CN-224204112-U - Electrolytic tank and flow battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrolytic cell and a flow battery, wherein the electrolytic cell comprises an anode metal current collector layer, a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer and a cathode metal current collector layer, wherein the anode metal current collector layer, the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, the anode liquid accommodating chamber is provided with an anode liquid accommodating chamber, the second insulating layer and the cathode metal current collector layer are provided with a cathode liquid accommodating chamber, the anode liquid accommodating chamber penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the first insulating layer, a first annular sealing member is embedded in the anode liquid accommodating chamber, the cathode liquid accommodating chamber penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the second insulating layer, a second annular sealing member is embedded in the cathode liquid accommodating chamber, the cathode metal current collector layer is provided with a cathode gas accommodating chamber, a first air inlet channel and a first air outlet channel, and the cathode gas accommodating chamber is a blind groove, wherein the anode liquid accommodating chamber, the cathode liquid accommodating chamber and the cathode gas accommodating chamber are communicated. The distance between the cathode and the anode of the flow battery using the electrolytic tank is reduced, so that the internal resistance is reduced, and the overall structure is also reduced.

Inventors

• WU ZHENYU
• ZHANG YUN

Assignees

• 南方科技大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20250416

Claims (10)

1. 1. An electrolytic tank is applied to a flow battery and is characterized by comprising an anode metal current collector layer, a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer and a cathode metal current collector layer, wherein the anode metal current collector layer, the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top; the anolyte accommodating chamber penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the first insulating layer, and a first annular sealing piece for sealing anolyte in the anolyte accommodating chamber is embedded in the anolyte accommodating chamber; The catholyte accommodating chamber penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the second insulating layer, and a second annular sealing piece for sealing the catholyte in the catholyte accommodating chamber is embedded in the catholyte accommodating chamber; The cathode metal current collector layer is provided with a cathode gas accommodating chamber, a first air inlet channel and a first air outlet channel, the cathode gas accommodating chamber is a blind groove, the first air inlet channel penetrates through one side wall of the cathode gas accommodating chamber and one side wall of the cathode metal current collector layer, and the first air outlet channel penetrates through the other side wall of the cathode gas accommodating chamber and the other side wall of the cathode metal current collector layer; Wherein the anolyte receiving chamber, the catholyte receiving chamber, and the catholyte receiving chamber are in communication.
2. 2. The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the first insulating layer is further provided with a first liquid inlet channel and a first liquid outlet channel, the first liquid inlet channel penetrating through one side wall of the anolyte receiving chamber and one side wall of the first insulating layer, the first liquid outlet channel penetrating through the other side wall of the anolyte receiving chamber and the other side wall of the first insulating layer; The liquid inlet of the first liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet of the first liquid outlet channel are positioned on two opposite side walls of the first insulating layer, and the liquid outlet of the first liquid inlet channel and the liquid inlet of the first liquid outlet channel are positioned on two opposite side walls of the anode liquid accommodating chamber; The distance between the central axis of the first liquid inlet channel and the side surface of the first insulating layer is larger or smaller than the distance between the central axis of the first liquid outlet channel and the side surface of the first insulating layer.
3. 3. The electrolytic cell of claim 2 wherein the second insulating layer is further provided with a second liquid inlet channel and a second liquid outlet channel, the second liquid inlet channel penetrating through one side wall of the catholyte accommodating chamber and one side wall of the second insulating layer, the second liquid outlet channel penetrating through the other side wall of the catholyte accommodating chamber and the other side wall of the second insulating layer; The liquid inlet of the second liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet of the second liquid outlet channel are positioned on two opposite side walls of the second insulating layer, and the liquid outlet of the second liquid inlet channel and the liquid inlet of the second liquid outlet channel are positioned on two opposite side walls of the catholyte accommodating chamber; The distance between the central axis of the second liquid inlet channel and the side surface of the second insulating layer is larger or smaller than the distance between the central axis of the second liquid outlet channel and the side surface of the second insulating layer.
4. 4. The electrolytic cell of claim 3 wherein the second insulating layer is further provided with a first passage for connecting catholyte to a reference electrode, the first passage extending through the side wall of the catholyte receiving chamber and the side wall of the second insulating layer.
5. 5. The electrolytic cell of claim 4 wherein the anode metal current collector layer is provided with an anode gas receiving chamber, a second gas inlet passage and a second gas outlet passage, such that the anode metal current collector layer serves as an anode metal current collector layer, the anode gas receiving chamber is a blind slot, the second gas inlet passage extends through one side wall of the anode gas receiving chamber and one side wall of the anode metal current collector layer, and the second gas outlet passage extends through the other side wall of the anode gas receiving chamber and the other side wall of the anode metal current collector layer.
6. 6. The electrolytic cell of claim 5 wherein the anolyte receiving chamber is a stepped chamber, the large inner contour end of the anolyte receiving chamber being proximate the anode metal current collector layer; The catholyte accommodating chamber is a step-shaped chamber, and one end with a small outline in the catholyte accommodating chamber is close to the anode metal current collector layer; The projected outline of the anolyte containing chamber on the second insulating layer coincides with the projected outline of the catholyte containing chamber on the second insulating layer; The projected outline of the cathode gas accommodating chamber on the second insulating layer is coincident with the projected outline of the end of the cathode liquid accommodating chamber with small inner outline on the second insulating layer, or the projected outline of the cathode gas accommodating chamber on the second insulating layer is within the projected outline of the end of the cathode liquid accommodating chamber with small inner outline on the second insulating layer.
7. 7. The cell of claim 6, further comprising a first support layer, wherein the first support layer is made of a transparent material and wherein the first support layer is laminated to the cathode metal current collector layer.
8. 8. The electrolytic cell of claim 6 further comprising a first support layer laminated to the cathode metal current collector layer, wherein a viewing window is provided in the first support layer, a transparent layer is provided in the viewing window for encapsulating the viewing window, the cathode gas containing chamber extends through the upper and lower surfaces of the cathode metal current collector layer, and the projection of the cathode gas containing chamber on the first support layer is positioned within the outline of the viewing window.
9. 9. The electrolyzer of claim 8 characterized in that it further comprises a first sealing layer, a second sealing layer, a third sealing layer and a fourth sealing layer; The first sealing layer is arranged between the anode metal current collector layer and the first insulating layer; The second sealing layer is arranged between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer, a first through hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the second sealing layer is formed in the second sealing layer, and the projection of the anode liquid containing cavity on the second sealing layer is located in the outline of the first through hole; the third sealing layer is arranged between the second insulating layer and the cathode metal current collector layer, and a second through hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the third sealing layer is formed in the third sealing layer; the fourth sealing layer is arranged between the cathode metal current collector layer and the first supporting layer, and a third through hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the fourth sealing layer is formed in the fourth sealing layer; the projection of the second through hole on the second sealing layer and the projection of the third through hole on the second sealing layer are respectively overlapped with the outline of the first through hole, and the projection outline of the visual window on the second sealing layer is positioned in the outline of the first through hole.
10. 10. A flow battery, characterized in that the flow battery comprises a reference electrode, an ion exchange membrane, a gas diffusion layer electrode and an electrolytic cell according to any one of claims 1-9; the reference electrode is connected with the catholyte in the catholyte accommodating chamber; The ion exchange membrane is arranged between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer, and covers an opening of the anolyte accommodating chamber close to the second insulating layer and an opening of the catholyte accommodating chamber close to the first insulating layer; The gas diffusion layer electrode is arranged between the cathode metal current collector layer and the second insulating layer, and covers the opening of the catholyte accommodating cavity close to the cathode metal current collector layer and the opening of the cathode gas accommodating cavity close to the second insulating layer.

Description

Electrolytic tank and flow battery Technical Field The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an electrolytic tank and a flow battery. Background The flow battery is an electrochemical energy storage battery which can perform electrochemical reaction in liquid electrolyte, wherein the electrolytes of the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the flow battery are separated and respectively circulated, and the flow battery has the characteristics of high capacity, wide application range and the like. At present, in order to ensure that anolyte and catholyte are not leaked outside in the application process of the flow battery, sealing layers are respectively arranged on an insulating layer containing catholyte and an insulating layer containing anolyte in an electrolytic tank, wherein the upper surface of the sealing layer containing the insulating layer containing catholyte is connected with the lower surface of the insulating layer containing catholyte, the upper surface of the sealing layer containing the insulating layer containing anolyte is connected with the lower surface of the insulating layer containing anolyte, and the sealing mode of the catholyte and the anolyte enables the distance between the anode and the cathode of the flow battery to be far, so that the internal resistance of the flow battery is increased, and the overall structure is large. Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development. Disclosure of utility model In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present utility model is directed to an electrolytic cell and a flow battery, so as to solve the problems of the prior art that the sealing manner of the catholyte and the anolyte in the flow battery makes the distance between the anode and the cathode of the flow battery longer, thereby making the internal resistance of the flow battery larger and the overall structure larger. The utility model provides an electrolytic tank which is applied to a flow battery, and comprises an anode metal current collector layer, a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer and a cathode metal current collector layer, wherein the anode metal current collector layer, the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top; the anolyte accommodating chamber penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the first insulating layer, and a first annular sealing piece for sealing anolyte in the anolyte accommodating chamber is embedded in the anolyte accommodating chamber; The catholyte accommodating chamber penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the second insulating layer, and a second annular sealing piece for sealing the catholyte in the catholyte accommodating chamber is embedded in the catholyte accommodating chamber; The cathode metal current collector layer is provided with a cathode gas accommodating chamber, a first air inlet channel and a first air outlet channel, the cathode gas accommodating chamber is a blind groove, the first air inlet channel penetrates through one side wall of the cathode gas accommodating chamber and one side wall of the cathode metal current collector layer, and the first air outlet channel penetrates through the other side wall of the cathode gas accommodating chamber and the other side wall of the cathode metal current collector layer; Wherein the anolyte receiving chamber, the catholyte receiving chamber, and the catholyte receiving chamber are in communication. According to the utility model, the first insulating layer is further provided with a first liquid inlet channel and a first liquid outlet channel, the first liquid inlet channel penetrates through one side wall of the anolyte accommodating chamber and one side wall of the first insulating layer, and the first liquid outlet channel penetrates through the other side wall of the anolyte accommodating chamber and the other side wall of the first insulating layer; The liquid inlet of the first liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet of the first liquid outlet channel are positioned on two opposite side walls of the first insulating layer, and the liquid outlet of the first liquid inlet channel and the liquid inlet of the first liquid outlet channel are positioned on two opposite side walls of the anode liquid accommodating chamber; The distance between the central axis of the first liquid inlet channel and the side surface of the first insulating layer is larger or smaller than the distance between the central axis of the first liquid outlet channel and the side surface of the first insulating layer. The utility model further provides that the second insulating layer is also provided with a second liquid inlet channel and a second liquid outlet channel, the second liquid inlet channel penetrates through one side wall of the catholyte accommodating chamber and one side wall of t