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CN-122026963-A - Evaluation method for high elevation tracking performance of two-axis antenna

CN122026963ACN 122026963 ACN122026963 ACN 122026963ACN-122026963-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high elevation tracking performance evaluation method of a two-axis antenna, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the steps of firstly determining the spatial position relation between the satellite and the antenna according to the satellite orbit height and the visible elevation angle of the antenna, then determining the position set of the antenna and the satellite without losing generality, determining the pointing angle, the spatial distance and the maximum angular velocity of the antenna tracking the satellite, then calculating the pitching pointing angle corresponding to the advanced tracking moment, formulating an advanced tracking strategy, and finally calculating the signal loss in the tracking process by combining the free space attenuation change of electromagnetic waves and the tracking angle error so as to evaluate the tracking performance.

Inventors

  • QIN CHAO
  • CUI YULONG
  • HUANG YUANQING
  • ZHANG SHUO
  • WANG YIHUAN
  • LIU NING

Assignees

  • 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260130

Claims (5)

  1. 1. The method for evaluating the high elevation tracking performance of the two-axis antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps of; Step 1, determining the positions of satellites and antennas; Step 2, calculating the pointing angle, the space distance and the maximum angular velocity of the antenna tracking satellite; step 3, determining the advanced tracking time and tracking strategy of the azimuth pointing angle; And 4, calculating signal loss in the tracking process by combining the electromagnetic wave free space attenuation change and the tracking angle error, and evaluating the tracking performance.
  2. 2. The method for evaluating high elevation tracking performance of a two-axis antenna according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 1 is as follows: Step 101, according to the orbit height of the satellite Maximum elevation angle of antenna pointing to satellite And minimum elevation angle Calculating the earth center included angle of the satellite in the visible range of the antenna by using the following method And ; ; In the formula, Is the earth radius; Step 102, fixing the antenna on earth to have longitude of 0 and latitude The satellite orbit plane is coplanar with the earth equatorial plane, and the longitude of the satellite orbit plane varies within the visible range of the antenna Calculated according to the following formula: 。
  3. 3. The method for evaluating high elevation tracking performance of a two-axis antenna according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of step 2 is as follows: Step 201, construct a set of satellite longitude locations Wherein Is a simulation period; step 202, calculating the pointing angle of the tracking satellite according to the following formula, including azimuth pointing angle Angle of pitch orientation And space distance : ; Step 203, calculating the azimuth velocity of the tracking satellite according to the following formula Pitch angle rate And maximum azimuth velocity : ; In the middle of Is the gravitational constant.
  4. 4. The method for evaluating high elevation tracking performance of a two-axis antenna according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step 3 is as follows: Step 301, set up Corresponding time is Calculating the time of antenna advance tracking using the following The pitch angle corresponding to this moment is : , In the middle of A maximum azimuth speed achievable for the antenna; step 302, when The tracking strategy of the antenna is to follow the change of azimuth and pitching pointing angles. When (when) The tracking strategy of the antenna is that the azimuth axis is at the maximum angular velocity The antenna rotates, the pitching axis changes along with the pitching pointing angle, and the true azimuth angle of the antenna is recorded in the tracking process And pitch angle 。
  5. 5. The method for evaluating high elevation tracking performance of a two-axis antenna according to claim 1, wherein the specific manner of step 4 is as follows: Step 401, calculating the free space attenuation change of the electromagnetic wave according to the following formula : ; Step 402, calculating tracking angle error according to the real azimuth angle and pitch angle of the antenna : , Step 403, calculating the total signal loss in the tracking process using the following formula: , In the middle of And evaluating the tracking performance of the antenna in the satellite tracking process by combining the total signal loss curve and specific antenna use requirements.

Description

Evaluation method for high elevation tracking performance of two-axis antenna Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a method for evaluating high elevation tracking performance of a two-axis antenna. Background In recent years, low-orbit satellite communication systems have been rapidly developed and widely used by virtue of their low latency, high bandwidth and global coverage capabilities. However, in the process of tracking a low-orbit satellite, the conventional two-axis antenna often faces the problem of attenuation and even interruption of signal intensity in a high elevation angle area, and a phenomenon of 'zenith dead zone' also occurs in severe cases, namely, the antenna cannot be effectively aligned with the satellite, so that a communication link is interrupted. This problem is related to the mechanical properties of the antenna and the motion profile of the satellite. Therefore, the mechanical performance parameters and satellite orbit parameters of the antenna are comprehensively considered, a scientific tracking performance evaluation method is established, and the method has important significance for defining the tracking capacity of the two-axis antenna in a high elevation angle area, and further improving the design and enhancing the tracking stability and reliability. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the high elevation tracking performance of a two-axis antenna. According to the satellite orbit height, the antenna visible elevation angle range and the antenna actual motion capability, a high elevation angle tracking performance method of a two-axis antenna is provided, the relative position and motion relation of the satellite and the antenna are not generally determined, an azimuth pointing angle advanced tracking strategy is established, and then signal loss in the tracking process is obtained, so that the tracking performance of the antenna is evaluated. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: A two-axis antenna high elevation tracking performance evaluation method comprises the following steps; Step 1, determining the positions of satellites and antennas; Step 2, calculating the pointing angle, the space distance and the maximum angular velocity of the antenna tracking satellite; step 3, determining the advanced tracking time and tracking strategy of the azimuth pointing angle; And 4, calculating signal loss in the tracking process by combining the electromagnetic wave free space attenuation change and the tracking angle error, and evaluating the tracking performance. Further, the specific mode of the step 1 is as follows: Step 101, according to the orbit height of the satellite Maximum elevation angle of antenna pointing to satelliteAnd minimum elevation angleCalculating the earth center included angle of the satellite in the visible range of the antenna by using the following methodAnd ; In the middle ofIs the earth radius; Step 102, without loss of generality, the antenna is fixed on earth with longitude of 0, latitude The satellite orbit plane is coplanar with the earth equatorial plane, and the longitude of the satellite orbit plane varies within the visible range of the antennaCalculated according to the following formula: Further, the specific mode of the step 2 is as follows: Step 201, construct a set of satellite longitude locations WhereinFor the simulation period, it is generally set to 0.01s; step 202, calculating the pointing angle of the tracking satellite according to the following formula, including azimuth pointing angle Angle of pitch orientationAnd space distance : Step 203, calculating the azimuth velocity of the tracking satellite according to the following formulaPitch angle rateAnd maximum azimuth velocity: In the middle ofIs the gravitational constant. Further, the specific mode of the step 3 is as follows: Step 301, set up Corresponding time isCalculating the time of antenna advance tracking using the followingThe pitch angle corresponding to this moment is: In the middle ofA maximum azimuth speed achievable for the antenna; step 302, when The tracking strategy of the antenna is to follow the azimuth and elevation pointing angle changes when. When (when)The tracking strategy of the antenna is that the azimuth axis is at the maximum angular velocityAnd rotating, and changing the pitching direction angle along the pitching axis. Recording real azimuth angle of antenna in tracking processAnd pitch angle 。 Further, the specific mode of the step 4 is as follows: Step 401, calculating the free space attenuation change of the electromagnetic wave according to the following formula : Step 402, calculating tracking angle error according to the real azimuth angle and pitch angle of the antenna: Step 403, calculating the total signal loss in the tracking process using the following formul