CN-122027012-A - Communication method based on photovoltaic module bypass unit

CN122027012ACN 122027012 ACN122027012 ACN 122027012ACN-122027012-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data communication of photovoltaic power stations, in particular to a communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit; the signal generating circuit comprises a bypass MOS tube of the photovoltaic module, and the coding signal is coupled to a direct-current power bus of the photovoltaic module in the form of voltage ripple and current disturbance by controlling the switching action of the bypass MOS tube, so that the communication between the photovoltaic module and a host is realized. The method can reduce the requirement of a special signal cable or a wireless transceiver, thereby reducing the cost and improving the reliability of the system, and meanwhile, the time coding pulse mode provided by the invention has the characteristic of strong anti-interference capability, and the sensitivity to electromagnetic interference is lower because the data is represented by time intervals, so that the method is suitable for being used in severe environments, and meanwhile, only a small amount of logic control circuits are needed to be added in the original photovoltaic bypass system, so that the cost is extremely low.

Inventors

CHEN MINHUA
ZHAO WEI
ZHANG YONGLIANG

Assignees

信天翁半导体(杭州)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260409

Claims (9)

1. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit is characterized in that, The signal generation circuit utilizes the switching action of the photovoltaic panel bypass MOS tube to couple the generated high-frequency signal to the power transmission bus of the photovoltaic module, wherein the high-frequency signal is a disturbance current signal generated by breaking the voltage balance between the original photovoltaic string and the inverter; Adopting a time pulse coding mode, and taking the pulse interval duration as a data carrier; Using a specific pulse in a pulse train formed by the time pulse coding mode as a time reference to perform clock synchronization; The receiving host extracts the modulation current in the power transmission bus of the photovoltaic module by using the current transformer, filters the extracted current signal by using the LC circuit, then enters the program-controlled amplifier to amplify the current signal, digitizes the current signal by using the analog-to-digital converter and then sends the digitized current signal into the microcontroller to decode, thereby realizing signal receiving.
2. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal generating circuit comprises a data register, a digital comparator, a first counter, a second counter driver and a bypass MOS tube, wherein the data register is used for inputting or storing contents to be transmitted, the data register is compared with the first counter in the digital comparator, when the count of the counter is greater than the count of the data register, a level signal is output, the second counter starts to count after detecting the output level signal, and resets the first counter after counting to a set value, so that the output level signal is reset.
3. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal generating circuit is used for coupling the coding signal to the direct-current power bus of the photovoltaic module in a current disturbance mode by controlling the switching action of the bypass MOS tube, so that the communication between the photovoltaic module and the inverter or the host is realized.
4. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time pulse coding mode of the time pulse coding consists of 2 initial pulses and N data pulses, wherein the 2 initial pulses are used for marking the start of data transmission and are also used as time synchronous signals, the interval duration of the N data pulses represents actual data, and the size of a data value depends on the length of a pulse interval.
5. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving host comprises a current transformer, a filter circuit, an amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a microcontroller, wherein the current transformer surrounds a power transmission bus of the photovoltaic module, when a modulation current flows through the power transmission bus of the photovoltaic module, the current transformer can generate an induction current proportional to the original current, the filter circuit consists of an inductor and a capacitor, the amplifier is used for increasing the amplitude of the induction current, and an amplified current signal is sent to the analog-to-digital converter, and the analog-to-digital converter converts the analog signal into a digital signal so as to be processed by the microcontroller.
6. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current transformer is a magnetic core coil transformer.
7. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LC circuit includes an inductor and a capacitor configured in series or parallel.
8. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analog-to-digital converter is a successive approximation ADC.
9. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller is an ARM series microcontroller.

Description

Communication method based on photovoltaic module bypass unit Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of data communication of photovoltaic power stations, in particular to a communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit. Background With the continuous expansion of the scale of photovoltaic power stations, the monitoring demands on the operation state of photovoltaic modules are increasing. The existing photovoltaic module state monitoring method mainly comprises unmanned aerial vehicle thermal imaging management, wireless or wired cable communication and photovoltaic module state identification through an inverter side MPPT algorithm. However, the method has the defects of high unmanned aerial vehicle thermal imaging management cost, poor real-time performance, poor resolution and complex AI fuzzy recognition algorithm, high wireless or wired cable communication mode cost, difficult guarantee of failure rate under severe environment, difficult accuracy of a single component in a method for recognizing the state of a photovoltaic component through an inverter-side MPPT algorithm and opposite identification information. Therefore, how to collect the running state information of the photovoltaic module with extremely low cost and high reliability is a problem to be solved in the management and the operation and the maintenance of the current photovoltaic power station. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the technical scheme, the invention provides a communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit, and the photovoltaic module bypass unit is utilized to realize the transmission and the reception of signals, so that the high-efficiency and low-cost collection of the operation state information of the photovoltaic module is realized. A communication method based on a photovoltaic module bypass unit comprises the following steps: The signal generation circuit couples the generated high-frequency signal to a power transmission bus of the photovoltaic module by utilizing the switching action of the bypass MOS tube, wherein the high-frequency signal is used for breaking the voltage balance between the original photovoltaic string and the inverter and generating a modulated disturbance current signal; Adopting a time pulse coding mode, and taking the pulse interval duration as a data carrier; Using a specific pulse in a pulse train formed by the time pulse coding mode as a time reference to perform clock synchronization; The receiving host extracts the modulation current in the power transmission bus of the photovoltaic module by using the current transformer, filters the extracted current signal by using the LC circuit, then enters the program-controlled amplifier to amplify the current signal, digitizes the current signal by using the analog-to-digital converter and then sends the digitized current signal into the microcontroller to decode, thereby realizing signal receiving. Preferably, the signal generating circuit comprises a data register, a digital comparator, a first counter, a second counter driver and a bypass MOS tube, wherein the data register is used for inputting or storing contents to be transmitted, the data register is compared with the first counter in the digital comparator, when the count of the counter is greater than the count of the data register, a level signal is output, the second counter starts to count after detecting the output level signal, resets the first counter after counting to a set value, resets the output level signal, so that the first counter is a carrier of data, and the second counter is programming of pulse intensity. Preferably, the signal generating circuit couples the coding signal to the direct current power bus of the photovoltaic module in the form of voltage ripple and current disturbance by controlling the switching action of the bypass MOS tube, so that the communication between the photovoltaic module and the inverter or the host is realized. Preferably, the time pulse code of the time pulse code mode consists of 2 initial pulses and N data pulses, wherein the 2 initial pulses are used for identifying the start of data transmission and are clock synchronous signals, the interval duration of the N data pulses represents actual data, and the size of a data value depends on the length of a pulse interval. Preferably, the time pulse coding of the time pulse coding mode consists of 2 initial pulses and N data pulses, wherein the 2 initial pulses are used for identifying the beginning of data transmission, the interval duration of the N data pulses represents actual data, and the size of a data value depends on the length of a pulse interval. The receiving host comprises a current transformer, a filter circuit, an amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter and a microcontroller, wherein the current transformer surrounds a power transmission bus of the photovoltaic module, when a modulation current flows t