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CN-122028549-A - Thin film photovoltaic cell, thin film photovoltaic module and laminated photovoltaic module

CN122028549ACN 122028549 ACN122028549 ACN 122028549ACN-122028549-A

Abstract

The application provides a thin-film photovoltaic cell, a thin-film photovoltaic module and a laminated photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaics. The thin film photovoltaic cell comprises a transparent electrode, a plurality of first grid lines, a plurality of insulating layers, a cell unit, a back electrode and a second grid line. In the thickness direction of the transparent electrode, the first grid lines, the insulating layers and the battery cells are all arranged on one side of the transparent electrode. The first grid lines are sequentially arranged at intervals along the first direction. An insulating layer is in contact with a first gate line. In the contacted insulating layer and the first gate line, the insulating layer covers at least one side of the first gate line facing the other insulating layer in the first direction. In the first direction, the battery cells are filled between two adjacent insulating layers. The back electrode and the second grid line are sequentially arranged on one side of the battery unit, which is back to the transparent electrode. The output power of the thin film photovoltaic cell is improved, laser processing is avoided, processing cost is reduced, and the thin film photovoltaic cell is convenient to miniaturize.

Inventors

  • BI KUN
  • WANG SHUO
  • LIU DETAO
  • HOU ZHAOZHENG
  • LIU YUNFENG
  • HUANG BONING

Assignees

  • 华为技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260113

Claims (18)

  1. 1. The thin-film photovoltaic cell is characterized by comprising a transparent electrode, a plurality of first grid lines, a plurality of insulating layers, a battery unit, a back electrode and a second grid line, wherein the first grid lines, the insulating layers and the battery unit are all arranged on one side of the transparent electrode in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode; The plurality of first grid lines are sequentially arranged at intervals along a first direction, one insulating layer is in contact with one first grid line, in the insulating layer and the first grid lines which are in contact, the insulating layer at least covers one side, facing the other insulating layer, of the first grid lines in the first direction, the battery cells are filled between the two adjacent insulating layers, the back electrode and the second grid lines are sequentially arranged on one side, facing away from the transparent electrode, of the battery cells, and the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
  2. 2. The thin film photovoltaic cell of claim 1, wherein the number of the battery cells, the number of the back electrodes and the number of the second grid lines are all plural, one battery cell is filled between two adjacent insulating layers, one back electrode covers one side of the battery cell facing away from the transparent electrode, and at least one second grid line is disposed on one side of the back electrode facing away from the transparent electrode.
  3. 3. The thin-film photovoltaic cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first grid line has a size larger than that of the cell unit in a thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
  4. 4. A thin film photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the back electrode is made of a transparent conductive material.
  5. 5. The thin-film photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a distance from the transparent electrode on a side of the second grid line facing away from the transparent electrode in a thickness direction of the transparent electrode is greater than or equal to a size of the first grid line.
  6. 6. The thin film photovoltaic cell of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein in adjacent two of said insulating layers and a second gate line between adjacent two of said insulating layers, a distance of said second gate line from one of said insulating layers is equal to a distance of said second gate line from the other of said insulating layers in said first direction.
  7. 7. The thin film photovoltaic cell of any of claims 1-6, wherein the first grid line is spaced from one side edge of the thin film photovoltaic cell and the second grid line is spaced from the other side edge of the thin film photovoltaic cell in a direction perpendicular to both the thickness direction of the transparent electrode and the first direction.
  8. 8. The thin film photovoltaic cell of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the insulating layer and the first grid line in contact, the insulating layer also covers a side of the first grid line facing away from the transparent electrode.
  9. 9. The thin film photovoltaic cell of any of claims 1-8, further comprising a first bus bar disposed on one side of and in contact with the plurality of first grid lines in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  10. 10. The thin-film photovoltaic cell according to claim 9, wherein the first bus bar is disposed on a side of the plurality of first gate lines facing away from the transparent electrode and is spaced apart from the second gate lines in a thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
  11. 11. The thin-film photovoltaic cell of claim 10, further comprising a first insulator disposed between the second grid line and the first bus bar in a thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
  12. 12. The thin-film photovoltaic cell according to claim 10 or 11, further comprising a first conductor disposed between the first grid line and the first bus bar in a thickness direction of the transparent electrode, a dimension of the first conductor in the first direction being larger than a dimension of the first grid line in the first direction.
  13. 13. The thin-film photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 10 to 12, further comprising a second bus bar provided on a side of the second gate line facing away from the transparent electrode and spaced apart from the plurality of first gate lines in a thickness direction of the transparent electrode.
  14. 14. The thin-film photovoltaic cell according to claim 13, wherein the number of the first bus bars and the number of the second bus bars are each plural, and the plural first bus bars and the plural second bus bars are alternately arranged in order in a direction perpendicular to both the thickness direction of the transparent electrode and the first direction.
  15. 15. The thin-film photovoltaic cell of claim 13 or 14, wherein in the first direction the first buss bar is spaced from one side edge of the thin-film photovoltaic cell and the second buss bar is spaced from the other side edge of the thin-film photovoltaic cell.
  16. 16. A thin film photovoltaic module comprising a plurality of thin film photovoltaic cells according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein a first grid line of one of the thin film photovoltaic cells is electrically connected to a second or first grid line of another of the thin film photovoltaic cells.
  17. 17. A laminated photovoltaic module, characterized in that the laminated photovoltaic module comprises the thin film photovoltaic cell, an encapsulation layer and a photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode, the encapsulation layer and the photovoltaic cell are sequentially arranged on one side of the second grid line, which is opposite to the transparent electrode.
  18. 18. The laminated photovoltaic module according to claim 17, wherein the photovoltaic cell includes a cell body and an electrode grid line, the electrode grid line is provided on one side of the cell body in a thickness direction of the transparent electrode, and a projection of the electrode grid line in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode overlaps with a projection of the first grid line in the thickness direction of the transparent electrode; or the projection of the electrode grid line along the thickness direction of the transparent electrode is overlapped with the projection of the second grid line along the thickness direction of the transparent electrode.

Description

Thin film photovoltaic cell, thin film photovoltaic module and laminated photovoltaic module Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a thin-film photovoltaic cell, a thin-film photovoltaic module and a laminated photovoltaic module. Background In the existing processing process of the thin film photovoltaic cell, a transparent material is covered on a substrate, a plurality of transparent electrodes are formed by scribing the transparent material through laser, a battery unit is covered on the transparent material, a groove is formed in the battery unit through the laser, a back electrode is covered on the battery unit, and the back electrode fills the groove and is contacted with one transparent electrode to form the thin film photovoltaic cell. In the processing process of the thin film photovoltaic cell, the cell unit is easy to damage, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin film photovoltaic cell is low. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a thin film photovoltaic cell, a thin film photovoltaic module and a laminated photovoltaic module, and aims to solve the technical problem of low photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin film photovoltaic cell. In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a thin film photovoltaic cell. The thin film photovoltaic cell comprises a transparent electrode, a plurality of first grid lines, a plurality of insulating layers, a cell unit, a back electrode and a second grid line. In the thickness direction of the transparent electrode, the first grid lines, the insulating layers and the battery cells are all arranged on one side of the transparent electrode. The first grid lines are sequentially arranged at intervals along the first direction. An insulating layer is in contact with a first gate line. In the contacted insulating layer and the first gate line, the insulating layer covers at least one side of the first gate line facing the other insulating layer in the first direction. In the first direction, the battery cells are filled between two adjacent insulating layers. The back electrode and the second grid line are sequentially arranged on one side of the battery unit, which is back to the transparent electrode, and the first direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the transparent electrode. In the thin film photovoltaic cell provided by the embodiment of the application, light can be injected into the cell unit through the transparent electrode, the cell unit can absorb light and generate electrons and holes, one of the electrons and the holes flows to the transparent electrode, and the other flows to the back electrode, so that the thin film photovoltaic cell can generate photocurrent. In the processing process of the thin film photovoltaic cell provided by the embodiment of the application, a plurality of first grid lines are arranged on the transparent electrode, insulating layers are arranged outside the first grid lines, battery cells are filled between two adjacent insulating layers, a back electrode is covered on the battery cells, and a second grid line is arranged on the back electrode, so that the thin film photovoltaic cell can be formed. In the processing process of the thin film photovoltaic cell, the condition that the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output power of the thin film photovoltaic cell are reduced due to the damage of the laser processing to the battery unit can be avoided, the effective area of the thin film photovoltaic cell is increased, the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output power of the thin film photovoltaic cell are improved, the laser processing can be avoided, and the processing cost is reduced. In addition, the current transmitted in the transparent electrode may be collected through a plurality of first gate lines, the current transmitted in the back electrode may be collected through a second gate line, and the thin film photovoltaic cell outputs photocurrent through the first gate line and the second gate line. The current in the transparent electrode (back electrode) is collected through the first grid line (the second grid line), the current can be prevented from being transmitted to one end of the transparent electrode (back electrode) along the first direction in the transparent electrode (back electrode), the current in the transparent electrode (back electrode) can be transmitted to the first grid line (the second grid line) along the thickness direction of the transparent electrode, and then the current is transmitted to an external device along the first grid line (or the second grid line) along the direction perpendicular to the first direction and the thickness direction of the transparent electrode, long-distance transmission of the current in the transparent electrode (back electrode) along the direction perpendicular to the first direction and the thickness