CN-122027514-A - Communication abnormity diagnosis system, method and medium based on multistage detection

CN122027514ACN 122027514 ACN122027514 ACN 122027514ACN-122027514-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a communication abnormality diagnosis system based on multistage detection, which comprises a signal acquisition module, an abnormality diagnosis module, a control execution module and a control execution module, wherein the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring physical layer electrical parameters of a communication network node in real time, the physical layer electrical parameters at least comprise differential voltage values of a communication bus, node loop current values and frequency values of communication signals, the abnormality diagnosis module is connected with the signal acquisition module and used for receiving the physical layer electrical parameters, the control execution module is connected in series on a connecting loop of the communication network node and the communication bus, a control end of the control execution module is connected with an output end of the abnormality diagnosis module, and when the physical layer electrical parameters simultaneously exceed respective corresponding preset fault thresholds, the control execution module physically disconnects the electrical connection between the communication network node and the communication bus within preset time. The multi-stage judgment logic for the cooperative detection of three parameters of voltage, current and frequency is adopted, so that the problem that instantaneous interference is easy to misjudge by a single parameter detection scheme is avoided.

Inventors

YU YING
LIU XINYU
REN YUANJIANG
JIANG JIQING

Assignees

山东朗进科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251231

Claims (10)

1. A communication abnormality diagnosis system based on multistage detection, comprising: The system comprises a signal acquisition module, a communication network node, a communication network module and a communication network module, wherein the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring physical layer electrical parameters of the communication network node in real time, and the physical layer electrical parameters at least comprise differential voltage values of a communication bus, node loop current values and frequency values of communication signals; the abnormality diagnosis module is connected with the signal acquisition module and is used for receiving the physical layer electrical parameters; The control execution module is connected in series on a connecting loop of the communication network node and the communication bus, and the control end of the control execution module is connected with the output end of the abnormality diagnosis module; and when the physical layer electrical parameters simultaneously exceed the corresponding preset fault thresholds, the control execution module physically disconnects the electrical connection between the communication network node and the communication bus within a preset time.
2. The multi-level detection based communication anomaly diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition module comprises: The voltage detection unit comprises a double-path constant current source excitation circuit and a differential amplification circuit, wherein the double-path constant current source excitation circuit is used for generating reference potential on a signal line of a communication interface, and the differential amplification circuit is used for collecting and amplifying differential voltage change under the background of the reference potential; The current detection unit comprises a Hall current sensor and an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the Hall current sensor is coupled in a non-contact manner in a communication loop of the communication network node and is used for collecting the loop current of the node and converting the loop current into a digital signal; The frequency monitoring unit comprises a phase-locked loop frequency tracking circuit and is used for measuring the signal frequency on the communication bus in real time and calculating the frequency deviation value of the actual communication baud rate relative to the standard set baud rate.
3. The communication abnormality diagnosis system based on multi-stage detection according to claim 2, wherein the specific circuit configuration of the voltage detection unit includes: the double-path constant current source chip is characterized in that a first path of constant current output end of the double-path constant current source chip is connected to a first sampling node through a first signal wire of a communication interface and is grounded through a precision thermal resistor and a series voltage dividing resistor; The non-inverting input end and the inverting input end of the instrument amplifier are respectively connected to the first sampling node and the second sampling node and are used for amplifying the potential difference between the two nodes; the gain of the instrument amplifier is determined by the ratio of an external operational amplifier resistor; the trap circuit is connected to the output end of the instrument amplifier, and is formed by combining a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter and is configured to filter line interference signals with specific frequencies; the low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the trap and used for filtering high-frequency noise and outputting the high-frequency noise to the abnormality diagnosis module.
4. The multi-level detection based communication anomaly diagnostic system of claim 1, wherein the anomaly diagnostic module comprises a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) processor having parallel comparison logic circuitry configured therein; The preset fault threshold includes: Voltage fault threshold, differential voltage value exceeds + -3V; A current fault threshold value, namely a node loop current value exceeds 50mA; the frequency fault threshold value is that the absolute value of the deviation of the communication signal frequency relative to the set baud rate exceeds 10%; And the judging logic of the FPGA processor is configured to judge the hardware short circuit fault and output the disconnection control signal if the differential voltage value exceeds the voltage fault threshold, the node loop current value exceeds the current fault threshold and the frequency value exceeds the frequency fault threshold.
5. The communication abnormality diagnosis system based on multi-level detection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control execution module includes: A high-speed Solid State Relay (SSR) which is formed by a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) array, wherein the input end of the SSR receives the disconnection control signal, the output end of the SSR is connected in series at a communication bus interface, and the disconnection response time of the SSR is less than 100 mu s; And the watchdog self-recovery circuit is connected with the control end of the high-speed solid-state relay and is used for starting timing after the disconnection control signal is triggered, and sending a reset signal to try to close the high-speed solid-state relay after the preset fault isolation time is over.
6. A communication abnormality diagnosis method based on multi-stage detection, applied to the system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: S1, injecting reference current into a communication interface by using a double-path constant current source, establishing reference potential on a communication line, acquiring differential voltage signals superposed on the reference potential by using a differential amplifying circuit, acquiring loop current signals by using a Hall sensor, and acquiring signal frequency by using a phase-locked loop circuit; s2, carrying out notch filtering and low-pass filtering on the acquired differential voltage signals to filter power frequency interference and high-frequency noise; s3, in the FPGA processor, simultaneously comparing the real-time differential voltage value, the loop current value and the frequency deviation value with a preset voltage fault threshold value, a preset current fault threshold value and a preset frequency fault threshold value respectively; s4, judging that the serious hardware fault exists if the differential voltage value exceeds +/-3V, the loop current value is more than 50mA, and the frequency deviation is more than 10% and is met, and executing the step S5; And S5, hardware-level rapid isolation, wherein the FPGA processor directly outputs a high-level disconnection signal, drives the high-speed solid-state relay to disconnect communication within 100 mu S, and starts a watchdog timer to enter a self-recovery monitoring state.
7. The method as recited in claim 6, further comprising: S4, if the differential voltage value exceeds +/-3V, the loop current value is more than 50mA, and the frequency deviation is more than 10% and only meets the condition that single or two parameters exceed the limit, judging that the interference is suspected, and executing the step S6; And S6, the FPGA processor sends a warning interrupt to the communication controller, triggers a CRC error check or data retransmission mechanism, counts the error frame rate, and requests disconnection if the error frame rate exceeds a software threshold.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step S1, the first current of the two-way constant current source flows through the precision thermal resistor and returns to the ground, the second current returns directly to the ground through the resistor, and the influence of the temperature drift on the impedance measurement is compensated by comparing the potential differences generated by the two ways.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step S5, the self-recovery monitoring state includes waiting a preset cooling time after the disconnection, controlling the high-speed solid state relay to be closed after the cooling time is finished, detecting a loop current immediately after the closing, disconnecting again and prolonging the cooling time if the current still exceeds the current fault threshold value, and recovering normal communication monitoring if the current is normal.
10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the method according to any of claims 6 to 9.

Description

Communication abnormity diagnosis system, method and medium based on multistage detection Technical Field The invention relates to the technical fields of electronic circuit technology, industrial automation control and network security, in particular to an abnormality diagnosis and protection circuit and system for a communication network node. The invention is especially suitable for the rapid isolation and intelligent recovery of the fault nodes of the industrial field control network, the automobile electronic network and the building automation system with extremely high requirements on real-time performance and reliability. Background With the development of industrial and Internet of things technologies, field bus technologies (such as CAN, RS-485 and the like) are widely applied to the fields of industrial automation, automobile electronics, rail transit, security monitoring and the like due to the advantages of simple wiring, strong anti-interference capability, long transmission distance and the like. In these systems, tens or even hundreds of communication nodes are typically connected by a bus. However, with the increase in the number of nodes and the complexity of the working environment, hardware failure of the communication node becomes a major hidden danger affecting the stability of the entire network. The existing communication abnormality diagnosis and protection technology mainly has the defects of large diagnosis delay, low response speed, single detection parameter, high misjudgment rate, multiple functions of the existing protection circuit, incapability of distinguishing instantaneous interference and continuous faults (such as surge current and short circuit) by only monitoring single current or voltage parameter, rough disconnection mechanism, low recovery efficiency, slow disconnection speed (millisecond level) and irreversibility by adopting a fuse or a mechanical relay, and influence on the recovery efficiency of a system. In summary, the prior art lacks a communication node protection scheme capable of simultaneously implementing millisecond-level rapid diagnosis, multidimensional parameter cooperation anti-misjudgment and microsecond-level intelligent disconnection and recovery. In view of this, the present application has been made. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a communication abnormality diagnosis and intelligent disconnection system, method and medium based on multistage detection. According to the invention, by introducing a hardware cooperative detection mechanism with multiple parameters (voltage, current and frequency) into a physical layer and combining the rapid logic judgment of the FPGA and the rapid action of the MOSFET solid-state relay, the accurate identification and rapid isolation of fault nodes are realized, and meanwhile, the intelligent self-recovery function is realized. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a communication anomaly diagnostic system based on multi-level detection, comprising: The system comprises a communication network node, a signal acquisition module, a communication bus, a control module and a control module, wherein the communication network node is used for acquiring physical layer electrical parameters of the communication network node in real time; the abnormality diagnosis module is connected with the signal acquisition module and is used for receiving the physical layer electrical parameters and performing fault judgment by adopting a multi-stage judgment logic; The control execution module is connected in series on a connecting loop of the communication network node and the communication bus, and the control end of the control execution module is connected with the output end of the abnormality diagnosis module; When the differential voltage value, the node loop current value and the frequency value of the communication signal simultaneously exceed the corresponding preset fault threshold values, the abnormality diagnosis module outputs a disconnection control signal; the control execution module responds to the disconnection control signal to physically disconnect the electrical connection between the communication network node and the communication bus within a preset response time. Further, the signal acquisition module includes: The voltage detection unit comprises a double-path constant current source excitation circuit and a differential amplification circuit, wherein the double-path constant current source excitation circuit is used for generating reference potential on a signal line of a communication interface, and the differential amplification circuit is used for collecting and amplifying differential voltage change under the background of the reference potential; The current detection unit comprises a Hall current sensor and an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the Hall current sensor is coupled in a no