CN-122028053-A - Blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in wireless networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in a wireless network, which belongs to the technical field of wireless communication and information, and constructs a blockchain network comprising multi-role nodes such as a spectrum provider, a user, a supervisor and the like, and deploys a series of intelligent contracts including resource registration, demand release, automatic matching, access authorization, payment settlement, credit management and supervision audit contracts. The method effectively solves the problems of lack of trust, low efficiency, difficult supervision and the like in the traditional spectrum sharing, remarkably improves the spectrum utilization rate and transaction efficiency, reduces the management cost, and provides a technical basis for constructing a safe, efficient and reliable dynamic spectrum sharing ecological system.

Inventors

• Zeng Zepeng
• CAI SHENSHEN

Assignees

• 福建省邮电规划设计院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260119

Claims (10)

1. 1. The scheme is deployed on a blockchain network commonly maintained by a plurality of participant nodes, the blockchain network is used as a decentralised trusted infrastructure, all spectrum management operations are recorded and verified, and the core functions of the scheme are realized through a set of interrelated intelligent contracts and are executed according to the following steps: S1, a resource registration step, namely receiving, verifying and permanently storing spectrum resource attribute information submitted by a spectrum provider node through a resource registration contract, wherein the attribute information at least comprises a spectrum identifier, a geographic coverage area, an available time window, a basic pricing strategy and an allowed maximum transmitting power parameter; S2, a demand release step, namely receiving, formatting and permanently storing spectrum demand information submitted by a node of a spectrum demand party through a demand release contract, wherein the demand information at least comprises a required frequency band, a desired geographic position, a service time, a service quality requirement and a payment budget; S3, automatically matching and trading, namely continuously monitoring events of issuing contracts by the resource registration contracts and the demands through the automatic matching and trading contracts, automatically matching the spectrum resources and the demands meeting the conditions based on a preset matching algorithm and a trading rule, and generating and storing a tamper-proof trading record containing both sides of the trade, spectrum parameters, prices and validity period after the agreement is reached; S4, a trusted access authorization step, namely responding to a completion event of the automatic matching and transaction contract through the trusted access authorization contract, generating a digital authorization token which has uniqueness and timeliness and contains an accurate spectrum use permission instruction according to the transaction record, and safely distributing the token to a corresponding requiring party node; And S5, automatically triggering and executing digital asset transfer from the requiring party to the providing party according to the payment terms and the preset performance verification conditions in the transaction record through an automatic payment and settlement contract, and completing transaction settlement.
2. 2. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme of claim 1, further comprising an under-chain trusted data layer tightly coupled to the blockchain network for ensuring authenticity and timeliness of the input blockchain spectrum state data before and during execution of the S3 auto-match and transaction step, wherein the under-chain trusted data layer specifically operates as a support step for the S3 step by: S2.1, a distributed sensing step, wherein a distributed sensing unit formed by a plurality of wireless sensing nodes deployed in a target geographic area cooperatively collects real-time spectrum environment data, and the spectrum environment data comprises signal intensity, occupation state, background noise and interference level of a specific frequency band; S2.2, a data verification and aggregation step, namely, performing cross verification, denoising and aggregation processing on the original data from a plurality of sensing units by adopting a consensus-based algorithm or a trusted execution environment through data verification and aggregation service to form a consistent and verifiable spectrum state report; S2.3, a trusted uplink step, namely, a node of a predictor network is used as a safe downlink-uplink data bridge, a spectrum state report is obtained from the data verification and aggregation service through the predictor network, and after the reliability of the data is ensured through a digital signature and/or deposit submitting mode, a key data abstract or proof is submitted to the blockchain network, so that relevant intelligent contract state update is triggered; Wherein in the step S3 of automatically matching and trading, when the matching decision is about to be made, the spectrum status data related to the target geographical area and frequency band, which is newly submitted by the predictor network, is forcibly queried and verified, ensuring that the trade is allowed to be achieved only when the spectrum resource is verified as actually available or about to be available.
3. 3. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme of claim 1, wherein in the step of S4 trusted access authorization, the generated digitized authorization token is a non-homogenous token conforming to a blockchain token standard or a digital certificate with a specific structure, the coded spectrum usage permission instructions in the token are machine-readable and at least comprise a center frequency, a bandwidth, an authorization initiation and termination timestamp, a three-dimensional geospatial usage boundary, and a maximum equivalent omnidirectional radiation power limit, the scheme further comprises an equipment auto-configuration interface, so that a communication equipment of a requiring party node can acquire the digitized authorization token by querying a blockchain state or a listening contract event and parse the instructions therein, and automatically and precisely configure transmission parameters through a software defined radio or programmable radio frequency front end to realize compliant access.
4. 4. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in a wireless network of claim 3, further comprising a spectrum usage supervision and compliance proving step: S6.1, a use certificate generation step, in which the communication equipment periodically or according to event triggering, collects own actual transmission parameters and/or received signal characteristics collected by the cooperative nodes to generate a spectrum use certificate data packet with a time stamp and a digital signature; S6.2, proving data uplink step, submitting the use proving data packet to the blockchain network for proving, and forming a spectrum use track chain which cannot be tampered; And S6.3, performing verification, wherein in the step S5 of automatic payment and settlement, the automatic payment and settlement contract verifies whether a continuous and compliant use proof chain corresponding to the current transaction exists, and takes the verification result as one of core conditions of releasing payment, returning deposit or judging default.
5. 5. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in a wireless network of claim 2, further comprising the step of distributed reputation management and incentive: s7.1, a behavior recording step, namely continuously recording and structuring and storing the on-chain behavior events of each participant node through a credit management contract, wherein the on-chain behavior events comprise successful transaction times, performance rate, accuracy and timeliness for providing frequency spectrum state data, arbitrated times and results; s7.2, a reputation score calculating step, namely dynamically calculating and updating the comprehensive reputation score of each node by adopting a predefined algorithm model based on the behavior event history; And S7.3, reputation application, wherein in the step S3 of automatic matching and transaction, the matching algorithm takes the reputation score of the seller as a positive correlation factor of resource sequencing or recommendation weight, and takes the reputation score of the buyer as a calculation basis of the required payment deposit proportion or obtained credit line, so as to construct an incentive compatible ecological system.
6. 6. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in a wireless network of claim 1, further comprising the step of decentralizing dispute arbitration and execution: S8.1, a dispute promotion and evidence encapsulation step, wherein any participant node can promote a dispute for a specific transaction through a dispute arbitration contract and associate and submit related on-chain transaction records, authorization tokens and use certificates as evidence; s8.2, a coset group selecting and voting step, wherein an arbitration contract selects a coset group from the network node according to a predefined rule, and the coset group members carry out anonymous or public voting after checking evidence; and S8.3, an automatic arbitration execution step, wherein the arbitration contract forms a final arbitration according to the voting result and automatically executes the arbitration result, including but not limited to transferring the dispute deposit to the impaired party, deducting the credit score of the responsible party or forcedly canceling the current spectrum access authorization.
7. 7. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in a wireless network of claim 1, further comprising a programmable regulatory and compliance auditing step: s9.1, a supervisory node accessing step, wherein a supervisory agency operates the supervisory node with a specific authority level to access a blockchain network, and the specific authority level allows the supervisory node to decrypt and view plaintext transaction details or access all original data records; s9.2, a strategy contractual step, namely encoding core clauses of spectrum management regulations into compliance strategy functions which can be called by intelligent contracts; s9.3, a real-time compliance checking step, wherein in the S3 automatic matching and transaction step or the S4 trusted access authorization step, related contracts automatically call the compliance policy function to check, and the operation of non-compliance is blocked; And S9.4, an audit interface exposure step, namely providing a standardized data query API and a visual dashboard for monitoring and monitoring panoramic and penetrating real-time and post audit by the supervision node.
8. 8. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in a wireless network of claim 1 or 7, further comprising a multi-layer privacy preserving processing step: S10.1, identity anonymization, namely performing on-chain interaction by using a pseudo identity generated by asymmetric cryptography by a participant node to realize unhooking of the identity and a real entity under a conventional view; And S10.2, transaction detail protection step, namely, for sensitive business information such as transaction price, accurate geographic position coordinates and the like, adopting a zero knowledge proving technology to ensure that a participant can prove that the transaction accords with all rules without revealing specific numerical values to a network, or adopting a threshold homomorphic encryption technology to encrypt and then uplink the sensitive data, and cooperatively decrypting by a plurality of authorized parties only when the conditions are met.
9. 9. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in the wireless network of claim 1, wherein in the step of S3 of automatically matching and transacting, the preset matching algorithm and transaction rule support a pluggable market mechanism, specifically comprising: S3.1, selecting a mechanism, namely selecting one or more combinations of fixed price, request/response and single-side/double-side auction according to the type of the resource and the market strategy; And S3.2, interference sensing matching, wherein in matching calculation, a light interference evaluation model is integrated, and the interference evaluation model evaluates potential co-frequency or adjacent-frequency interference according to geographic positions, antenna heights, transmitting power and terrain data of both transaction parties and surrounding authorized users, and only allows successful matching when the interference is lower than a preset threshold value, so that the spatial multiplexing safety is ensured.
10. 10. The blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in the wireless network according to claim 1, wherein the blockchain network adopts a license-making alliance chain architecture, the consensus mechanism adopts practical bayer fault tolerance and variants thereof applicable to high-frequency transaction scenes or a mechanism based on authority certification, all intelligent contracts interact through well-defined application binary interfaces and event logs, and the steps S1 to S5 and optional steps S6 to S10 are connected in series through event-driven modes to form a complete, autonomous and verifiable spectrum resource sharing and transaction automation workflow.

Description

Blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in wireless networks Technical Field The invention relates to the technical fields of wireless communication technology, spectrum resource management and blockchain technology, in particular to a management scheme for realizing credible, transparent and automatic spectrum sharing and transaction process based on the blockchain technology. Background The wireless spectrum is used as a key scarce resource for supporting mobile communication, internet of things and industry digital transformation, the traditional static or administrative allocation mode of the wireless spectrum is difficult to meet the explosive type increased flow demand and diversified application scenes, and the static allocation causes low utilization rate of a large amount of authorized spectrum in time and space, so that contradiction between spectrum barren and spectrum empty coexistence is formed. Dynamic spectrum sharing and marketization transaction are widely regarded as fundamental ways for improving spectrum efficiency and exciting network innovation activity, and the secondary users are allowed to dynamically access to idle spectrums on the premise of not generating harmful interference to the primary users, or the spectrums are used as commodities to carry out marketization lease and marketing, so that the optimal configuration of resources is realized. However, the existing dynamic spectrum sharing and transaction mechanisms face a series of serious challenges in practice, the core of which can be classified into three difficulties of trust, efficiency and security, the trust level lacks a mutual trust basis among multiple benefit subjects, the authenticity of the statement of the spectrum state is difficult to verify, the fulfillment of the transaction commitment lacks reliable guarantee, and disputes about interference responsibility and payment settlement are easily caused. In the aspect of efficiency, the current centralized spectrum access system or bilateral negotiation mode has the problems of single-point performance bottleneck, huge management overhead, long transaction matching and clearing period and the like, and is difficult to support massive, high-frequency and fine-grained real-time spectrum transactions, in the aspect of safety, a centralized database and a control system are easy to be targets of network attack, risks of data tampering, service interruption and privacy leakage exist, and in addition, a supervision mechanism is difficult to effectively and transparently monitor and audit scattered and dynamic transaction behaviors in real time, so that the compliance cost is high. The blockchain technology provides a new paradigm for constructing a decentralised trust infrastructure by the characteristics of distributed ledger, non-falsification of data, traceability of processes, automatic execution of intelligent contracts and the like, and the main mode of applying blockchain to spectrum management is to store information such as transaction records, spectrum authorization and the like on-chain. However, the schemes often have obvious limitations that firstly, the problem of credible uplink of a spectrum state cannot be solved, secondly, the functions are single, the functions are focused on a transaction link, a closed loop cannot be formed by communication core flows such as spectrum sensing, access control, interference coordination and cooperative scheduling, thirdly, deep support for complex business logic and multiparty cooperative management is lacked, and fourthly, the balance between privacy protection and supervision transparency is difficult to achieve. Therefore, the existing spectrum management schemes based on blockchain are mostly shallow applications, and a robust and efficient trusted spectrum ecological system covering the whole life cycle cannot be constructed yet. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a comprehensive and blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme, and realizes the whole-flow trusted and automatic from spectrum sensing, transaction matching, contract execution to supervision audit. The invention relates to a blockchain-based spectrum sharing and transaction trusted management scheme in a wireless network, which is deployed on a blockchain network commonly maintained by a plurality of participant nodes, wherein the blockchain network is used as a decentralised trusted infrastructure and records and verifies all spectrum management operations, and the core functions of the scheme are realized through a group of interrelated intelligent contracts and are implemented according to the following steps: S1, a resource registration step, namely receiving, verifying and permanently storing spectrum resource attribute information submitted by a spectrum provider node through a resource registration contract, wherein the