced to correct the solar altitude, then the target azimuth is calculated by a two-quadrant discriminant method of an arctangent function, finally the final target azimuth and the target inclination are determined by combining the limit constraint of the device, and the related expression is as follows: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula, Refers to the solar altitude calculated by astronomical; Refers to the latitude of the installation site of the device; Refers to the declination angle of the sun; Refers to the solar time angle; refers to the solar altitude after atmospheric refraction correction; the target azimuth angle obtained by initial calculation is referred to; refers to a target inclination angle obtained by initial calculation; the target azimuth angle is finally determined after the limit of the device is considered; refers to the minimum allowable value of the azimuth angle of the device; refers to the maximum allowable value of the azimuth angle of the device; the final determined target inclination angle after considering the limit of the device; refers to the minimum allowable value of the inclination angle of the device; refers to the maximum allowable value of the inclination angle of the device; Mean the date of year; Indicating solar energy, the unit is hours.
9. The method for adaptively adjusting the angle of the typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic support angle adaptive adjustment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that when the control device adjusts the angle, the step S4 is to adopt segmented PID control to realize accurate angle adjustment, namely, the PID control mode is switched according to the angle deviation, meanwhile, whether the angle is stable and reaches the standard is verified through continuous 3 times of sampling, and feedback is output after the angle reaches the standard, and the related expression is as follows: ; ; ; ; In the formula, Indicating the real-time deviation of azimuth angles; Refers to the final target azimuth; indicating the current actual azimuth angle of the device; the output quantity of the azimuth angle is regulated by the control device; PID proportionality coefficient of azimuth angle big deviation stage; PID differential coefficient of azimuth angle big deviation stage; refers to the rate of change of azimuth deviation; A determination threshold value indicating the azimuth angle "large deviation" and "small deviation"; PID proportionality coefficient of azimuth small deviation stage; PID integral coefficient of small deviation stage of azimuth angle; PID differential coefficient of small deviation stage of azimuth angle; refers to the integral of azimuth deviation with respect to time; Real-time deviation of the finger dip angle; refers to the final target tilt angle; refers to the current actual inclination angle of the device; The output quantity of the inclination angle is regulated by the control device; PID proportionality coefficient of large deviation stage of inclination angle; PID differential coefficient of large deviation stage of inclination angle; the rate of change of the tilt angle deviation; a judgment threshold value of large deviation and small deviation of the inclination angle; PID proportionality coefficient of the small deviation stage of the dip angle; PID integral coefficient of small deviation stage of inclination angle; PID differential coefficient of small deviation stage of inclination angle; refers to the integral value of tilt angle deviation with respect to time; Indicating the allowable deviation of azimuth angle adjustment; refers to the allowable deviation of inclination angle adjustment.
10. The method for adaptively adjusting the angle of the typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle adaptive adjustment device is characterized in that in the step S5, when the angle is adjusted, the angle is graded according to the magnitude of deviation, the adjustment quantity is determined according to the grade, the deviation meets the requirement through iterative adjustment, meanwhile, time weight is introduced, the magnitude of deviation and adjustment time are integrated, the optimal angle is estimated and output, and the related expression is as follows: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula, Actual deviation values of the azimuth angles; indicating the current actual azimuth angle of the device; Refers to the final target azimuth; Actual deviation value of the finger inclination angle; refers to the current actual inclination angle of the device; refers to the final target tilt angle; the deviation level of the azimuth angle; A step unit for dividing the deviation level is indicated; refers to the maximum upper limit of the deviation class; Deviation grade of the dip angle; The azimuth angle compensation amount is indicated; The compensation coefficient corresponding to the deviation grade is indicated; A sign function indicating azimuth complementary adjustment direction; The compensation amount of the dip angle; A sign function indicating the tilt angle complement direction; an optimal value of the azimuth angle; Refers to a time weight coefficient; refers to the time consumed in the make-up process; refers to the optimal value of the tilt angle.

Description

Typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket angle self-adaptive adjusting device and angle self-adaptive adjusting method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel adjusting brackets, in particular to an angle self-adaptive adjusting device and an angle self-adaptive adjusting method for a typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket. Background Under the wave tide of the global energy structure to clean and low-carbonization transformation, the distributed ocean photovoltaic has the unique advantages of no land occupation, stable illumination condition and high radiation intensity, and becomes an important direction for the photovoltaic industry to break through the development bottleneck. However, the specificity of the marine environment presents multiple challenges to the design and long-term stable operation of photovoltaic scaffolds. Extreme weather such as ocean regional typhoons frequently send out, and instantaneous strong wind load can lead to the fact huge impact to photovoltaic support, and traditional fixed angle photovoltaic support is fixed and unable dynamic adjustment because of the area of facing the wind, and the risk that support bending, connecting piece fracture even whole topples easily appears under the strong wind effect directly threatens photovoltaic system's safe operation. Meanwhile, the characteristics of high humidity and high salt fog in the marine environment can accelerate corrosion and aging of the metal parts of the bracket, and the existing bracket transmission structure is designed in an open mode, so that the corrosion resistance is insufficient, the service life of equipment is shortened, and the later maintenance cost and difficulty are greatly increased. Although the existing angle-adjustable photovoltaic bracket tries to solve the lighting efficiency problem, a plurality of technical defects still exist, and the existing angle-adjustable photovoltaic bracket is difficult to adapt to the ocean complex working condition. The data acquisition frequency of the bracket is fixed, the dynamic adjustment cannot be carried out according to the illumination intensity fluctuation caused by the change of the solar altitude, and the problems of insufficient data sampling in the high illumination period and redundant sampling in the low illumination period are easy to occur. In the data processing link, the lack of effective abnormal value filtering and standardized processing mechanisms can directly influence the calculation precision of the target angle due to data distortion, and environmental factors such as atmospheric refraction and the like are often ignored in angle calculation, so that a larger deviation exists between a theoretical calculation value and an actual optimal value. In the control strategy, single-parameter PID control is mostly adopted, so that the quick response requirement under large angle deviation and the steady-state precision requirement under small deviation are difficult to be considered, and the adjustment stability is poor. In addition, under a medium wind power scene, the existing scheme cannot realize the effective balance of wind resistance safety and lighting efficiency, either the wind resistance performance is excessively emphasized to sacrifice the generated energy, or the lighting efficiency is emphasized to reduce the structural safety redundancy, and the problems are mutually overlapped, so that the large-scale, low-cost and high-reliability development of the distributed ocean photovoltaic is seriously restricted. Disclosure of Invention In order to thoroughly solve the problems of high typhoon impact risk, insufficient corrosion resistance, poor light following precision, poor adjusting stability and the like, the invention provides an angle self-adaptive adjusting device and an angle self-adaptive adjusting method of a typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket, which are controlled by grading wind resistance, precise light following and optimization, and the specific technical scheme is as follows: The self-adaptive angle adjusting device for the typhoon-resistant distributed marine photovoltaic bracket comprises a controller and a connecting seat, wherein an electric control turntable is fixedly arranged above the connecting seat, the electric control turntable is in signal connection with the controller, and a bearing plate is fixedly arranged at the rotating end of the electric control turntable; The left side and the right side of the upper end of the bearing plate are respectively provided with a sliding groove extending forwards and backwards, each sliding groove is correspondingly connected with a sliding seat in a sliding way, and the sliding seats are in threaded connection with corresponding lead screws; The two sliding seats are respectively connected with the same installation frame in a rotating mode, the installation frame is fixedly pr