CN-122028548-A - Thin film photovoltaic cell, thin film photovoltaic module and laminated photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application provides a thin-film photovoltaic cell, a thin-film photovoltaic module and a laminated photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaics. The thin film photovoltaic cell comprises a transparent electrode, a plurality of first grid lines, a plurality of first insulating layers, a battery unit, a back electrode and at least one second grid line. The first grid lines, the first insulating layers and the battery units are all arranged on one side of the transparent electrode. The first grid lines are sequentially arranged at intervals along the first direction and respectively contact with the first insulating layers. In the contacted first insulating layer and first grid lines, the first insulating layer covers one side of the first grid lines facing away from the transparent electrode and covers one side of the first grid lines facing the other first grid lines in the first direction. The battery cells are filled between two adjacent first insulating layers. The back electrode is positioned on one side of the plurality of first insulating layers, which is opposite to the transparent electrode, and covers the plurality of first insulating layers and the battery cells. The second grid line is arranged on one side of the back electrode, which is opposite to the transparent electrode. The output power is improved, and the processing cost is reduced.

Inventors

• BI KUN
• WANG SHUO
• LIU DETAO
• PENG YONG
• HOU ZHAOZHENG
• LIU YUNFENG
• HUANG BONING

Assignees

• 华为技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260113

Claims (18)

1. 1. The thin-film photovoltaic cell is characterized by comprising a transparent electrode, a plurality of first grid lines, a plurality of first insulating layers, a battery unit, a back electrode and at least one second grid line, wherein the first grid lines, the first insulating layers and the battery unit are arranged on one side of the transparent electrode in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode; The plurality of first grid lines are sequentially arranged at intervals along a first direction, one first insulating layer is in contact with one first grid line, in the contacted first insulating layer and the first grid lines, the first insulating layer covers one side, facing away from the transparent electrode, of the first grid lines, covers one side, facing the other first grid line, of the first grid lines in the first direction, the battery cells are filled between two adjacent first insulating layers, the back electrode is located on one side, facing away from the transparent electrode, of the plurality of first insulating layers, covers the plurality of first insulating layers and the battery cells, the at least one second grid line is arranged on one side, facing away from the transparent electrode, of the back electrode, and the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
2. 2. The thin-film photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein the first grid line has a dimension greater than the dimension of the cell in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
3. 3. The thin-film photovoltaic cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a projection of one of the second grid lines in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode overlaps a projection of one of the first grid lines in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
4. 4. The thin film photovoltaic cell of any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a third grid line disposed on a side of the transparent electrode facing the first grid line and disposed perpendicularly across the first grid line, the third grid line passing through a first insulating layer in contact with the first grid line and in contact with the first grid line in the first direction.
5. 5. The thin-film photovoltaic cell of claim 4, wherein the dimension of the third grid line in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode is equal to the dimension of the first grid line in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
6. 6. The thin film photovoltaic cell of claim 4 or 5, wherein the projected area of the third grid line along the first direction is smaller than the projected area of the first grid line along the second direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction of the transparent electrode are perpendicular to each other.
7. 7. The thin film photovoltaic cell of claim 6, wherein the number of third grid lines is plural, and in the second direction, the plural third grid lines are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the number of third grid lines is larger than the number of first grid lines.
8. 8. The thin-film photovoltaic cell of any of claims 4 to 7, wherein the cell comprises a plurality of sub-cells, one of the sub-cells being located on one side of the third grid line and the other of the sub-cells being located on the other side of the third grid line in a second direction, the first direction, the second direction, and a thickness direction of the transparent electrode being perpendicular to each other, and further comprising a second insulating layer at least partially disposed between and in contact with the sub-cells and the third grid line.
9. 9. The thin-film photovoltaic cell of claim 8, wherein in the contacted second insulating layer and third gate line, the second insulating layer also covers a side of the third gate line facing away from the transparent electrode, and the back electrode also covers a side of the second insulating layer facing away from the transparent electrode.
10. 10. The thin-film photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a first bus bar disposed on one side of the plurality of first gate lines in a second direction and in contact with the plurality of first gate lines, the first direction, the second direction, and a thickness direction of the transparent electrode being perpendicular to each other.
11. 11. The thin film photovoltaic cell of any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the number of second grid lines is plural, and the plural second grid lines are sequentially equidistantly arranged along the first direction.
12. 12. The thin-film photovoltaic cell of claim 11, further comprising a fourth grid line disposed on a side of the back electrode facing away from the transparent electrode and perpendicularly intersecting the second grid line, the second grid line contacting the fourth grid line on a side of the first direction.
13. 13. The thin film photovoltaic cell of claim 12, wherein the projected area of the fourth grid line along the first direction is smaller than the projected area of the second grid line along the second direction, and wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the thickness direction of the transparent electrode are perpendicular to each other.
14. 14. The thin film photovoltaic cell of claim 13, wherein the number of fourth grid lines is plural, and in the second direction, the plural fourth grid lines are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the number of fourth grid lines is larger than the number of second grid lines.
15. 15. The thin film photovoltaic cell of any of claims 11-14, further comprising a second bus bar disposed on one side of and in contact with a plurality of the second grid lines in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.
16. 16. A thin film photovoltaic module comprising a plurality of thin film photovoltaic cells according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein a first grid line of one of the thin film photovoltaic cells is electrically connected to a second or first grid line of another of the thin film photovoltaic cells.
17. 17. A laminated photovoltaic module, characterized in that the laminated photovoltaic module comprises the thin film photovoltaic cell, an encapsulation layer and a photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode, the encapsulation layer and the photovoltaic cell are sequentially arranged on one side of the second grid line, which is opposite to the transparent electrode.
18. 18. The laminated photovoltaic module according to claim 17, wherein the photovoltaic cell is a crystalline silicon cell, the photovoltaic cell includes a cell body and an electrode grid line, the electrode grid line is disposed on one side of the cell body in a thickness direction of the transparent electrode, and a projection of the electrode grid line in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode overlaps with a projection of the first grid line in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode; or the projection of the electrode grid line along the thickness direction of the transparent electrode is overlapped with the projection of the second grid line along the thickness direction of the transparent electrode.

Description

Thin film photovoltaic cell, thin film photovoltaic module and laminated photovoltaic module Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a thin-film photovoltaic cell, a thin-film photovoltaic module and a laminated photovoltaic module. Background In the existing processing process of the thin film photovoltaic cell, a transparent material is covered on a substrate, a plurality of transparent electrodes are formed by scribing the transparent material through laser, a battery unit is covered on the transparent material, a groove is formed in the battery unit through the laser, a back electrode is covered on the battery unit, and the back electrode fills the groove and is contacted with one transparent electrode to form the thin film photovoltaic cell. In the processing process of the thin film photovoltaic cell, the cell unit is easy to damage, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin film photovoltaic cell is low. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a thin film photovoltaic cell, a thin film photovoltaic module and a laminated photovoltaic module, and aims to solve the technical problem of low photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin film photovoltaic cell. In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a thin film photovoltaic cell. The thin film photovoltaic cell comprises a transparent electrode, a plurality of first grid lines, a plurality of first insulating layers, a battery unit, a back electrode and at least one second grid line. In the thickness direction of the transparent electrode, the plurality of first grid lines, the plurality of first insulating layers and the battery unit are all arranged on one side of the transparent electrode. The first grid lines are sequentially arranged at intervals along the first direction, and one first insulating layer is in contact with one first grid line. In the contacted first insulating layer and first grid lines, the first insulating layer covers one side of the first grid lines facing away from the transparent electrode and covers one side of the first grid lines facing the other first grid lines in the first direction. In the first direction, the battery cells are filled between two adjacent first insulating layers. The back electrode is positioned on one side of the plurality of first insulating layers, which is away from the transparent electrode, and covers the plurality of first insulating layers and the battery cells. At least one second grid line is arranged on one side of the back electrode, which is back to the transparent electrode. The first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the transparent electrode. In the thin film photovoltaic cell provided by the embodiment of the application, light can be injected into the cell unit through the transparent electrode, the cell unit can absorb light and generate electrons and holes, one of the electrons and the holes flows to the transparent electrode, and the other flows to the back electrode, so that the thin film photovoltaic cell can generate photocurrent. In the processing process of the thin film photovoltaic cell provided by the embodiment of the application, a plurality of first grid lines are arranged on the transparent electrode, a first insulating layer is arranged outside the plurality of first grid lines, battery cells are filled between two adjacent first insulating layers, the back electrode is covered on the battery cells and the plurality of first insulating layers, and a second grid line is arranged on the back electrode, so that the thin film photovoltaic cell can be formed. In the processing process of the thin film photovoltaic cell, the condition that the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output power of the thin film photovoltaic cell are reduced due to the damage of the laser processing to the battery unit can be avoided, the effective area of the thin film photovoltaic cell is increased, the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output power of the thin film photovoltaic cell are improved, the laser processing can be avoided, and the processing cost is reduced. Further, the current transferred in the transparent electrode may be collected through a plurality of first gate lines, the current transferred in the back electrode may be collected through at least one second gate line, and the thin film photovoltaic cell outputs a photocurrent through the first gate lines and the second gate lines. The current in the transparent electrode (back electrode) is collected through the first grid line (second grid line), the current in the transparent electrode (back electrode) can be conveyed to the first grid line (second grid line) along the thickness direction of the transparent electrode, and then conveyed to an external device along the first grid line (or the second grid line) along the direction perpendicular to the first direction and the t