CN-122028068-A - Power transmission line signal coverage enhancement method based on RIS and WAPI fusion

CN122028068ACN 122028068 ACN122028068 ACN 122028068ACN-122028068-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a power transmission line signal coverage enhancement method based on RIS and WAPI fusion, which relates to the technical field of power transmission lines and is technically characterized in that detection points are arranged in a differentiated mode according to interference intensity and terminal distribution density of different areas along the power transmission line, position characteristics of weak signal coverage areas, electromagnetic interference, weather change and other dynamic environment factors are captured, interference frequency distribution is analyzed firstly by combining an interference avoidance strategy and a compensation strategy of an intelligent reflection surface on the basis, an optimal working frequency band is selected by avoiding a strong interference frequency band, then future weather is input, signal compensation parameters for special scenes are preset, adverse effects of various environment factors on signal transmission are effectively offset, meanwhile, equipment is arranged in a multi-node collaborative deployment mode, a certain coverage overlapping rate is guaranteed, reflection resources are distributed in a differentiated mode according to terminal and coverage requirements in a matched mode, and no dead angle coverage of the whole power transmission line is guaranteed.

Inventors

YANG YI
PENG GANG
SHEN BOWEN
Wei Wenchi
NIE YU
GU XIANJUN
XIAO YOU
CHENG LAN
LIU CHONG

Assignees

湖北思极科技有限公司
湖北思极科技有限公司武汉分公司
国网湖北省电力有限公司武汉供电公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260120

Claims (10)

1. The power transmission line signal coverage enhancement method based on RIS and WAPI fusion is characterized by comprising the following steps: Acquiring full-dimensional basic data of a power transmission line scene, wherein the full-dimensional basic data comprises power transmission line paths, line dynamic environment interference, current signal coverage intensity, equipment deployable positions, historical line operation conditions and fault associated information, and the dynamic environment interference information comprises real-time electromagnetic interference, line icing thickness and temporary shielding objects; Based on full-dimension basic data, combining RIS scene signal reflection characteristics and WAPI dynamic security adaptation characteristics, and determining RIS signal reflection parameters, WAPI security transmission configuration parameters and a signal coverage enhancement execution scheme through a pre-trained environment perception and parameter mapping model; Deploying RIS with multi-scene signal compensation capability according to an execution scheme, starting WAPI dynamic safety transmission mechanism, performing cooperative work through a bidirectional predictive data interaction channel, and executing power transmission line signal coverage enhancement operation; The enhanced signal coverage data, the equipment operation data and the real-time data along the line environment are collected, and are input into a mapping model for iterative optimization to obtain a three-dimensional effect evaluation result comprising a signal quality index, a safety level index and an energy consumption efficiency index; And if not, synchronously optimizing two types of equipment parameters based on the scene-based pre-adjustment parameters output by the mapping model, otherwise, determining a final scheme and storing the final scheme into a power transmission line signal enhancement scene storage module to provide a parameter template for the similar scenes.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of obtaining full-dimensional basic data is as follows: Extracting the position, the tower spacing, the line trend and the tower material parameters of a starting tower of a line through a power transmission line GIS, and combining the line sag data of unmanned aerial vehicle inspection to form power transmission line path information containing space topology and structural characteristics; Detecting points are arranged along the transmission line according to the difference between the regional interference intensity and the terminal distribution, and electromagnetic interference data, meteorological data and temporary shielding data are collected through the multifunctional dynamic monitoring equipment continuously for a preset time period; Collecting signal receiving power, signal-to-noise ratio, transmission rate, error rate and end-to-end time delay of each detection point through signal comprehensive analysis equipment to form current signal coverage intensity information containing space-time dimension; determining the maximum installation weight of RIS and the deployment height limit of WAPI access points by combining the tower bearing calculation result, and counting the coverage range of deployed communication base stations and the distribution density of monitoring terminals to form the deployable position information of equipment; Acquiring fault records of signal interruption along a line, establishing a related database of fault reasons, environmental parameters and signal attenuation, and forming related information of the running condition and the fault of the line; and carrying out standardization processing on the acquired data to obtain full-dimension basic data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific step of determining the RIS reflection parameter is as follows: Identifying a signal coverage weak area by adopting a multidimensional weight cluster analysis method according to the related information of the transmission line path and the current signal coverage intensity information, and determining the priority of the RIS target coverage area according to the emergency degree; Selecting RIS working frequency bands by adopting a double strategy of interference avoidance and power compensation based on interference frequency distribution of dynamic environment interference information along a line, selecting frequency bands avoiding strong interference and setting adaptive power compensation when the strong interference frequency bands are concentrated; calculating three-dimensional distances and angles of the RIS, the signal transmitting source and the receiving end according to the target coverage area and the equipment deployment position and combining the spatial coordinates of the tower, and determining an initial angle of the reflecting unit; Inputting weather forecast data of a future preset time length through a mapping model, and calculating a scene reflection parameter compensation value; And through field dynamic test verification, the signal receiving power of the target coverage area under the special scene is controlled to be stably higher than a preset threshold value, the fluctuation amplitude meets the requirements, and RIS signal reflection parameters comprising the working frequency band, the angle of the reflection unit, the reflection intensity and the scene compensation coefficient are obtained.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific steps of determining WAPI security transmission configuration parameters are as follows: according to the security level requirements of the power transmission line, selecting an identity authentication method supporting four layers of peer-to-peer authentication of a terminal, an access point, an authentication server and a cloud platform, and adopting an elliptic curve cryptosystem to prepare an encryption algorithm suitable for the security requirements for key negotiation; establishing a corresponding relation between interference frequency and key updating period based on interference fluctuation period and intensity of the interference information in the dynamic environment along the line; and adding an interference self-adaptive authentication mechanism, and adjusting authentication timeout time when the burst interference is detected to form the WAPI-containing secure transmission configuration parameters.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific steps of formulating and executing the signal coverage enhancement execution scheme are as follows: According to RIS signal reflection parameters and equipment deployment positions, by combining tower bearing calculation, determining the installation height of the RIS adaptive tower structure and safety requirements, a vibration-proof anti-corrosion fixing mode and the safety distance between the RIS adaptive tower structure and a high-voltage wire, and forming an RIS deployment scheme; based on WAPI safety configuration parameters, deploying a relay gateway integrating edge calculation on an iron tower of a power transmission line, returning the gateway in the north direction by adopting a double-link, performing sector coverage of an adaptive circuit coverage requirement by a smart antenna in the south direction, and forming a WAPI starting scheme by adopting multi-hop cascade connection and dynamic power control among the iron towers by relay equipment; integrating two schemes, starting and initializing compensation parameters by RIS in advance of a preset time, triggering safety connection after WAPI detects that a reflected signal reaches the standard, and sharing state data by the two schemes; and (3) equipment installation and debugging are completed according to the scheme, the environment data are analyzed in real time through the edge computing module, and the collaborative strategy is dynamically adjusted.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the three-dimensional effect evaluation result specifically comprises: Setting acquisition points in the signal coverage weak area and the normal area according to coverage weak degree differentiation, acquiring enhanced signal quality data, safety grade data and energy consumption efficiency data, receiving the acquired indexes to acquire standard reaching rates of various indexes, adopting hierarchical analysis and entropy weight combination weight distribution to analyze and obtain a three-dimensional effect evaluation result, comparing the evaluation result with a preset evaluation threshold value, and recording index change in extreme scenes as parameter optimization constraint.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific steps of optimizing the parameters are as follows: if the evaluation result is lower than a preset evaluation threshold, reversely pushing a failure cause through a mapping model, wherein if the power fails to reach the standard, the RIS reflection intensity is adjusted and disturbance is avoided, if the rate fails to reach the standard, the frequency band is switched and the encryption grade is adjusted downwards, if the safety fails to reach the standard, the authentication parameters are updated, the key period is shortened, and if the energy consumption fails to reach the standard, the RIS dormancy mechanism is started; And after adjustment, re-executing the enhancement operation, collecting data to calculate a new evaluation result until reaching standards and the extreme scene index fluctuation meets the requirements, storing the environmental parameters, the adjustment strategy and the evaluation result into a database, and iterating and optimizing the mapping model.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein collecting line-along dynamic environmental interference data comprises: Disposing a multi-sensor fusion monitoring device at each detection point, synchronously collecting electromagnetic interference data, meteorological data and dynamic shielding data, distinguishing typical frequency bands and characteristics of industrial interference, civil communication interference and line self interference, and establishing an interference source, frequency and influence radius association model; and integrating the data and the model to form dynamic environment interference data containing real-time values, predicted values and compensation strategies, and inputting the dynamic environment interference data into a mapping model.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the specific steps of the RIS in conjunction with the WAPI bi-directional advanced prediction are as follows: the two types of equipment keep the time synchronization precision meeting the cooperative requirement through a dual-mode synchronization clock, and the RIS adjusts the reflection parameters in advance based on weather forecast data of the future preset duration; The access point collects the signal-to-noise ratio and the error rate of the reflected signal according to a preset period, and sends an adjustment request to the RIS when the predicted signal quality is lower than a threshold value, and the RIS rapidly completes parameter fine adjustment; when the monitoring terminal is accessed, the authentication server verifies the identity through a four-layer peer-to-peer mechanism, and selects an adaptive anti-interference strategy according to the type of the reflected signal interference; The two types of equipment establish a main, standby and emergency three-link redundancy channel, and control the interruption time of data transmission within a preset time.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the enhancing method further comprises a multi-node cooperative enhancing step of: Multiple groups of equipment are deployed according to the length of the power transmission line and the density of the terminals to form a star-shaped and chain-shaped hybrid multi-hop enhanced network; Identifying terminal access modes, dividing different auxiliary groups, and differentially distributing reflection resources; Adjacent WAPI allocates a frequency band interval meeting the anti-interference requirement and having a frequency hopping working frequency band, and an overlapping area selects an access point according to the signal quality and the access efficiency standard; Establishing a distributed cooperative control center, and receiving equipment data through a 5G private network; the control center establishes a health assessment model based on the equipment operation data, predicts faults, and triggers preventive maintenance to reduce equipment fault rate.

Description

Power transmission line signal coverage enhancement method based on RIS and WAPI fusion Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission lines, in particular to a power transmission line signal coverage enhancement method based on RIS and WAPI fusion. Background Along with the deep promotion of smart grid construction, a power transmission line is used as a core backbone for electric power energy transmission, the reliability, the safety and the coverage integrity of a communication link become key supports for guaranteeing the automation of power grid dispatching, the monitoring of equipment states and the rapid positioning of faults, a modern power transmission line generally spans a wide region, has complex and various environments along the line, faces static challenges such as electromagnetic interference of industrial factories, urban and rural civil communication frequency band conflict, natural topography shielding and the like, and also needs to cope with dynamic risks such as signal attenuation, temporary construction machinery shielding and the like caused by meteorological disasters such as icing, strong wind, storm and the like, and has strict requirements on the stability and anti-interference capability of signal transmission; By additionally arranging a communication base station or wireless relay equipment along the transmission line, the signal coverage area is enlarged; the implementation logic is based on equipment deployment of fixed power and coverage radius, the coverage blank is attempted to be filled by increasing hardware density, but in practical application, a large number of additionally arranged base stations break through structural safety limit, the equipment deployment, power supply and maintenance cost is extremely high, meanwhile, base station signal propagation is easily influenced by topography and shielding, coverage dead angles can still be formed in complicated areas such as mountains and forests, no dead angle coverage of the whole line can be realized, in addition, the signal direction is optimized for a fixed scene through preset reflection parameters, but the scheme only focuses on signal strength to improve, the safety requirement of data transmission of the transmission line is not considered, an encryption protection mechanism for monitoring data and regulating instructions is lacked, safety risks such as data tampering and man-in-the-middle attack are easily suffered, the reflection parameters are mainly fixed configuration or manual adjustment, dynamic environments such as electromagnetic interference and weather change cannot be adapted in real time, the signal quality fluctuation is large, and the enhancement effect is sharply reduced under special scenes such as icing and strong wind; In addition, most of the existing schemes adopt a fixed parameter configuration mode, namely, the working parameters of equipment are set according to an initial scene and are unchanged for a long time, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is lacking in the implementation process, so that the equipment cannot adapt to dynamic changes such as interference frequency hopping, temporary shielding and the like, parameters are disjointed from environmental requirements, meanwhile, effect evaluation only pays attention to single indexes such as signal receiving power, transmission rate and the like, the balance of safety level and energy consumption efficiency is ignored, part of schemes are pursuing excessive consumption of energy sources of signal intensity, or the real-time performance of transmission is sacrificed for guaranteeing safety, and the practicability and economy are insufficient. Disclosure of Invention In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The power transmission line signal coverage enhancement method based on RIS and WAPI fusion comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring full-dimensional basic data of a power transmission line scene, wherein the full-dimensional basic data comprises power transmission line path related information, line dynamic environment interference information, current signal coverage intensity information, equipment deployable position information and historical line running condition and fault related information, and the dynamic environment interference information covers real-time electromagnetic interference, line icing thickness and temporary shielding conditions; S2, based on the full-dimensional basic data, combining the scene signal reflection characteristic of the intelligent reflecting surface with the dynamic safety adaptation characteristic of the wireless local area network authentication and privacy infrastructure, determining the signal reflection parameter of the intelligent reflecting surface, the safety transmission configuration parameter of the wireless local area network authentication and privacy infrastructure and a signal coverage