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CN-122029354-A - Method, computer program and computer readable medium for avoiding an unexpected blade fall-off of a wind turbine and energy conversion system

CN122029354ACN 122029354 ACN122029354 ACN 122029354ACN-122029354-A

Abstract

A method for avoiding an unexpected drop of a blade (50) of a wind turbine (20) when the blade (50) of the wind turbine (20) or another blade (50) is arranged at a rotor hub (51) of the wind turbine (20) is provided. The wind turbine (20) includes a rotor hub (51), a rotating electrical machine (22) mechanically coupled to the rotor hub (51), a machine side converter (24, 44) electrically coupled to the rotating electrical machine (22) and including a number of semiconductor switches (70, 72, 74), a DC link (26, 46) electrically coupled to the machine side converter (24, 44), and a grid side converter (28, 48) electrically coupled to the DC link (26, 46) and to a power grid. The method includes generating a short circuit at the DC link (26, 46) by activating all of the semiconductor switches (70, 72, 74) simultaneously.

Inventors

  • Giannis Tesomas
  • DANIEL ULMER
  • Prem Pandya Rajan
  • Dennis Geraldi
  • Andre Calikin
  • Christian Stoltz
  • Jerome fischer
  • Eduardo Bezecheri

Assignees

  • ABB瑞士股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20241128
Priority Date
20231130

Claims (11)

  1. 1. A method for avoiding an unexpected drop of a blade (50) of a wind turbine (20) when the blade (50) or another blade (50) of the wind turbine (20) is arranged at a rotor hub (51) of the wind turbine (20), the wind turbine (20) comprising a rotor hub (51), a rotating electrical machine (22) mechanically coupled to the rotor hub (51), a machine side converter (24, 44) electrically coupled to the rotating electrical machine (22) and comprising several semiconductor switches (70, 72, 74), a DC link (26, 46) electrically coupled to the machine side converter (24, 44), and a grid side converter (28, 48) electrically coupled to the DC link (26, 46) and to a grid, the method comprising: By activating all of the semiconductor switches (70, 72, 74) simultaneously, a short circuit is generated at the DC link (26, 46).
  2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: a three-phase short circuit at a machine side terminal of the machine side converter (24, 44) and a corresponding generator short circuit torque are caused by the short circuit at the DC link (26, 46), and The generator short circuit torque prevents the accidental removal of the blade (50) by accident.
  3. 3. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein: the corresponding short circuit steady state current is within the stated range of rated current.
  4. 4. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein: the start of the method is triggered relative to the anti-drop mode.
  5. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: If one or more of the converters (24, 44, 28, 48) are malfunctioning, the anti-drop mode is triggered when the rotor hub (51) is not mechanically locked.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: in case of failure of one or more of the converters (24, 44, 28, 48), one or more converter protection functions are activated, and At least one of these converter protection functions triggers the anti-drop mode.
  7. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the anti-falling mode is triggered when the blade (50) is out of control, and The runaway is determined from the actual position of the blade (50) and/or from a position signal of an encoder of the wind turbine (20).
  8. 8. A main controller (30) for an energy conversion system (18) for a wind turbine (20), the main controller being adapted/configured for performing the method according to any of the preceding claims.
  9. 9. An energy conversion system (18) of a wind turbine (20), comprising: A rotating electrical machine (22); at least one machine side converter (24, 44) coupled to the rotating electrical machine (22); at least one DC link (26, 46) coupled to the machine side converter (24, 44); At least one grid-side converter (28, 48) configured for coupling the DC link (26, 46) to a power grid, and The master controller (30) of claim 8.
  10. 10. A computer program for driving an energy conversion system (18) of a wind turbine (20) according to claim 9, which computer program, when being executed by a processor of a main controller (30) of a wind turbine (30) according to claim 8, is adapted to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-7.
  11. 11. A computer readable medium, in which a computer program according to claim 10 is stored.

Description

Method, computer program and computer readable medium for avoiding an unexpected blade fall-off of a wind turbine and energy conversion system Technical Field The present invention relates to the field of wind turbines. In particular, the present invention relates to a blade assembly during which the blades of the wind turbine are arranged at the rotor hub of the wind turbine. In particular, the present invention relates to a method, a computer program and a computer readable medium for avoiding an unexpected blade fall-off of a wind turbine, to an energy conversion system of the wind turbine, and to a master controller for the energy conversion system. Background Conventional wind turbines (e.g., gearless wind turbines) include three or more blades mechanically coupled to a rotatable rotor hub of the wind turbine. The rotor hub is mechanically coupled to an energy conversion system of the wind turbine. The energy conversion system includes therein a rotary electric machine or the like. In generator mode, the rotating electrical machine is configured for rotation by the blades via the rotor hub and for generating electrical energy when rotated. In this context, a rotating electrical machine may be referred to as a generator. The electrical energy may be supplied to an electrical grid to which the energy conversion system is electrically coupled. The rotating electrical machine may be coupled to the electrical grid through one or more converters of the energy conversion system (e.g., one or more three-level neutral point clamped (3 LNPC) converters) to convert energy generated by the rotating electrical machine to make it suitable for being supplied to the electrical grid. When a wind turbine is installed at a predetermined location on site, the tower of the wind turbine is first arranged at the predetermined location. The blades are then mounted at the rotor hub. For example, the blades may be arranged at a rotor hub on the ground. The rotor hub with blades may then be hoisted to the mounting interface for the rotor hub near the top of the tower. However, this solution requires a lot of space, especially on the ground. Additionally, as technology continues to advance, blades become larger, the cranes currently available on the market may be difficult or even impossible to hoist the weight of three or more blades to a height of 100 meters or more. Alternatively, the rotor hub may be mounted on the tower prior to mounting the tower to the predetermined location, and the blades may be hoisted and coupled to the rotor hub generally horizontally one by one (single blade mounting). This approach typically requires a specific "blade lifting tool". Such tools may be provided by the manufacturer of the wind turbine and may be designed to suit a particular blade model. Furthermore, for such single blade installations, since each of the blades is typically horizontally installed, after one of the blades is installed, the rotor hub must be rotated to leave the empty slot in the correct position for the next blade. This process must be repeated until all the blades have been installed. A second tool may also be required to rotate the rotor hub to a predetermined position in order to mount the next blade in that position. The second tool may be referred to as a "rotor turning tool" or a "turning gear". These rotary tools are typically hydro-mechanical. The power source may be connected to a pump that generates the hydraulic pressure required to rotate the gears of the wind turbine by means of such a hydraulic mechanical turning tool. These rotary tools may increase the complexity and cost of the blade mounting process. US2009/0162202 A1 describes a method for positioning a rotor of a wind turbine to a desired position, for example, before engaging a locking mechanism, for example, for maintenance purposes. The corresponding wind turbine comprises a generator adapted to be selectively used as a motor and a control unit adapted to switch between generator operation and motor operation of the generator and to control the torque generated by the generator when used as a motor. The control unit monitors sensor signals indicative of the angular position of the rotor in its main rotation plane. Energy may be fed into the generator to use it as a motor to move the rotor to a predetermined angular position. The energy for the rotation of the rotor may be taken from the grid. US 2013/0328209 A1 describes a wind turbine comprising a generator connected to a rotor of the wind turbine via a shaft. The generator is a rotary machine that may also be used as an electric motor, for example, a permanent magnet rotary machine. The position detector detects a rotational position of the wind turbine rotated by the wind. The controller of the wind turbine performs a position control process such that the rotational position of the wind turbine coincides with the target position. In addition to the generator and position detector described abo