CN-122028509-A - Laminated solar cell, preparation method thereof, photovoltaic module, system, power utilization device and power generation device

Abstract

The application relates to a laminated solar cell and a preparation method thereof, a photovoltaic module, a system, an electric device and a power generation device, wherein the laminated solar cell comprises a first cell part, a composite layer and a second cell part which are arranged in a laminated way, the composite layer is located between the first battery part and the second battery part, the composite layer comprises an insulating porous layer and conductive particles, the insulating porous layer is provided with a through hole communicated with the first battery part and the second battery part, and the conductive particles are filled in the through hole. The laminated solar cell has high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Inventors

• Pan Haixi
• ZHANG ZHICHENG
• ZHOU HONGMEI
• ZHOU ZICHUN
• Request for anonymity
• OUYANG CHUYING

Assignees

• 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20241112

Claims (20)

1. 1. The laminated solar cell is characterized by comprising a first cell part, a composite layer and a second cell part which are arranged in a laminated mode, wherein the composite layer is positioned between the first cell part and the second cell part, the composite layer comprises an insulating porous layer and conductive particles, the insulating porous layer is provided with a through hole communicated with the first cell part and the second cell part, and the conductive particles are filled in the through hole.
2. 2. The laminated solar cell of claim 1, wherein the material of the insulating porous layer comprises one or more of alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, borosilicate glass, silica, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyimide, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
3. 3. The laminated solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the insulating porous layer is an insulating porous template of unitary construction.
4. 4. The laminated solar cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the insulating porous layer has a thickness of 1nm to 20nm.
5. 5. The laminated solar cell according to claim 4, wherein the insulating porous layer has a thickness of 5nm to 10nm.
6. 6. The laminated solar cell according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, wherein the insulating porous layer has a porosity of 1% -78.5%.
7. 7. The laminated solar cell according to claim 6, wherein the insulating porous layer has a porosity of 20% -78.5%.
8. 8. The laminated solar cell according to any one of claims 1,2, 5, 7, wherein the aperture of the through hole is 10nm to 15nm.
9. 9. The laminated solar cell according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, and 7, wherein the conductive particles have an average particle diameter of 1nm to 15nm.
10. 10. The laminated solar cell according to claim 9, wherein the conductive particles have an average particle diameter of 1nm to 5nm.
11. 11. The laminated solar cell according to any one of claims 1,2, 5, 7, 10, wherein the material of the conductive particles comprises one or more of a transparent conductive oxide, a carbon material, and a metal.
12. 12. The laminated solar cell according to claim 11, wherein at least one of the following (1) to (3) is satisfied: (1) The transparent conductive oxide comprises one or more of indium tin oxide, lanthanide metal doped indium oxide, fluorine doped tin oxide, antimony doped tin oxide, boron doped zinc oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, indium zinc oxide, gallium zinc oxide and indium tungsten oxide; (2) The carbon material comprises one or more of graphite, graphene and carbon nanotubes; (3) The metal comprises Au, ag, cu, al, ni, cr, bi, pt, mg, mo, W simple substances or alloys thereof.
13. 13. The laminated solar cell according to any one of claims 1,2, 5, 7, 10, and 12, wherein the first cell portion includes a first electrode, a first carrier transport layer, a first light absorption layer, and a second carrier transport layer that are laminated, the composite layer is disposed on a side of the second carrier transport layer facing away from the first light absorption layer, the first carrier transport layer is disposed on a side of the first light absorption layer facing away from the second carrier transport layer, the first electrode is disposed on a side of the first carrier transport layer facing away from the first light absorption layer, and one of the first carrier transport layer and the second carrier transport layer is an electron transport layer, and the other is a hole transport layer.
14. 14. The laminated solar cell according to claim 13, wherein the second cell portion includes a third carrier transport layer, a second light absorption layer, a fourth carrier transport layer, and a second electrode that are laminated, the third carrier transport layer being provided on a side of the composite layer facing away from the second carrier transport layer, the second light absorption layer being provided on a side of the third carrier transport layer facing away from the composite layer, the fourth carrier transport layer being provided on a side of the second light absorption layer facing away from the third carrier transport layer, the second electrode being provided on a side of the fourth carrier transport layer facing away from the second light absorption layer, one of the third carrier transport layer and the fourth carrier transport layer being an electron transport layer, and the other being a hole transport layer.
15. 15. The laminated solar cell according to claim 14, wherein the band gap of the first light absorbing layer is 1.6 ev-1.9 ev and the band gap of the second light absorbing layer is 1.1 ev-1.3 ev.
16. 16. The laminated solar cell according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the first light absorbing layer and the second light absorbing layer each comprise a perovskite material.
17. 17. A method of fabricating a tandem solar cell comprising the steps of: Preparing a composite layer on the first cell portion; preparing a second cell portion on a surface of the composite layer facing away from the first cell portion; the composite layer comprises an insulating porous layer and conductive particles, the insulating porous layer is provided with a through hole communicated with the first battery part and the second battery part, and the conductive particles are filled in the through hole.
18. 18. The method of manufacturing a stacked solar cell as claimed in claim 17, wherein said manufacturing a composite layer on the first cell portion comprises the steps of: Preparing an insulating porous layer on the first battery part; And applying slurry containing the conductive particles on the insulating porous layer, enabling the conductive particles in the slurry to enter the through holes, and drying.
19. 19. The method of manufacturing a stacked solar cell as claimed in claim 18, wherein the step of manufacturing an insulating porous layer on the first cell portion comprises the steps of: providing an insulating porous template having through holes; The insulating porous template is placed on the first battery portion as the insulating porous layer.
20. 20. A photovoltaic module comprising one or more of the laminated solar cell of any one of claims 1 to 16 and the laminated solar cell produced by the method of producing a laminated solar cell of any one of claims 17 to 19.

Description

Laminated solar cell, preparation method thereof, photovoltaic module, system, power utilization device and power generation device Technical Field The application relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to a laminated solar cell, a preparation method thereof, a photovoltaic module, a system, an electric device and a power generation device. Background With the rapid development of new energy fields, solar cells have been widely used in the fields of aerospace, industry, commerce, agriculture, communications, and the like. Perovskite solar cells (perovskite solar cells) are devices for converting solar energy into electric energy by using a photoelectric conversion mechanism of perovskite crystal materials, are the current third-generation solar cells, and have various advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple manufacturing process, low production cost and the like, and have been studied in a large number in recent years. The laminated solar cell is a cell structure formed by laminating perovskite solar cells with different band gap widths with perovskite solar cells or crystalline silicon solar cells and connecting the perovskite solar cells or crystalline silicon solar cells through a composite layer. By overlapping solar cells with different band gap widths, the solar light utilization rate can be improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cells can be improved. With the rapid development of solar cell technology, higher requirements are also being placed on the performance of stacked solar cells. How to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a stacked solar cell has become one of the important research methods in the art. Disclosure of Invention The present application has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a laminated solar cell having high photoelectric conversion efficiency, a method for producing the same, a photovoltaic module, a system, an electric device, and a power generation device. In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides a laminated solar cell including a first cell portion, a composite layer, and a second cell portion that are laminated, the composite layer being located between the first cell portion and the second cell portion, the composite layer including an insulating porous layer having a through hole communicating the first cell portion and the second cell portion, and conductive particles filled in the through hole. The laminated solar cell adopts the insulating porous layer and the conductive particles to form a composite layer. The insulating porous layer is arranged, so that the composite layer has lower transverse conductivity, the battery has larger parallel resistance Rsh, and the through holes communicated with the first battery part and the second battery part are filled with conductive particles, so that the battery has higher longitudinal conductivity, and carriers can be quickly composited and annihilated in the composite layer. Further, by the limitation of the insulating porous layer, the contact area of the conductive particles with the two battery parts can be reduced, which is advantageous in improving the open circuit voltage Voc and the fill factor FF of the battery. In addition, compared with the method for forming the composite layer by simply adopting the conductive particles, the method can limit the conductive particles by arranging the insulating porous layer, can ensure that the conductive particles are uniformly dispersed, and can solve the problems that partial areas are not paved due to the aggregation of the conductive particles in the preparation process, the carrier recombination is incomplete, a reverse electric field occurs, solution permeation occurs in the subsequent film preparation process, and the electric resistance is increased due to the aggregation of the conductive particles in other areas, so that the FF of the battery is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is affected. In any embodiment, the material of the insulating porous layer includes one or more of alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, borosilicate glass, silica, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyimide, and polytetrafluoroethylene. In this way, the composite layer can be made to have a lower lateral conductivity. In any embodiment, the insulating porous layer is an insulating porous template of unitary construction. Thus, the preparation process of the battery is facilitated to be simplified, and the distribution of the through holes in the insulating porous layer is facilitated to be controlled. In any embodiment, the thickness of the insulating porous layer is 1nm to 20nm. Thus, the composite layer has better carrier recombination rate, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is improved. In any embodiment, the thickness of the insulating porous layer is 5nm