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CN-122029356-A - Method for detecting at least one characteristic of a component of a wind turbine or for a component of a wind turbine

CN122029356ACN 122029356 ACN122029356 ACN 122029356ACN-122029356-A

Abstract

A method for detecting at least one characteristic of a component (13, 27, 36) of a wind turbine blade (3) or for the component of the wind turbine blade, the method comprising inducing (S1) a current (24) in a microwire (15) integrated in the component (13, 27, 36) by applying a primary magnetic field (25), measuring (S2) a secondary magnetic field (26) generated by the current (24) induced in the microwire (15), and determining (S3) the at least one characteristic of the component (13, 27, 36) based on the measured secondary magnetic field (26). The method provides efficient non-contact structural health monitoring.

Inventors

  • MUHAMMAD KHALID

Assignees

  • 西门子歌美飒可再生能源公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20240912
Priority Date
20231016

Claims (15)

  1. 1. A method for detecting at least one characteristic of a component (13, 27, 36) of a wind turbine blade (3) or for a wind turbine blade, the method comprising: By applying a primary magnetic field (25), a current (24) is induced (S1) in a microwire (15) integrated in the component (13, 27, 36), Measuring (S2) a secondary magnetic field (26) generated by the current (24) induced in the microwire (15), and -Determining (S3) the at least one characteristic of the component (13, 27, 36) based on the measured secondary magnetic field (26).
  2. 2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the microfilaments (15) comprise a ferromagnetic and/or metallic core (16) and/or a glass coating (18).
  3. 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one characteristic is the strain experienced by the component (13, 27, 36) and/or the temperature of the component (13, 27, 36).
  4. 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method further comprising: based on the at least one determined characteristic, it is determined that a crease (7) is present in the fibers (8) of the component (13, 27, 36).
  5. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microfilaments (15) are integrated in or attached to a non-buckling fabric (27).
  6. 6. A method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the component (13, 27, 36) is part of an airfoil profile (47) of the wind turbine blade (3).
  7. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the microfilaments (15) are integrated in the outermost layer (39) of the airfoil profile (47).
  8. 8. Method according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the microfilaments (15) are oriented parallel to at least one adjacent fiber (8) of the component (13, 27, 36) and/or oriented in the axial direction (a) of the wind turbine blade (3).
  9. 9. A method for manufacturing a fibre composite component (13) with integrated micro wires (15) of a wind turbine blade (3), the method comprising: a) Providing (S10) a non-buckling fabric (27) having microfilaments (15), B) Impregnating (S20) the non-buckling fabric (27) with a resin (14), and C) -curing (S30) the resin (14) to obtain the fiber composite component (13) with the integrated microfilaments (15).
  10. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is performed during step b) or c), after step b) or c) and/or before step b) or c).
  11. 11. Method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the non-buckling fabric (27) is provided in step a) by laying down rovings (29) using a feed guide (32), wherein: -laying the microfilaments (15) between or on top of the rovings (29) using the feed guide (32), and/or -Integrating said microfilaments (15) in at least one of said rovings (29) before feeding said at least one roving (29) using said feeding guide (32).
  12. 12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein in step a) an adhesive is added to the non-buckling fabric (27) and the adhesive is used to bond the microfilaments (15) to the non-buckling fabric (27).
  13. 13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, the method comprising: in step a), at least two non-buckling fabrics (27, 27 ') are provided and the microfilaments (15) are arranged between the at least two non-buckling fabrics (27, 27'), and The at least two non-buckling fabrics (27, 27') are bonded together using an adhesive.
  14. 14. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, the method comprising: in step a), creating a fibrous ply (43) comprising the non-buckling fabric (27) in a mold (40) and attaching the microfilaments (15) to the non-buckling fabric (27), In step b), the fibre lay-up (43) is impregnated with a resin (14).
  15. 15. A manufacturing or maintenance system (12) for a wind turbine blade (3), the system comprising: a component (13, 27, 36) and a microwire (15) integrated in said component (13, 27, 36), An induction unit (21) for inducing a current (24) in the microwire (15) by applying a primary magnetic field (25), A measuring unit (22) for measuring a secondary magnetic field (26) generated by the current (24) induced in the microwire (15), and -A determination unit (23) for determining the at least one characteristic of the component (13, 27, 36) based on the measured secondary magnetic field (26).

Description

Method for detecting at least one characteristic of a component of a wind turbine or for a component of a wind turbine Technical Field The present invention relates to a method for detecting at least one characteristic of a component of a wind turbine blade or of a component for a wind turbine blade, to a method for manufacturing a fibre composite component with integrated micro-wires for a wind turbine blade, and to a manufacturing or maintenance system for a wind turbine blade. Background One way to use wind turbines to generate more power under given wind conditions is to increase the size of the blades. However, as blade size increases, the manufacture of wind turbine blades becomes increasingly difficult. Structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades has also become increasingly important as blade sizes have increased. One of the most critical drawbacks is laminate wrinkling. These folds constitute a significant structural risk to the integrity of the whole blade. Currently, there are several ways to detect such wrinkles. One way is by manual inspection of the blade, which requires the operator to physically measure the wrinkles. The inaccessible area inside the blade is scanned using a scanning robot. The robot is configured to detect wrinkles on the inner laminate. Finally, it is also known to use ultrasonic scanning to detect wrinkles. Manual inspection has the limitation of being error prone, particularly when no sample is extracted from the fold location. Another difficulty with this approach is that the operator needs to be able to access the pleat locations. The operation of the scanning robot may be difficult and complex. In the case of laminates containing voids or bubbles, the ultrasound scan may be inaccurate. Moreover, ultrasound scanning does not detect the severity or angle of wrinkles. Still further, ultrasonic scanning requires contact and the presence of water on the laminate surface. Scanning may also be inefficient for the entire surface. Thus, only critical areas, such as spar caps, bond lines, etc., are typically scanned. Disclosure of Invention It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved method of detecting wrinkles and other defects in a wind turbine blade. According to a first aspect, there is provided a method for detecting at least one characteristic of a component of a wind turbine blade or for a component of a wind turbine blade, the method comprising: by applying a primary magnetic field to induce a current in the microwires integrated in the component, Measuring a secondary magnetic field generated by the current induced in the microwire, and The at least one characteristic of the component is determined based on the measured secondary magnetic field. Advantageously, the method provides non-contact defect detection in a wind turbine blade. The detection may be used during or after blade manufacture. When the wind turbine is operating in the field, it may even be used during routine inspection. In particular, the method may be used for structural health monitoring of wind turbine blades. In other embodiments, the resin flow front in the component and/or the temperature of the component (during the manufacturing process) may be detected. Microwires are miniaturized magnetic non-contact sensors of physical quantities (e.g., mechanical strain, temperature, pressure, stress, torsion, etc.). The diameter of the microfilaments is, for example, less than 100 μm. Typical ranges for the diameter of the microfilaments are 3 μm to 70 μm. The microwire may have a length of less than 10cm. Typically, they have a length of between 1cm and 4 cm. The sensing range may be up to 10cm from the sensing head (e.g., including the excitation/induction coil and the sensing/measurement coil) to the corresponding microwire. The measurement may be obtained by air or other materials, even metallic or magnetic materials. The components of the wind turbine blade may be part of the cured and assembled blade (either upon completion of manufacture or when the blade is operating on a wind turbine). The components for the wind turbine may be non-buckling fabrics, preforms, upper or lower shells, etc., i.e. the components used for manufacturing the wind turbine blades. According to one embodiment, the microfilaments comprise ferromagnetic cores and/or metallic cores and/or glass coatings. According to one embodiment, the at least one property is a mechanical property or a thermal property of the fiber composite component. According to one embodiment, the at least one characteristic is the strain experienced by the component and/or the temperature of the component. According to one embodiment, the method further comprises: Based on the at least one determined characteristic, a fold is determined to be present in the component. The wrinkles result in a change in the measured secondary magnetic field compared to the area where the fiber is stretched (i.e., straight (no wrinkle