CN-122027915-A - Intelligent ammeter data transmission method based on carrier and wireless fusion and intelligent ammeter

CN122027915ACN 122027915 ACN122027915 ACN 122027915ACN-122027915-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a smart meter data transmission method based on carrier and wireless fusion and a smart meter, and relates to the technical field of smart meter communication, comprising the following contents that a metering control unit extracts a voltage zero crossing point and calculates a power factor angle, and outputs a time anchor point and the power factor angle; the dual-mode communication baseband unit generates an HPLC pure transmission mask and an HRF degradation transmission mask according to a time anchor point and a power factor angle, the medium access control layer divides a service message into volume micro frames according to the residual time volume corresponding to the current activation mask, and the physical layer executes the alternate activation of an HPLC power amplifier and an HRF power amplifier according to a mask switching boundary and inserts the dead time of the physical discharge. The scheme realizes feedforward constraint of the strong current state on dual-mode communication scheduling, and enhances consistency of transmission time sequence, frame length and board level switching. The occurrence probability of medium switching oscillation, message boundary crossing and power amplifier switching mismatch is reduced.

Inventors

JIANG KANG
ZHANG TENGFEI
GAO LI
Gao Pengqiang
ZHANG RONGHUA

Assignees

江苏华鹏智能仪表科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260416

Claims (10)

1. The intelligent ammeter data transmission method based on carrier and wireless fusion is applied to the intelligent ammeter and is characterized in that: The method comprises the steps that a metering control unit extracts a voltage zero crossing point and calculates a power factor angle, and outputs a time anchor point and the power factor angle to a dual-mode communication baseband unit; the dual-mode communication baseband unit calculates phase shift compensation time according to the power factor angle, and integrally translates a transmission time window around a time anchor point to generate an HPLC pure transmission mask and an HRF degradation transmission mask; the medium access control layer divides the service message with the expected flight time length larger than the residual time volume into volume micro frames according to the residual time volume of the next mask boundary corresponding to the current activation mask and presses the volume micro frames into the physical layer for transmission; And the physical layer executes the alternate activation of the HPLC power amplifier and the HRF power amplifier according to the switching boundary of the mask, and inserts the physical discharge dead time in the switching gap.
2. The smart meter data transmission method of claim 1, wherein: The metering control unit synchronously collects voltage sampling values and current sampling values under the same sampling clock, determines voltage zero crossing points between adjacent different-number voltage sampling values, binds the voltage zero crossing points with power factor angles of the same half cycle, and sends the voltage zero crossing points and the power factor angles of the same half cycle to the dual-mode communication baseband unit through GPIO hardware pins and serial buses respectively.
3. The smart meter data transmission method of claim 2, wherein: When the GPIO hardware pin is not interrupted according to the voltage zero crossing point, the metering control unit controls the dual-mode communication baseband unit to start the digital phase-locked loop, extracts a background noise envelope minimum value from the power line high-frequency sampling sequence, and rebuilds a time anchor point according to the offset relation between the historical zero crossing position and the background noise valley value.
4. A smart meter data transmission method as recited in claim 3, wherein: The dual-mode communication baseband unit takes a time anchor point as a time origin, converts a power factor angle into phase shift compensation time, and translates a transmission time window established around the time anchor point according to the phase shift compensation time to obtain the boundary of the HPLC pure transmission mask and the boundary of the HRF degradation transmission mask.
5. The smart meter data transmission method of claim 4, wherein: The dual-mode communication baseband unit disperses one power frequency period into continuous time slots according to time quantization step length, reserves edge sealing protection quantity at two sides of a transmitting time window, marks time slots falling into an HPLC pure transmitting mask boundary as carrier transmitting time slots, and marks time slots falling into an HRF degradation transmitting mask boundary as wireless taking over time slots.
6. The smart meter data transmission method of claim 5, wherein: The medium access control layer determines the residual time volume according to the next mask boundary corresponding to the current activation mask and the current moment, calculates the estimated flight time of the service message according to the fixed overhead time length, the original message length, the net bit bearing rate and the code loading coefficient of the current medium, and compares the estimated flight time with the residual time volume.
7. The smart meter data transmission method of claim 6, wherein: When the expected flight time length is larger than the residual time volume, the L2.5 adaptation layer determines the volume micro-frame length according to the residual time volume, the fixed overhead time length, the net bit bearing rate and the coding loading coefficient, intercepts the corresponding data segment from the head of the service message to form a volume micro-frame, writes the service identifier, the fragment sequence number and the total length of the original message, and then writes the residual data into the continuation queue.
8. The smart meter data transmission method of claim 7, wherein: The physical layer determines a switching sequence number according to the reverse boundary of the HPLC pure sending mask and the HRF degradation sending mask, and the advanced timer firstly withdraws the enabling end of the power amplifier corresponding to the current activation mask at the moment corresponding to the switching sequence number, maintains the closing state of both the HPLC power amplifier and the HRF power amplifier, and then starts the dead time of the physical discharge.
9. The smart meter data transmission method of claim 8, wherein: The physical layer collects power supply bus voltage through a bus voltage sampling branch circuit in the physical discharging dead time, determines the ending time of the physical discharging dead time according to the equivalent resistance, the bypass capacitor, the input side equivalent voltage, the silence starting voltage and the safe starting voltage, and judges whether to allow the starting of the target power amplifier at the ending time; And when the power supply bus voltage at the end time is lower than the safe starting voltage, the advanced timer keeps the HPLC power amplifier and the HRF power amplifier closed, and the waiting volume micro-frame formed in the step three is kept in the continuous queue until the next homogeneous mask window arrives, and then the power amplifier switching judgment is executed again.
10. The utility model provides a smart electric meter, includes measurement control unit, voltage sampling branch road, current sampling branch road, bimodulus communication baseband unit, HPLC power amplifier, HRF power amplifier and advanced timer, its characterized in that: The metering control unit is respectively connected with the voltage sampling branch and the current sampling branch, and is connected with the dual-mode communication baseband unit through GPIO hardware pins and a serial bus, and a medium access control layer, an L2.5 adaptation layer and a physical layer are arranged in the dual-mode communication baseband unit; The dual-mode communication baseband unit generates an HPLC pure transmission mask and an HRF degradation transmission mask according to a time anchor point and a power factor angle, the medium access control layer controls the L2.5 adaptation layer to divide a service message into volume micro frames and press the volume micro frames into the physical layer according to the residual time volume of the next mask boundary corresponding to the current activation mask, the physical layer controls the high-level timer to insert physical discharge dead time between the HPLC power amplifier and the HRF power amplifier according to the switching boundary of the mask, and the high-level timer is connected with the enabling end of the HPLC power amplifier and the HRF power amplifier.

Description

Intelligent ammeter data transmission method based on carrier and wireless fusion and intelligent ammeter Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent ammeter communication, in particular to an intelligent ammeter data transmission method based on carrier and wireless fusion and an intelligent ammeter. Background The system is mainly applied to an electric energy information acquisition system of a low-voltage distribution transformer area, and a typical system comprises a main station, a concentrator, a collector and single-phase or three-phase intelligent electric meters, wherein meter reading data, state information and event information are required to be transmitted between the concentrator and various meters under the conditions of building shielding, complex transformer area topology, various load types, communication condition changes and the like. At present, power line carrier communication and wireless communication are two most commonly used transmission modes of a power information acquisition system, wherein the former uses an existing distribution line to carry out signal transmission, and the latter uses a wireless link to realize coverage, and the engineering mainly uses a single medium or a dual-mode networking to support ammeter data feedback. Chinese patent document CN111465068a proposes a power line carrier wireless dual-mode fusion communication method. The document organizes a dual-mode communication process through a physical layer, a mac layer, a network layer and an application layer, wherein the physical layer receives input signals of a power line carrier communication channel or a wireless communication channel and then carries out diversity combination on the input signals at a transmitting end, the mac layer monitors the power line carrier communication channel or the wireless communication channel and selects one path to transmit in an idle state or tdMA time slots after receiving a data transmission task, the network layer selects an optimal routing table path containing the power line carrier communication channel or the wireless communication channel according to indexes such as a communication success rate, a communication level, a communication delay and the like, and the application layer gathers data from different service sources. In general, the document works by using a combination of carrier and wireless two mediums in concert to enable transmission, addressing and aggregation of traffic data over a dual-mode heterogeneous network. The technology mostly carries out dual-mode fusion from the aspects of physical layer diversity, mac layer channel selection and network layer path optimization, can overcome the problem of insufficient coverage of a single medium under the general networking scene, but because the power line carrier channel in a low-voltage station area has the characteristics of noise disturbance, input impedance time variation and signal attenuation, a wireless link is easily influenced by obstacles, frequency band conditions, environment and the like, the link state is not necessarily fixed, and the link state is possibly changed in a short time along with load start-stop and station area working condition change. If the medium and the path are still selected by the posterior indexes such as idle monitoring, the existing time slot corresponding relation, the communication success rate, the communication delay and the like, the communication decision is often based on the decision made by the already-occurring link condition, and the constraint of finer granularity is lacking for the matching relation between the message sending time and the medium boundary and the board-level power supply disturbance when the dual-mode transmitting link is continuously switched in the terminal for the instantaneous change in a single alternating current period. Therefore, under the scenes of high dynamic load areas, long message transmission or frequent switching of dual-mode links and the like, the problems that the transmission time sequence is inconsistent with the actual link state, the message is retransmitted or accumulated in a medium switching critical position, the communication link in the terminal is switched unstably and the like are easily caused, and the reliability of the data transmission process of the intelligent ammeter is affected. Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the art is how to improve the stability of time sequence matching and the reliability of medium switching in the data transmission process of the intelligent ammeter under the distribution area environment that the load state is dynamically changed and the condition of the dual-mode link continuously fluctuates. Disclosure of Invention (One) solving the technical problems Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a smart meter data transmission method based on carrier and wireless fusion and a smart meter, wherein a dual