CN-122028375-A - Composite vapor chamber with vertical gradient capillary channel and preparation process and application thereof

CN122028375ACN 122028375 ACN122028375 ACN 122028375ACN-122028375-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite soaking plate with a vertical gradient capillary channel, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composite soaking plate comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a liquid suction core and a heat transfer working medium, wherein the upper shell and the lower shell are composite plates formed by combining an outer base layer and an inner copper layer, the lower shell is provided with a supporting column protruding inwards, the supporting column is positioned in a cavity and connected with the upper shell, the liquid suction core comprises a first liquid suction core, a second liquid suction core and a third liquid suction core, the first liquid suction core is positioned at one end of the upper shell and combined with the copper layer of the upper shell, the second liquid suction core is positioned at one end of the lower shell and combined with the copper layer of the lower shell, the third liquid suction core is a circular sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the supporting column, one end of the third liquid suction core is connected with the first liquid suction core, the other end of the third liquid suction core is connected with the second liquid suction core to form a heat transfer working medium backflow channel penetrating through the upper shell and the lower shell, and the heat transfer working medium is positioned in the cavity.

Inventors

ZHOU ZHIWEN
TANG YONG
CHEN HAIMU
ZHANG SHIWEI
CHEN GONG

Assignees

华南理工大学
广东中昇华控智能科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260320

Claims (10)

1. The composite vapor chamber with the vertical gradient capillary channel is characterized by comprising an upper shell, a lower shell, a liquid suction core and a heat transfer working medium; The upper shell and the lower shell are composite plates formed by combining an outer base layer and an inner copper layer, a cavity is formed after the upper shell and the lower shell are combined, the lower shell is provided with a supporting column protruding inwards, and the supporting column is positioned in the cavity and connected with the upper shell; the liquid absorbing cores comprise a first liquid absorbing core, a second liquid absorbing core and a third liquid absorbing core, wherein the first liquid absorbing core is located at one end of the upper shell and is combined with the copper layer of the upper shell, the second liquid absorbing core is located at one end of the lower shell and is combined with the copper layer of the lower shell, the third liquid absorbing core is a circular sleeve pipe and is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting column, one end of the third liquid absorbing core is connected with the first liquid absorbing core, the other end of the third liquid absorbing core is connected with the second liquid absorbing core to form a heat transfer working medium backflow channel penetrating through the upper shell and the lower shell, and the heat transfer working medium is located in the cavity.
2. The composite vapor chamber with vertical gradient capillary channels according to claim 1, wherein the second liquid suction core is provided with an avoidance hole for the support column to pass through, and the third liquid suction core is positioned in a gap between the periphery of the support column and the inner side of the avoidance hole.
3. The composite vapor chamber with vertical gradient capillary channels of claim 2, wherein the first wick is also provided with relief holes for the support posts to pass through.
4. The composite vapor chamber with the vertical gradient capillary channel according to claim 1 is characterized in that the preparation method of the support column comprises the steps of preheating a deformation area of a lower shell to 200-300 ℃, gradually stretching the support column by adopting at least three-stage progressive dies, controlling the deformation of each stage of stretching within 60% of the ultimate stretching rate of a material, and arranging a fillet transition structure at the joint of the root of the support column and the lower shell, wherein the fillet radius of the fillet transition structure is larger than 2 times of the thickness of the composite plate.
5. The composite vapor chamber with vertical gradient capillary channels of claim 1, wherein the first, second and third wicks are at least one of a copper mesh, copper foam and copper braid, respectively.
6. The composite vapor chamber with vertical gradient capillary channels of claim 1, wherein the third wick is a sintered copper powder ring structure having a porosity of 40-60%.
7. A method for preparing a composite vapor chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: s1, shell forming, namely, preheating a deformation area of the lower shell to 200-300 ℃ by selecting a composite board formed by combining an outer base layer and an inner copper layer, and gradually stretching a support column by adopting at least three-stage progressive dies, wherein the deformation of each stage of stretching is controlled within 60% of the ultimate stretching rate of the material. S2, assembling the liquid suction cores, namely arranging the first liquid suction core on the surface of the inner copper layer of the upper shell, arranging the second liquid suction core on the surface of the inner copper layer of the lower shell, sleeving or forming the third liquid suction core on the periphery of the support column, and positioning the third liquid suction core between the first liquid suction core and the second liquid suction core; s3, buckling the upper shell and the lower shell, placing the upper shell and the lower shell in a vacuum furnace, and heating the upper shell and the lower shell while applying vertical pressure to enable the copper layer at the top end of the support column and the copper layer at the inner side of the upper shell to be subjected to atomic diffusion fusion; S4, injecting liquid and sealing, namely injecting the heat transfer working medium, and sealing after degassing.
8. The method for preparing a composite vapor chamber according to claim 7, wherein in step S3, the heating temperature is 850-950 ℃, the vertical pressure is 0.5-2.0 MPa, and the holding time is 30-120min.
9. The method for preparing a composite vapor chamber according to claim 7, wherein the third wick is formed by pre-pressing copper powder into a ring-shaped green body, sleeving the green body on the support column, and then completing sintering formation of the third wick and diffusion fusion with the upper and lower shells simultaneously by one-time heating in the heating process of step S3.
10. A heat dissipating device comprising the composite vapor chamber of any one of claims 1 to 6.

Description

Composite vapor chamber with vertical gradient capillary channel and preparation process and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of phase change heat transfer and electronic heat dissipation, in particular to a composite vapor chamber with a vertical gradient capillary channel, and a preparation process and application thereof. Background With the development of modern electronic equipment towards miniaturization and high power density, a thermal management system faces serious challenges, and a vapor chamber for efficiently dissipating heat by utilizing latent heat of phase change of a working medium has become a mainstream solution. In order to achieve the aim of considering the strength, the light weight and the cost reduction of the shell, the adoption of stainless steel-copper composite materials to replace pure copper for manufacturing the vapor chamber gradually becomes an industry trend. However, the existing stainless steel-copper composite soaking plate technology still has the remarkable defects in terms of manufacturing process and thermal performance that on one hand, an inner copper layer in a composite material is generally thinner and softer, micro cracks and even cracks are easily generated at a stretching part due to the difference of extensibility of the inner copper layer and a stainless steel matrix in the stamping forming process of a support column with high depth-to-width ratio, so that the stainless steel matrix is directly exposed to a hydraulic medium to cause irreversible hydrogen evolution corrosion reaction and seriously shorten the service life of a device, on the other hand, the support column formed by traditional stamping is generally only used as a mechanical support component, the surface of the support column is smooth and lacks a capillary structure, condensate cannot be guided to flow vertically and quickly, a liquid phase circulation path between an upper shell and a lower shell is ruptured, a dry burning phenomenon is easily generated at an evaporation end due to insufficient liquid supply under high heat load, and in addition, the existing packaging process usually adopts brazing or common diffusion welding, pore or non-compact bonding is frequently generated at an interface, so that the contact thermal resistance is large and the support column is easily layered and fails under long-term heat circulation impact. Therefore, a compound vapor chamber and a preparation method thereof are needed to ensure the integrity of a copper layer in a molding process, construct a high-efficiency vertical reflow channel and realize high-strength fusion of interfaces. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a composite vapor chamber with a vertical gradient capillary channel, a preparation process and application thereof, and high-efficiency vertical heat transfer and high-reliability sealing are realized through microstructure design and process control. First aspect: A composite vapor chamber with a vertical gradient capillary channel comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a liquid suction core and a heat transfer working medium; The upper shell and the lower shell are composite plates formed by combining an outer base layer and an inner copper layer, a cavity is formed after the upper shell and the lower shell are combined, the lower shell is provided with a supporting column protruding inwards, and the supporting column is positioned in the cavity and connected with the upper shell; The liquid absorbing cores comprise a first liquid absorbing core, a second liquid absorbing core and a third liquid absorbing core, wherein the first liquid absorbing core is located at one end of the upper shell and is combined with the copper layer of the upper shell, the second liquid absorbing core is located at one end of the lower shell and is combined with the copper layer of the lower shell, the third liquid absorbing core is a circular sleeve pipe and is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting column, one end of the third liquid absorbing core is connected with the first liquid absorbing core, the other end of the third liquid absorbing core is connected with the second liquid absorbing core to form a heat transfer working medium backflow channel penetrating through the upper shell and the lower shell, and the heat transfer working medium is located in the cavity. The invention changes the support column from a simple structural member into a three-in-one assembly of a structure, a heat transfer and a heat transfer working medium channel by arranging a third liquid suction core, namely a unique design of a circular sleeve support column. Further, a continuous heat transfer working medium reflux channel from the first liquid suction core to the third liquid suction core at the periphery of the support column to the second liquid suction core is constructed through the third liquid suction core, and the conti