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CN-224204146-U - Thermal protection structure, battery pack and electric equipment

CN224204146UCN 224204146 UCN224204146 UCN 224204146UCN-224204146-U

Abstract

The application provides a thermal protection structure, a battery assembly, a battery pack and electric equipment, which relate to the technical field of vehicle batteries and are used for solving the technical problem that heat flow emitted by a thermal runaway battery cell damages an adjacent explosion-proof piece in the related art; the protection piece is arranged in the heat shield, the first end face of the protection piece is abutted against the surface, the second end face of the protection piece and the heat shield form a heat dissipation channel, the protection piece is provided with a weak area which is suitable for being penetrated by heat flow discharged by an explosion-proof piece of the thermal runaway battery cell so that the heat flow enters the heat dissipation channel, and the second end face of the protection piece is also provided with a hardening area which is suitable for hardening when the heat flow enters the second end face in the heat dissipation channel. The adjacent explosion-proof components are not communicated, so that the protection of the explosion-proof components adjacent to the thermal runaway battery cell is realized.

Inventors

  • JI JIALIANG
  • GU XIAOFENG
  • ZHANG ZHONGLIN

Assignees

  • 比亚迪股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20250206

Claims (19)

  1. 1. A thermal protection structure for placement in a battery assembly, comprising: A heat shield (301), the heat shield (301) being adapted to shield surfaces (101) of a plurality of cells (100) provided in the battery assembly, each surface (101) being adapted to be provided with an explosion proof member (102); -a shield (302), the shield (302) being arranged within the heat shield (301), the shield (302) having, in its thickness direction, a first end face (3021) and a second end face (3022) opposite each other, the first end face (3021) being adapted to abut the surface (101), the second end face (3022) forming a heat dissipation channel (400) with an inner wall of the heat shield (301); The shield (302) has a zone of weakness adapted to be penetrated by a heat flow exiting from an explosion proof member (102) of a thermal runaway cell to cause the heat flow to enter the heat dissipation channel (400), and a second end face of the shield further has a hardening zone adapted to harden when the heat flow enters the second end face (3022) within the heat dissipation channel (400).
  2. 2. The thermal protection structure of claim 1, wherein, The guard (302) is made of ceramic foam.
  3. 3. The thermal protection structure of claim 1, wherein, The first end face (3021) of the shield (302) is provided with a plurality of grooves (3023), the notch (3024) of each groove (3023) being adapted to be opposite one of the explosion proof members (102).
  4. 4. A heat shield structure according to claim 3, wherein, The width of the notch (3024) is greater than the width of the groove bottom (3025) of the groove (3023) in the length direction of the shield (302), and/or the width of the explosion proof member (102) is smaller than the width of the notch (3024) and greater than the width of the groove bottom (3025) in the length direction of the shield (302).
  5. 5. The thermal protection structure of claim 1, wherein, In the length direction of the guard (302), the second end surface (3022) has opposite first and second edges, the heat shield (301) has opposite first and second inner walls (3011, 3012), the first edge abuts the first inner wall (3011), and the second edge abuts the second inner wall (3012); The heat shield (301) further includes a third inner wall (3013), the third inner wall (3013) being opposite to the second end face (3022) in a thickness direction of the shield (302); -the first edge protrudes towards the heat dissipation channel (400) by a first extension (3026), the first extension (3026) being in abutment with the first inner wall (3011); The second edge extends out of a second extension (3027) towards the heat dissipation channel (400), the second extension (3027) being in abutment with the second inner wall (3012).
  6. 6. The thermal protection structure of claim 5, wherein, The first extension (3026) is further in contact with the third inner wall (3013), and the second extension (3027) is further in contact with the third inner wall (3013).
  7. 7. The thermal protection structure of claim 5 or 6, wherein, The guard (302) further comprises a third extension (3028), and in the length direction of the guard (302), both ends of the third extension (3028) are connected to the first extension (3026) and the second extension (3027), respectively.
  8. 8. The thermal protection structure of claim 7, -The first extension (3026) completely covers the first inner wall (3011), the second extension (3027) completely covers the second inner wall (3012), and the third extension (3028) completely covers the third inner wall (3013); The first extension part (3026), the second extension part (3027), the third extension part (3028) and the second end surface (3022) jointly enclose the heat dissipation channel.
  9. 9. The thermal protection structure of claim 8, wherein, The third inner wall (3013) is provided with an opening (3014), and a part of the third extension (3028) is exposed to the opening (3014).
  10. 10. The thermal protection structure of claim 1, wherein, In the length direction of the guard (302), the heat shield (301) has opposite first (3011) and second (3012) inner walls; The first inner wall (3011) extends towards the heat dissipation channel (400) to form a first abutting portion (3015), and the second inner wall (3012) extends towards the heat dissipation channel (400) to form a second abutting portion (3016); the first contact portion (3015) and the second contact portion (3016) each contact the second end surface (3022).
  11. 11. The thermal protection structure of claim 1, wherein, The heat shield (301) is provided with a connecting section (3017), the connecting section (3017) is bent away from the heat dissipation channel (400), and the connecting section (3017) is adapted to be connected to the surface (101).
  12. 12. The thermal protection structure of claim 11, A ceramic foam layer is arranged between the connecting section (3017) and the surface (101).
  13. 13. The thermal protection structure of claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the heat shield (301) is provided with a mica adhesive layer, or The heat shield (301) is made of mica boards.
  14. 14. A battery assembly comprising the thermal protection structure of any one of claims 1-13, further comprising a plurality of cells (100), the cells (100) having a surface (101), the first end face (3021) of the shield (302) abutting the surface (101).
  15. 15. The battery assembly according to claim 14, wherein a spacer (200) is provided between two adjacent cells (100), the spacer (200) having an abutment end face (201), the first end face (3021) of the shield (302) abutting both the surface (101) and the abutment end face (201).
  16. 16. The battery assembly of claim 15, wherein the battery assembly comprises a plurality of cells, The abutment end face (201) is flush with the surface (101), or The abutting end face (201) protrudes from the surface (101), the first end face (3021) is provided with a containing groove, and the abutting end face (201) abuts against the bottom of the containing groove.
  17. 17. The battery assembly of claim 15, wherein the battery assembly comprises a plurality of cells, The spacer (200) comprises a thermal insulation or heat absorbing member.
  18. 18. A battery pack comprising the battery assembly of any one of claims 14-17.
  19. 19. A powered device comprising the battery pack of claim 18.

Description

Thermal protection structure, battery pack and electric equipment Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a heat protection structure, a battery assembly, a battery pack and electric equipment. Background The high-temperature high-pressure heat flow generated after the electric core is in thermal runaway can be rapidly sprayed outwards through the explosion-proof valve of the electric core, and the sprayed high-temperature high-pressure heat flow can trigger the short circuit of other electric cores around or lead the temperature of the other electric cores around to be rapidly increased so as to cause the thermal runaway. In the related art, a thermal protection structure is disposed on the surfaces of a plurality of electric cells, the thermal protection structure has a heat dissipation channel, and the heat flow emitted by the electric cells in thermal control is discharged out of the battery assembly through the heat dissipation channel. However, the heat flow emitted from the thermal runaway cells may affect adjacent cells, thereby increasing safety risks. Disclosure of utility model In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a thermal protection structure, a battery assembly, a battery pack, and an electric device, so as to solve the problem that heat flow emitted by a thermal runaway battery cell damages a heat dissipation channel and an adjacent explosion-proof valve in the related art. In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions: The embodiment of the application provides a heat protection structure, which is used for being arranged in a battery assembly and comprises a heat shield, a protection piece and a heat insulation cover, wherein the heat shield is suitable for being arranged on the surfaces of a plurality of battery cells in the battery assembly, each surface is suitable for being provided with an explosion-proof piece, the protection piece is arranged in the heat shield, the protection piece is provided with a first end face and a second end face which are opposite in the thickness direction, the first end face is suitable for being abutted with the surface, the second end face and the inner wall of the heat shield form a heat dissipation channel, the protection piece is provided with a weak area, the weak area is suitable for being penetrated by heat flow discharged by the explosion-proof pieces of the battery cells, so that the heat flow enters the heat dissipation channel, and the second end face of the protection piece is also provided with a hardening area, and the hardening area is suitable for hardening when the heat flow enters the second end face in the heat dissipation channel. In one embodiment of the application, the guard is made of ceramic foam. In one embodiment of the application, the first end face of the guard member is provided with a plurality of grooves, the notch of each groove is suitable for being opposite to one explosion-proof member, and the width of the notch is larger than the width of the bottom of the groove in the length direction of the guard member. In one embodiment of the application, the width of the notch is greater than the width of the groove bottom of the groove in the length direction of the protective piece, and/or the width of the explosion-proof piece is smaller than the width of the notch and greater than the width of the groove bottom in the length direction of the protective piece. In one embodiment of the application, the second end face is provided with a first edge and a second edge which are opposite in the length direction of the protective piece, the heat shield is provided with a first inner wall and a second inner wall which are opposite, the first edge is abutted with the first inner wall, the second edge is abutted with the second inner wall, the heat shield further comprises a third inner wall which is opposite to the second end face in the thickness direction of the protective piece, the first edge extends towards the heat dissipation channel and is abutted with the first inner wall, and the second edge extends towards the heat dissipation channel and is abutted with the second inner wall and is extended with the second extension. In one embodiment of the present application, the first extension portion further abuts against the third inner wall, and the second extension portion further abuts against the third inner wall. In one embodiment of the present application, the guard further includes a third extension portion, two ends of the third extension portion are connected to the first extension portion and the second extension portion respectively in a length direction of the guard, and the third extension portion is further abutted to the third inner wall. In one embodiment of the application, the first extension part completely covers the first inner wall, the s