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CN-122028788-A - Downy mildew resistance in spinach

CN122028788ACN 122028788 ACN122028788 ACN 122028788ACN-122028788-A

Abstract

The present invention relates to spinach plants comprising a gene or locus that leads to broad-spectrum resistance to downy mildew (Peronospora effusa, pe). The invention also relates to the progeny of said spinach plant, propagation material of said spinach plant, cells of said spinach plant, seeds of said spinach plant and harvested leaves of said spinach plant. The invention also relates to the use of said spinach plant in breeding to confer resistance against peronospora cheilis. The invention also relates to a method of producing spinach plants having broad-spectrum resistance against peronospora farinosa (Pe).

Inventors

  • J. S. Groningdick
  • J. DeWessel
  • J. M. Czech Republic
  • W. Xie La Te

Assignees

  • KWS蔬菜有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20230807

Claims (20)

  1. 1. Spinach plant comprising resistance against at least one or more of Pe physiological micro-species 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, preferably at least Pe physiological micro-species 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, isolates 4US, 21A (UA 2016-21A or 2016-21A), PV2144, pe22-53, PV2240 and PV2201, also referred to as 4+.
  2. 2. Spinach plant according to claim 1, wherein the plant is obtainable by introgression of a plant grown from a seed or any plant derived therefrom, the seed having a accession number NCIMB 44186、NCIMB 44187、NCIMB 44188、NCIMB 44189、NCIMB 44190、NCIMB 44191、NCIMB 44192、44193、NCIMB 44194、NCIMB 44195.
  3. 3. Spinach plant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spinach plant comprises an allele identifiable by one or more of the SEQ ID NOs 1-15.
  4. 4. A spinach plant according to claim 3, wherein the allele or sequence is linked to the resistance.
  5. 5. A spinach plant according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spinach plant is a hybrid plant.
  6. 6. Spinach plant according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spinach plant is an inbred plant.
  7. 7. Spinach plant according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plant is selected from the group consisting of a wrinkled leaf profile, a semi-wrinkled leaf profile, a flat leaf or a smooth leaf profile.
  8. 8. Spinach plant according to claim 1, wherein the spinach plant is obtained by a genome editing technique such as CRISPR CAS or a mutagenesis technique, preferably by introducing one or more resistant alleles which can be identified by one or more of SEQ ID NOs 1-15.
  9. 9. Progeny plant of a spinach plant according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the progeny plant retains resistance against at least one or more of Pe physiological micro-species 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, preferably at least Pe physiological micro-species 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, isolate 4US, 21A (UA 2016-21A or 2016-21A), PV2144, pe22-53, PV2240 and PV2201, also known as 4+.
  10. 10. The progeny plant of claim 9, wherein the progeny plant is produced by one or more methods selected from the group consisting of selfing, crossing, mutation, genome editing, or transformation.
  11. 11. The progeny plant of claim 9 or 10, wherein the progeny plant comprises alleles identifiable by one or more of SEQ ID NOs 1-15.
  12. 12. A seed from which the spinach plant of any one of claims 1-8 can be grown.
  13. 13. Use of one or more seeds comprising a resistance to at least one or more of Pe physiological micro-species 1,2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, preferably at least Pe physiological micro-species 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, isolate 4US, 21A (UA 2016-21A or 2016-21A), PV2144, pe22-53, 2240 and PV2201 also referred to as PV 4+.
  14. 14. The part of a spinach plant according to any one of claims 1-8 or the part of a progeny plant according to any one of claims 9-11, wherein the part is selected from the group consisting of stems, cuttings, petioles, cotyledons, flowers, anthers, pollen, ovaries, roots, root tips, protoplasts, calli, microspores, stalks, ovules, shoots, seeds, embryos, embryo sacs, cells, meristems, shoots, leaves.
  15. 15. A cell culture or tissue culture comprising cells or tissue derived from the portion of the spinach plant of claim 14.
  16. 16. Spinach plant regenerated from a cell or tissue culture according to claim 15, wherein the spinach plant comprises a resistance against at least one or more of Pe physiological micro-species 1,2,3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, preferably at least Pe physiological micro-species 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, isolate 4US, 21A (UA 2016-21A or 2016-21A), PV2144, pe22-53, PV2240 and PV2201, also known as 4+.
  17. 17. Spinach plant according to claim 16, wherein the spinach plant comprises at least one allele or sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs 1-15.
  18. 18. A method of producing a spinach plant comprising resistance at least to one or more physiological races or isolates of peronospora california (Peronospora effusa, pe), preferably to a plurality of physiological races or isolates of peronospora california (Peronospora effusa, pe), the method comprising the steps of: a) Providing a spinach plant comprising an introgression fragment obtainable from accession number NCIMB44186 or NCIMB44187 or NCIMB44188 or NCIMB44189 or NCIMB44190 or NCIMB44191 or NCIMB44192 or 44193 or NCIMB44194 or NCIMB44195, wherein the introgression fragment confers resistance to one or more Pe physiological micro-species; b) Crossing the spinach plant with another spinach plant to produce an F1 seed, the other spinach plant being susceptible to one or more of the plurality of Pe physiological micro-species; c) Optionally selfing the plant grown from the F1 seed one or more times to produce F2, F3 or further generation of selfed progeny; d) Identifying (or selecting) a spinach plant grown from the F1, F2, F3 seed produced by step c or an inbred progeny of a further generation that is resistant to the one or more Pe physiological micro-species and/or that comprises the introgression fragment or a resistance conferring portion of the introgression fragment; e) Optionally crossing said identified (or selected) F1 progeny or inbred progeny of step (d) with any spinach plant to produce backcross progeny; f) Optionally selecting a backcross progeny comprising resistance to one or more of the plurality of Pe physiological races and/or comprising the introgression fragment or a resistance conferring portion of the introgression fragment.
  19. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the plurality of Pe physiological races comprises Pe physiological races 1-19, preferably at least Pe physiological races 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,13, 16, 17, 18 and 19, isolates 4US, 21A (UA 2016-21A or 2016-21A), PV2144, pe22-53, PV2240 and PV2201, also referred to as 4+.
  20. 20. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 19, wherein the identifying step in step d) is performed by marker assisted selection.

Description

Downy mildew resistance in spinach Technical Field The present invention relates to spinach plants comprising a gene or locus that leads to broad-spectrum resistance to downy mildew (Peronospora effusa, pe). The invention also relates to the progeny of said spinach plant, propagation material of said spinach plant, cells of said spinach plant, seeds of said spinach plant and harvested leaves of said spinach plant. The invention also relates to the use of said spinach plant in breeding to confer resistance against peronospora cheilis. The invention also relates to a method for producing spinach plants having broad-spectrum resistance against downy mildew (Peronospora effusa, pe). Background Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a flowering plant from amaranthaceae (AMARANTHACEAE) that grows as a vegetable. The consumable part of spinach is the leaves from vegetative growth. Spinach is sold in loose, bundled, in pre-packaged bags, canned or frozen form. Spinach has three basic types, namely, wrinkled leaf profile, semi-wrinkled leaf profile and smooth leaf profile. The crimped leaf profile has crimped and curled leaves. Flat or smooth leaf spinach typically has a broad smooth leaf. A hemicrinkled leaf pattern is a variety of leaves with slight folds. The main market for spinach is young leaves. Tender spinach She Tongchang is a flat leaf variety and typically harvested leaves are no longer than about 8 cm. These tender sweet leaves are sold loosely rather than in bundles. They are commonly used in salad but can also be cooked slightly. Downy mildew, which is a downy mildew (Peronospora effusa, older name p. farinose f, sp. spinaciae) of the pathogen in spinach, is a major threat to spinach growers because it affects harvested plant parts, i.e. leaves. Infection makes leaf blades unsuitable for sale and consumption because it phenotypically appears as a yellow lesion on older leaves and gray fungal growth can be observed on the far axis leaf surfaces. This infection can spread very rapidly and it can occur in greenhouse cultivation and soil cultivation. The optimal temperature for the formation and germination of the downy mildew is 9 to 12 ℃ and it is promoted by high relative humidity. When pathogens deposit on the surface of moist leaves, they can readily germinate and infect the leaves. When the temperature is 8-20 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than or equal to 80%, the pathogenic bacteria grow optimally, and the pathogenic bacteria grow in 6-13 d after infection. The downy mildew may survive in soil for up to 3 years, or in seeds or living plants. In recent years, a variety of resistance genes have been identified which provide resistance to downy mildew in spinach plants. However, it has been observed that previously resistant spinach cultivars can again become susceptible to pathogens. Investigation showed that cultivars themselves were not altered, so the loss of downy mildew resistance had to be attributed to downy mildew resistance overcoming these spinach cultivars. Downy mildew physiological races capable of infecting resistant spinach cultivars have been identified on an identified host reference group (DIFFERENTIAL REFERENCE SET) for testing resistance of spinach cultivars. The identified host group includes a series of spinach cultivars (hybrids) that have different resistance patterns to the presently identified pathogenic physiological races. To date, 19 pathogenic physiological races of spinach downy mildew (Pe) have been formally identified and characterized. Physiological races 4-10 were identified between 1990 and 2009, which demonstrate the pluripotency and adaptability of pathogens to overcome spinach resistance. In different geographical areas, combinations of different pathogenic physiological races or isolates are present, and thus the spinach industry strongly demands that spinach cultivars are resistant to as many relevant downy mildew physiological races as possible, preferably to all physiological races which may be present in their area, and even to the latest threats which are not resistent by the resistance present in existing commercial spinach varieties. It is important to stay at the forefront of the development in this field, as the downy mildew (Peronospora) continues to develop the ability to destroy the resistance present in commercial spinach varieties. For this reason, new resistance genes are very valuable resources, which form an important research hotspot in spinach breeding. The goal of spinach breeders is to rapidly develop spinach varieties that are resistant to as many physiological races (including the most recently identified) of the genus Peronospora (Peronospora) as possible. To date, 19 Pe physiological races were officially approved by the international working group (International Working Group on Peronospora IN SPINACH, IWGP) on the genus downy of spinach and are publicly available through the university of fyettevelar, ark, 72701, USA, or the netherlands