CN-122028585-A - Perovskite battery and preparation method thereof, photovoltaic module, power generation device and power utilization device

Abstract

The application provides a perovskite battery, a preparation method thereof, a photovoltaic module, a power generation device and a power utilization device. The perovskite battery comprises a first electrode, a functional layer, a perovskite layer and a second electrode which are arranged in a stacked mode, wherein the functional layer is arranged between the first electrode and the perovskite layer, the functional layer comprises a hole transport organic matter, the surface of at least one side of the perovskite layer is provided with a hole structure, the maximum pore diameter of the hole structure is smaller than or equal to 30 mu m, and the area occupied by the hole structure is smaller than or equal to 0.5% based on the area of the surface of at least one side of the perovskite layer. The energy conversion efficiency of the perovskite battery is further improved.

Inventors

• LIN ZUCHAO
• SU SHUOJIAN
• LIANG JIANGHU
• ZHAO GUANGUAN
• LI HANFANG
• LIN XIANGLING
• XIANG LING
• WU TIANLONG
• LIU PENGCHENG

Assignees

• 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20250124

Claims (20)

1. 1. The perovskite battery is characterized by comprising a first electrode, a functional layer, a perovskite layer and a second electrode which are arranged in a stacked manner, wherein the functional layer is positioned between the first electrode and the perovskite layer, and comprises a hole transport organic matter; the surface of at least one side of the perovskite layer is provided with a pore structure, the maximum pore diameter of the pore structure is smaller than or equal to 30 mu m, and the area occupation ratio of the pore structure is smaller than or equal to 0.5 percent based on the area of the surface of at least one side of the perovskite layer.
2. 2. The perovskite battery of claim 1, wherein the pore structure has an area ratio of less than or equal to 0.3% based on an area of at least one side surface of the perovskite layer.
3. 3. A perovskite cell according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the root mean square average of the surface potential of at least one side of the perovskite layer is less than or equal to 12mV.
4. 4. A perovskite battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the functional layer is provided on a surface of the first electrode and the functional layer is in contact with at least part of the first electrode.
5. 5. The perovskite battery of claim 4, wherein the first electrode comprises the hole transporting organic compound on a portion of a surface in contact with the functional layer.
6. 6. The perovskite battery of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the functional layer has a thickness of 1nm to 15nm.
7. 7. The perovskite battery of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a hole transport layer, wherein the functional layer is located between the hole transport layer and the perovskite layer, wherein the functional layer is disposed on a surface of the hole transport layer, and wherein the functional layer is in contact with at least a portion of the hole transport layer.
8. 8. The perovskite battery of claim 7, wherein the hole transport layer comprises the hole transport organic substance on a portion of a surface in contact with the functional layer.
9. 9. The perovskite battery of any one of claims 7-8, wherein the material of the hole transport layer comprises at least one of nickel oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, cuprous oxide, vanadium oxide, cuprous iodide, cuprous thiocyanate, molybdenum sulfide, and doped or passivated derivatives thereof.
10. 10. The perovskite battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the hole transporting organic material comprises at least one of poly [ bis (4-phenyl) (2, 4, 6-trimethylphenyl) amine ], poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -polystyrene sulfonic acid, 2', 7' -tetrakis [ N, N-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) amino ] -9,9' -spirobifluorene, poly-3-hexylthiophene, methoxytriphenylamine-fluoroformamidine, triptycene-nucleated triphenylamine, 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene-methoxytriphenylamine, N-4-aniline carbazole-spirobifluorene, polythiophene, a first organic compound, The first organic compound comprises at least one of the compounds shown in formula I, In the formula I, the compound (I), R 1 includes at least one of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted ether group, a silicon-containing group, and a hydrogen atom; In the case where the above-mentioned groups are substituted with a substituent group, the substituent group includes at least one of an aromatic group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, an amine group, a halogen group, an alkylthio group, an oxygen-containing substituent group, and in the case where the substituent group includes a carbon atom, the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 10; Q represents a hole transporting group; l represents a single bond or a bridging group; a represents a hydrogen atom or an oxygen-containing group; n represents the number of the linking sites of the hole transport group and the R 1 , n is any integer from 1 to 6; m represents the number of linking sites of the hole transporting group and the bridging group, and m is any integer from 1 to 8.
11. 11. The perovskite battery of claim 10, wherein the oxygen-containing substituent group comprises at least one of an alkoxy group, an amide group, a carboxylate group, a phosphate group, a sulfonate group, a silicate group, a borate group, an isocyanate group, a carboxylic acid group, a phosphorous acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a boric acid group, a silicic acid group.
12. 12. The perovskite battery of any one of claims 10-11, wherein the substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl group.
13. 13. The perovskite battery of any one of claims 10-11, wherein the substituted or unsubstituted ether group comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 ether group.
14. 14. The perovskite battery of any one of claims 10-13, wherein the hole transporting group comprises at least one of a substituted or unsubstituted aniline group, a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic group.
15. 15. The perovskite battery of claim 14 wherein the substituted or unsubstituted aniline group includes a structure as shown in formula A 1 , In the formula A 1 , the formula, M 11 and M 12 each independently include a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having a ring-forming number of C5 to C30; m 13 comprises a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having a ring number of C5 to C30; In the case where the above-mentioned groups are substituted with a substituent group, the substituent group includes at least one of an amine group, a halogen group, an alkylthio group, an oxygen-containing substituent group, or an alkyl group, and in the case where the substituent group includes a carbon atom, the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 10.
16. 16. The perovskite battery of any one of claims 14-15, wherein the substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic group comprises a substituted or unsubstituted carbazole group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenothiazine group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenoxazine group, or a substituted or unsubstituted acridine group.
17. 17. The perovskite battery of claim 16 wherein the substituted or unsubstituted carbazole-based group includes a structure represented by formula A 2 , In the formula A 2 , the formula, M 14 comprises a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C30 arylene heterocyclic group; m 15 and M 16 each independently include a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having a ring-forming atom number of C6 to C30, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having a ring-forming atom number of C5 to C30; In the case where the above-mentioned groups are substituted with a substituent group, the substituent group includes at least one of an amine group, a halogen group, an alkylthio group, an oxygen-containing substituent group, or an alkyl group, and in the case where the substituent group includes a carbon atom, the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 10.
18. 18. The perovskite battery of claim 16 wherein the substituted or unsubstituted phenothiazine-type group comprises a structure as shown in formula A 3 , In the formula A 3 , the formula, M 17 comprises a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C30 arylene heterocyclic group; m 18 and M 19 each independently include a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having a ring-forming atom number of C6 to C30, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having a ring-forming atom number of C5 to C30; In the case where the above-mentioned groups are substituted with a substituent group, the substituent group includes at least one of an amine group, a halogen group, an alkylthio group, an oxygen-containing substituent group, or an alkyl group, and in the case where the substituent group includes a carbon atom, the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 10.
19. 19. The perovskite battery of claim 16 wherein the substituted or unsubstituted phenoxazine group includes a structure as shown in formula A 4 , In the formula A 4 , the formula, M 20 comprises a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C30 arylene heterocyclic group; m 21 and M 22 each independently include a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having a ring-forming atom number of C6 to C30, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having a ring-forming atom number of C5 to C30; In the case where the above-mentioned groups are substituted with a substituent group, the substituent group includes at least one of an amine group, a halogen group, an alkylthio group, an oxygen-containing substituent group, or an alkyl group, and in the case where the substituent group includes a carbon atom, the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 10.
20. 20. The perovskite battery of claim 16 wherein the substituted or unsubstituted acridine group comprises a structure as shown in formula A 5 , In the formula A 5 , the formula, M 25 comprises a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C5 to C30 arylene heterocyclic group; M 23 and M 34 each independently include a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having a ring-forming atom number of C6 to C30, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having a ring-forming atom number of C6 to C30; In the case where the above-mentioned groups are substituted with a substituent group, the substituent group includes at least one of an amine group, a halogen group, an alkylthio group, an oxygen-containing substituent group, or an alkyl group, and in the case where the substituent group includes a carbon atom, the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 10.

Description

Perovskite battery and preparation method thereof, photovoltaic module, power generation device and power utilization device Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a perovskite battery, a preparation method thereof, a photovoltaic module, a power generation device and a power utilization device. Background Perovskite solar cells are cells that convert solar energy into electrical energy using perovskite crystalline materials, and have received much attention because of their advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, simple manufacturing process, low production cost, and the like. At present, how to further improve the energy conversion efficiency of perovskite devices is a problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention The present application has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a perovskite battery, which aims to further improve the energy conversion efficiency of the battery. In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a perovskite battery comprising a first electrode, a functional layer, a perovskite layer and a second electrode which are stacked, wherein the functional layer is located between the first electrode and the perovskite layer, the functional layer comprises a hole transporting organic substance, a surface of at least one side of the perovskite layer has a pore structure with a maximum pore diameter of 30 μm or less, and the area of the pore structure is 0.5% or less based on the area of the surface of at least one side of the perovskite layer. The application has the advantages that the compact perovskite layer can reduce the scattering of carriers in the transmission process and reduce non-radiative recombination, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency of the battery. In some embodiments, the pore structure has an area ratio of less than or equal to 0.3% based on the area of at least one side surface of the perovskite layer. Thereby, the energy conversion efficiency of the battery can be further improved. In some embodiments, the root mean square average of the surface potential of at least one side of the perovskite layer is less than or equal to 12mV. In the application, the structural characteristics of the perovskite layer can be reacted by the root mean square average value of the surface potential of the perovskite layer. Thus, the battery of the present application has a dense perovskite layer, and the energy conversion efficiency of the battery can be improved. In some embodiments, the functional layer is disposed on a surface of the first electrode, and the functional layer is in contact with at least a portion of the first electrode. Thus, the functional layer has a hole transport function and can serve as a hole transport layer. In some embodiments, the first electrode includes the hole transporting organic material on a portion of a surface in contact with the functional layer. Therefore, the hole transport organic matter can improve the surface flatness of the first electrode, so that the surface flatness of the functional layer can be improved, and the compactness and uniformity of the perovskite layer can be further improved, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the battery is improved. In some embodiments, the functional layer has a thickness of 1nm to 15nm. Therefore, when the thickness of the functional layer is in the range, holes can be effectively transmitted, and the energy conversion efficiency of the battery is improved. In some embodiments, the perovskite battery further comprises a hole transport layer, the functional layer is located between the hole transport layer and the perovskite layer, the functional layer is disposed on a surface of the hole transport layer, and the functional layer is in contact with at least a portion of the hole transport layer. Therefore, the functional layer can effectively passivate the defects of the perovskite layer, and the energy conversion efficiency of the battery is further improved. The hole transport layer is used as a carrier transport layer, so that holes can be effectively transported, carrier recombination at the interface of the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer is reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency of the battery is improved. In some embodiments, the hole transport layer includes the hole transport organic on a portion of a surface in contact with the functional layer. Therefore, the hole transport organic matter can improve the surface flatness of the hole transport layer, so that the surface flatness of the functional layer can be improved, and the compactness and uniformity of the perovskite layer can be further improved, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the battery is improved. In some embodiments, the material of the hole transport layer comprises at least one of nickel oxide, molybd