CN-122028583-A - Solar cell based on exciton fission mechanism and preparation method of solar cell

Abstract

The application discloses a solar cell based on an exciton fission mechanism and a preparation method of the solar cell, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics. The solar cell comprises an electron transport layer, a light absorption layer, a hole transport layer and an electrode which are arranged in a stacked mode, wherein the light absorption layer comprises a perovskite film and exciton fission materials which are uniformly distributed on the perovskite film. Because the exciton fission material is doped in the perovskite film, the exciton fission material is cooperatively embedded or distributed in the interior of crystal grains and the crystal boundary in the perovskite crystal forming process, and a composite light absorption layer with exciton fission capacity is constructed. The composite structure can realize that a single high-energy photon excites two carriers through exciton fission, so that the photon utilization rate of the solar cell is improved.

Inventors

• ZHANG JINXIA
• WANG JIXUE
• LI XIAOLEI
• TAN HAIREN
• Zhong Zhehan
• HAO LIZHONG
• ZHOU YUHAN
• LI RUITENG

Assignees

• 电力规划总院有限公司
• 南京大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20250527

Claims (10)

1. 1. A solar cell based on an exciton fission mechanism, wherein the solar cell comprises an electron transport layer, a light absorption layer, a hole transport layer and an electrode which are arranged in a stacked manner, wherein the light absorption layer comprises a perovskite thin film and exciton fission materials uniformly distributed on the perovskite thin film.
2. 2. The exciton fission mechanism based solar cell of claim 1 wherein the exciton fission material comprises at least one of pentacene and its derivatives, tetracene and its derivatives, dianthracenes, or other materials with exciton fission capabilities besides the pentacene and its derivatives, the tetracene and its derivatives, the dianthracenes.
3. 3. The exciton fission mechanism based solar cell of claim 2 wherein the perovskite active material of the perovskite thin film is of three-dimensional perovskite structure having the general formula ABX 3 ; Wherein, A comprises one of cesium, formamidine and methylamine or a mixture of a plurality of cesium, formamidine and methylamine; b comprises one of lead and tin, or a mixture of lead and tin; c comprises one of chlorine, bromine and iodine or a mixture of a plurality of chlorine, bromine and iodine.
4. 4. A method of manufacturing a solar cell, the method comprising: Obtaining a first solvent, wherein the first solvent comprises DMF and DMSO; Mixing the first solvent with an exciton fissile material to obtain a second solvent; mixing the second solvent with a perovskite active material to obtain a precursor solution; spin-coating the precursor solution on the electron transport layer to form a light absorption layer; and stacking the electron transport layer, the light absorption layer, the hole transport layer and the electrode to obtain the solar cell.
5. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the exciton-fissile material comprises at least one of pentacene and its derivatives, tetracene and its derivatives, dianthracenes, or other exciton-fissile materials in addition to the pentacene and its derivatives, the tetracene and its derivatives, the dianthracenes.
6. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the perovskite active material has a three-dimensional perovskite structure having the general formula ABX 3 ; Wherein, A comprises one of cesium, formamidine and methylamine or a mixture of a plurality of cesium, formamidine and methylamine; b comprises one of lead and tin, or a mixture of lead and tin; c comprises one of chlorine, bromine and iodine or a mixture of a plurality of chlorine, bromine and iodine.
7. 7. The method of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein spin coating the precursor solution on the electron transport layer to form a light absorbing layer comprises: Dropwise adding the precursor solution into the electron transport layer; Carrying out first spin coating on the precursor solution on the electron transport layer at a first rotating speed, wherein the duration of the first spin coating is 6s-10s, and the first rotating speed is 800rpm-1200rpm; carrying out second spin coating on the precursor solution on the electron transport layer at a second rotating speed, wherein the duration of the second spin coating is 25s-35s, and the second rotating speed is 3500rpm-4500rpm; and annealing the electron transport layer after the second spin coating is completed to form the light absorption layer on the electron transport layer.
8. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein, before annealing the electron transport layer after the second spin-coating is completed, the method further comprises: and dropwise adding an antisolvent anisole on the surface of the coating of the electron transport layer within 8-12 s before the second spin coating process is finished.
9. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein annealing the electron transport layer after the second spin-coating is completed to form the light absorbing layer on the electron transport layer, comprises: And annealing the electron transport layer after the second spin coating is completed in a first temperature interval, and forming the light absorption layer on the electron transport layer, wherein the first temperature interval is 100-120 ℃.
10. 10. The method of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the volume ratio between the DMF and DMSO in the first solvent is 4:1 to 9:1, and the exciton fissile material in the second solvent is present in an amount of 0.08mg/mL to 0.12mg/mL.

Description

Solar cell based on exciton fission mechanism and preparation method of solar cell Technical Field The application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, and particularly relates to a solar cell based on an exciton fission mechanism and a preparation method of the solar cell. Background Perovskite solar cells have been rapidly developed in the photovoltaic field in recent years due to their excellent light absorption capability, high carrier mobility, long diffusion distance, and low cost solution processing characteristics. Although the performance of perovskite solar cells is continuously improved, the current perovskite solar cells are mainly subjected to a single exciton excitation-separation-transmission process, the utilization efficiency of high-energy photons is limited, the theoretical efficiency limit (about 33%) of a single junction device cannot be broken through, and further development space is limited. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the application aims to provide a solar cell based on an exciton fission mechanism and a preparation method of the solar cell, which can solve the problem that the current perovskite solar cell has low photon utilization efficiency. In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a solar cell based on an exciton fission mechanism, where the solar cell includes an electron transport layer, a light absorption layer, a hole transport layer, and an electrode that are stacked, and the light absorption layer includes a perovskite thin film and an exciton fission material uniformly distributed on the perovskite thin film. Optionally, the exciton-fissile material comprises at least one of pentacene and its derivatives, tetracene and its derivatives, dianthracenes, or other materials with exciton-fissile capability in addition to the pentacene and its derivatives, the tetracene and its derivatives, the dianthracenes. Optionally, the perovskite active material of the perovskite film has a three-dimensional perovskite structure, and the general formula of the perovskite active material is ABX 3; Wherein, A comprises one of cesium, formamidine and methylamine or a mixture of a plurality of cesium, formamidine and methylamine; b comprises one of lead and tin, or a mixture of lead and tin; c comprises one of chlorine, bromine and iodine or a mixture of a plurality of chlorine, bromine and iodine. In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell, including: Obtaining a first solvent, wherein the first solvent comprises DMF and DMSO; Mixing the first solvent with an exciton fissile material to obtain a second solvent; mixing the second solvent with a perovskite active material to obtain a precursor solution; spin-coating the precursor solution on the electron transport layer to form a light absorption layer; and stacking the electron transport layer, the light absorption layer, the hole transport layer and the electrode to obtain the solar cell. Optionally, the exciton-fissile material comprises at least one of pentacene and its derivatives, tetracene and its derivatives, dianthracenes, or other materials with exciton-fissile capability in addition to the pentacene and its derivatives, the tetracene and its derivatives, the dianthracenes. Optionally, the perovskite active material has a three-dimensional perovskite structure, and the general formula of the perovskite active material is ABX 3; Wherein, A comprises one of cesium, formamidine and methylamine or a mixture of a plurality of cesium, formamidine and methylamine; b comprises one of lead and tin, or a mixture of lead and tin; c comprises one of chlorine, bromine and iodine or a mixture of a plurality of chlorine, bromine and iodine. Optionally, spin-coating the precursor solution on the electron transport layer to form a light absorption layer, including: Dropwise adding the precursor solution into the electron transport layer; Carrying out first spin coating on the precursor solution on the electron transport layer at a first rotating speed, wherein the duration of the first spin coating is 6s-10s, and the first rotating speed is 800rpm-1200rpm; Performing second spin coating on the precursor solution on the electron transport layer at a second rotating speed, wherein the duration of the second spin coating is 25s-35s, and the second rotating speed is 3500rpm-4500rpm; and annealing the electron transport layer after the second spin coating is completed to form the light absorption layer on the electron transport layer. Optionally, before annealing the electron transport layer after the second spin-coating is completed and forming the light absorbing layer on the electron transport layer, the method further includes: and dropwise adding an antisolvent anisole on the surface of the coating of the electron transport layer within 8-12 s before the second spin coating process is finished. Optionally, annealing the electron tran