Search

CN-122028635-A - Perovskite solar cell, photovoltaic module, power utilization device and power generation device

CN122028635ACN 122028635 ACN122028635 ACN 122028635ACN-122028635-A

Abstract

The application provides a perovskite solar cell, a photovoltaic module, an electricity utilization device and a power generation device. The perovskite solar cell comprises a first electrode, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode, wherein the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode in a stacked mode, and the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of compounds with structures shown in the following formula (I). The perovskite solar cell has higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Inventors

  • ZHONG HONGLIANG
  • WU XUEYUN
  • LI SIYUAN
  • CHEN JUNCHAO
  • JIA BOYU

Assignees

  • 宁德时代未来能源(上海)研究院有限公司
  • 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
  • 上海交通大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20241119

Claims (15)

  1. 1. The perovskite solar cell is characterized by comprising a first electrode, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode, wherein the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode in a stacked mode, and the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of compounds with structures shown in the following formula (I): Wherein, the X comprises S, se or NR 01 ,R 01 comprises C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy or C2-C20 alkylthio; Y 1 、Y 2 each independently comprises O, S, se or NR 02 ,R 02 comprises C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy or C2-C20 alkylthio; each R 1 independently comprises a C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy, or C2-C20 alkylthio group; Each R 2 independently comprises a C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy, or C2-C20 alkylthio group; each Ar independently comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl or a substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl.
  2. 2. The perovskite solar cell of claim 1, wherein each Ar independently comprises a group as follows: X 1 、X 2 、X 3 and X 4 each independently comprise H, halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 oxo, carbonyl, ester, nitro or cyano, Representing the ligation site.
  3. 3. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 2, wherein the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of the compounds of the structure shown in the following formula (I-1): x 1 、X 2 、X 3 and X 4 each independently comprise H, halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 oxy, carbonyl, ester, nitro or cyano.
  4. 4. A perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by one or more of the following features: (1) X comprises S; (2) Y 1 、Y 2 each independently includes S; (3) Each R 1 independently comprises a C5-C15 alkyl group; (4) Each R 2 independently includes a C5-C15 alkyl group.
  5. 5. The perovskite solar cell of claim 1, wherein the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of the following compounds:
  6. 6. the perovskite solar cell of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the electron transport layer has a thickness of 20nm to 30nm.
  7. 7. The perovskite solar cell of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the material of the perovskite layer comprises Cs a FA b MA c Pb d Sn e I f Br g , wherein a is 0 to 0.25, b is 0.75 to 1, c is 0 to 0.1, d is 0.5 to 1, e is 0 to 0.5, f is 2 to 3, and g is 0 to 1.
  8. 8. The perovskite solar cell of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the perovskite layer is disposed between the first electrode and the electron transport layer, the first electrode comprising a transparent conductive electrode.
  9. 9. An organic compound having a structure represented by the following formula (I): Wherein, the X comprises S, se or NR 01 ,R 01 comprises C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy or C2-C20 alkylthio; Y 1 、Y 2 each independently comprises O, S, se or NR 02 ,R 02 comprises C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy or C2-C20 alkylthio; each R 1 independently comprises a C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy, or C2-C20 alkylthio group; Each R 2 independently comprises a C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy, or C2-C20 alkylthio group; each Ar independently comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl or a substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl.
  10. 10. An organic compound according to claim 9, wherein each Ar independently comprises a group as shown below: X 1 、X 2 、X 3 and X 4 each independently comprise H, halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 oxo, carbonyl, ester, nitro or cyano, Representing the ligation site.
  11. 11. The organic compound according to claim 10, comprising one of compounds having a structure represented by the following formula (I-1): x 1 、X 2 、X 3 and X 4 each independently comprise H, halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 oxy, carbonyl, ester, nitro or cyano.
  12. 12. An electron transporting material comprising the organic compound according to any one of claims 9 to 11.
  13. 13. A photovoltaic module comprising the perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the organic compound according to any one of claims 9 to 11, or the electron transporting material according to claim 12.
  14. 14. An electrical device comprising the perovskite solar cell of any one of claims 1 to 8, the organic compound of any one of claims 9 to 11, the electron transport material of claim 12, or the photovoltaic module of claim 13.
  15. 15. A power generation device comprising the perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the organic compound according to any one of claims 9 to 11, the electron transport material according to claim 12, or the photovoltaic module according to claim 13.

Description

Perovskite solar cell, photovoltaic module, power utilization device and power generation device Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a perovskite solar cell, a photovoltaic module, an electricity utilization device and a power generation device. Background Perovskite solar cells (PSCs, perovskite solar cells) are devices for converting solar energy into electric energy by using a photoelectric conversion mechanism of perovskite crystal materials, are the current third-generation solar cells, and have various advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple manufacturing process, low production cost and the like, and have been studied in a large number in recent years. Perovskite solar cells can be classified into a formal (n-i-p) structure and a trans (p-i-n) structure according to the arrangement of the functional layers. The formal structure and the trans-structure have different requirements for charge transport and extraction due to different arrangement of the functional layers, and therefore, the requirements for the materials of the electron transport layers are different. The Y6 material is a non-fullerene acceptor material which is widely applied to organic solar cells. There are methods to attempt structural improvement of Y6 material, provide a polymer type electron transport material with thiophene-modified Y6 as a structural unit, and apply it to perovskite solar cell of trans structure, however, the photoelectric conversion efficiency thereof is still to be further improved. Disclosure of Invention Based on the above, the present application provides a perovskite solar cell having high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and a photovoltaic module, an electric device, and a power generation device including the perovskite solar cell. In a first aspect of the application, a perovskite solar cell is provided, comprising a first electrode, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode, wherein the perovskite layer and the electron transport layer are arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode in a lamination way, and the material of the electron transport layer comprises one or more of compounds with structures shown as the following formula (I): Wherein, the X comprises S, se or NR 01,R01 comprises C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy or C2-C20 alkylthio; Y 1、Y2 each independently comprises O, S, se or NR 02,R02 comprises C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy or C2-C20 alkylthio; each R 1 independently comprises a C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy, or C2-C20 alkylthio group; Each R 2 independently comprises a C2-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkoxy, or C2-C20 alkylthio group; each Ar independently comprises a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C15 aryl or a substituted or unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl. The application provides a material with a structure shown in a formula (I) as an electron transport layer of a perovskite solar cell, which is improved on the basis of a Y6 structure, and particularly, fluorine atoms are introduced to acetonitrile groups at two sides of a molecular structure for substitution, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell can be effectively improved. In some of these embodiments, each Ar independently comprises a group as shown below: X 1、X2、X3 and X 4 each independently comprise H, halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 oxo, carbonyl, ester, nitro or cyano, Representing the ligation site. The Ar group with a proper structure can enhance the overall plane rigidity of the molecular structure, so that the stacking among molecules is stronger, the charge transmission capacity is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery is further improved. In some embodiments, the electron transport layer material comprises one or more of the following compounds having the structure shown in formula (I-1): x 1、X2、X3 and X 4 each independently comprise H, halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 oxy, carbonyl, ester, nitro or cyano. The compound with the structure shown in the formula (I-1) can enhance the plane rigidity of the whole molecular structure, improve the electron transmission efficiency of the material and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery. In some embodiments, X comprises S. In some of these embodiments, Y 1、Y2 each independently comprises S. The adoption of S atoms is more beneficial to improving the injection and transmission efficiency of electrons, and the stability of the compound is good. In some embodiments, each R 1 independently comprises a C5-C15 alkyl group. In some embodiments, each R 2 independently comprises a C5-C15 alkyl group. The number of C atoms of substituent R 1、R2 in the compound structure is reasonably controlled, the molecular structure and the spatial configuration of the material can be properly regulated, and an electron transmission channel between molecules is smoother, so that the electron migration efficien