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CN-122029962-A - Method for connecting a plurality of solar cells into a solar cell string, and method for manufacturing solar module

CN122029962ACN 122029962 ACN122029962 ACN 122029962ACN-122029962-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for connecting a plurality of solar cells (1) into a solar cell string, comprising the steps of a) providing a plurality of solar cells (1), each solar cell having a front side (5) and a rear side (6), b) providing a film (2) embedded with an electrical conductor track (3), c) electrically connecting the front side (5) of one of the plurality of solar cells (1) with the rear side (6) of an adjacent other of the plurality of solar cells (1) by means of the film (2) embedded with the electrical conductor track (3), in order to produce the solar cell string. The invention also relates to a solar cell string obtained by the method and a method for manufacturing a solar module by using the solar cell string.

Inventors

  • ANSGAR METTE
  • FLORIAN STENZEL

Assignees

  • 韩华QCELLS有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20240814
Priority Date
20230816

Claims (15)

  1. 1. A method of connecting a plurality of solar cells (1) into a solar cell string, comprising the steps of: a) Providing a plurality of solar cells (1) each having a front side (5) and a back side (6), B) Providing a film (2) embedded with an electrical conductor line (3), C) The front side (5) of one solar cell (1) of the plurality of solar cells (1) is electrically connected to the back side (6) of the adjacent other solar cell (1) by means of a film (2) embedded with an electrical conductor track (3) to produce a solar cell string.
  2. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the film (2) provided in step b) with embedded electrical conductor tracks (3) is of unitary construction in a first variant, and that the electrical conductor tracks (3) are arranged in the film (2) in such a way that they extend from one surface (21) of the film (2) to another surface (22) opposite the surface (21), wherein step c) is that the film (2) with embedded electrical conductor tracks (3) is applied to the front side (5) of one solar cell (1) and to the back side (6) of an adjacent solar cell (1) for achieving a circuit connection.
  3. 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrical conductor tracks (3) embedded in the film (2) are rigid conductors, preferably wires.
  4. 4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, prior to step b), the electrical conductor tracks (3) are embedded in the film (2), the electrical conductor tracks (3) are extended from one surface (21) of the film (2) to the other surface (22) opposite to the surface (21), and the film (2) thus produced, in which the electrical conductor tracks (3) are embedded, is put into use as a single piece in step c).
  5. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the film (2) provided in step b) with embedded electrical conductor tracks (3) has in a second variant a plurality of segments (2 a,2 b) connected to each other electrically or in step c), wherein in step c) one segment (2 b) is placed on the front side (5) of one solar cell (1) and the other segment (2 a) is placed on the back side (6) of the other solar cell (1).
  6. 6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that prior to step b) the film (2) is integrally structured with grooves (7) on one side, the electrical conductor tracks (3) being embedded in the grooves (7) and the film (2) being divided into a plurality of segments (2 a, 2b, 2 c).
  7. 7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that for embedding the electrical conductor tracks (3) in the film, a highly reflective material and a highly conductive material, and optionally a conductive glue (8), respectively, are embedded in the grooves (7).
  8. 8. Method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that a respective number of embedded electrical conductor tracks (3) in each segment (2 a, 2b, 2 c) extend in one direction of extension (E), and in that one embedded electrical conductor track (3) extends crosswise to the direction of extension (E), preferably perpendicularly to the direction of extension, to form one connection region for connection with another connection region of another segment (2 a, 2b, 2 c).
  9. 9. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that step c) is performed under conditions of heat and/or pressure.
  10. 10. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-section of the electrical conductor tracks (3) embedded in the film (2) is triangular.
  11. 11. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical conductor tracks (3) embedded in the film (2) each have a height (Y) to width (X) ratio in the range Y: X > 0.19.
  12. 12. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of solar cells (1) are each busbar-free, front-side electrode-free and/or back-side electrode-free.
  13. 13. Solar cell string obtained according to the method of any of the preceding claims.
  14. 14. A method of manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising Providing a solar cell string obtained according to claim 13, -Placing a front side encapsulation element on the light entrance side of the solar cell string, and a back side encapsulation element on the back side of the solar cell string to obtain a sandwich structure, and -Laminating the sandwich structure.
  15. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that a plurality of solar cell strings are provided, which are connected in series by using a film embedded with electrical conductor tracks.

Description

Method for connecting a plurality of solar cells into a solar cell string, and method for manufacturing solar module Technical Field The present invention relates to a method of connecting a plurality of solar cells into a solar cell string, and a method of manufacturing a solar module. In particular, the present invention relates to a method of connecting a plurality of solar cells into a solar cell string using an electrical conductor line, a solar cell string obtained by the method, and a method of manufacturing a solar module using the solar cell string. Background It is well known that solar cells can be connected by a soldering process. For this purpose, the solar cells are provided with special regions, also called bus bars, for soldering. The bus bars are coated on the cells during the solar cell fabrication process, for example, by a screen printing process, using expensive silver paste. Due to positioning tolerances of the cell connectors (e.g., wires) used to connect the solar cells in module fabrication, some areas of the bus bar are always obscured even when the cell connectors are perfectly aligned with the bus bar, and poor alignment may also result in additional obstruction. Occlusion can result in power loss. For the purpose of achieving the circuit connection, for example, in a soldering process, round wires with copper cores and solder layers are placed as cell connections on the bus bars and are fixed to the solar cells with pressure plates during soldering. After cooling, a firm connection is formed. However, when the battery connector is placed on the bus bar, a poor alignment often occurs. Alternatively, a solder paste or a conductive paste may be applied to the solar cell, and then the cell connector may be placed thereon and heated. The cell connector must also be aligned with the coated structure to minimize shading caused by it. Yet another disadvantage is the need to apply more solder paste or glue than necessary, which increases costs and leads to shading. In subsequent module fabrication, an encapsulant material, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, is used to achieve optical coupling between the solar cell string formed by the circuit connection and the front and back glass or film elements. These encapsulation materials must be of sufficient thickness to encapsulate the battery connectors to avoid damage from stress. Meanwhile, the encapsulant absorbs incident light, and the greater the thickness, the more absorption, resulting in power loss. In addition, a balance must be struck between shading and power loss due to the resistance of the battery connector. In addition, the solar cell module may have temperature fluctuations during operation, and thermal expansion coefficients between the cell connector and the solar cell are different materials, such as copper and silicon, so that stress is generated to act on the solder joints and the solar cell. Can lead to solder joint failure over time, resulting in significant performance loss. EP 3,165,361 A1 also discloses a device resembling a solar module, which has a polymeric conductive foil. The polymeric conductive foil includes a polymeric film having at least two adjacent regions and an elongated conductor. The first region has sufficient ductility and/or adhesion to secure the elongate conductor in place outside the polymer film. The second region immediately adjacent to the first region has a different degree of polymerization and/or cross-linking than the first region. The elongated conductor is disposed on a surface of the first region, the surface constituting an outer side of the polymer film. However, there remains a need to minimize shading caused by battery connectors or conductors. Furthermore, it is desirable to provide a more complex conductor structure so that minimization of shading can also be achieved. Disclosure of Invention The object of the invention is to provide a method for connecting a plurality of solar cells to form a solar cell string, a solar cell string and a method for producing a solar module, which method makes it possible to achieve complex conductor shapes and to reduce shading as much as possible when solar cells are connected. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, a solar cell string with corresponding features according to claim 13 and a method according to claim 14. Advantageous improvements and modifications are given in the dependent claims. The electrical conductor tracks embedded in the film can have a more complex shape for the circuit connection of the solar cell. In addition, a smaller light shielding area can be realized. Both of which enable higher performance. The invention relates to a method for connecting a plurality of solar cells into a solar cell string, comprising the following steps: a) Providing a plurality of solar cells each having a front side and a back side, B) A film is provided in which the electrical conductor lines are e