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CN-224204767-U - Power supply reverse connection preventing device, controller, power supply system and vehicle

CN224204767UCN 224204767 UCN224204767 UCN 224204767UCN-224204767-U

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply reverse connection preventing device, a controller, a power supply system and a vehicle, wherein the power supply reverse connection preventing device comprises a power supply connecting end, a load connecting end, a first switching circuit, a second switching circuit and a second switching circuit, wherein the power supply connecting end is used for connecting an energy storage element, the load connecting end is used for connecting a load, the first end of the first switching circuit is connected with the first end of the power supply connecting end and/or the first end of the load connecting end, the second end of the first switching circuit is connected with the second end of the power supply connecting end, the third end of the first switching circuit is connected with a potential reference point, the first end of the second switching circuit is connected with the second end of the power supply connecting end, and the third end of the second switching circuit is connected with the potential reference point. The power supply reverse connection preventing device has the advantages of high response speed and strong working condition applicability when realizing power supply reverse connection preventing protection.

Inventors

  • YU LONG
  • XU SHUMING
  • SONG JIALIANG
  • ZHOU YAOPENG
  • CHEN CHIZHANG

Assignees

  • 比亚迪股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20250326

Claims (17)

  1. 1. A reverse connection prevention device for a power supply, the device comprising: A power supply connection (100) for connecting an energy storage element; A load connection terminal (200) for connecting a load; A first switch circuit (10), a first end of the first switch circuit (10) is connected with a first end of a power supply connection end (100) and/or a first end of a load connection end (200), a second end of the first switch circuit (10) is connected with a second end of the power supply connection end (100), a third end of the first switch circuit (10) is connected with a potential reference point, and the first switch circuit (10) is configured to establish connection between the second end of the power supply connection end (100) and the second end of the load connection end (200) when the first end of the power supply connection end (100) is supplied with positive voltage; the first end of the second switch circuit (20) is connected with the second end of the power supply connection end (100), the second end of the second switch circuit (20) is connected with the first end of the first switch circuit (10), the third end of the second switch circuit (20) is connected with a potential reference point, and the second switch circuit (20) is configured to trigger the first switch circuit (10) to disconnect the second end of the power supply connection end (100) from the second end of the load connection end (200) when the second end of the power supply connection end (100) is supplied with positive voltage.
  2. 2. The reverse power supply connection preventing device according to claim 1, wherein the first switching circuit (10) comprises a first switching tube (Q1), a first end of the first switching tube (Q1) is connected to a first end of the power supply connection terminal (100) and a first end of the load connection terminal (200), a second end of the first switching tube (Q1) is connected to a second end of the power supply connection terminal (100), and a third end of the first switching tube (Q1) is connected to a potential reference point.
  3. 3. The reverse power supply connection preventing device according to claim 2, wherein the first switching circuit (10) further comprises a first current limiting resistor (R1), a first end of the first current limiting resistor (R1) is connected to the first end of the power supply connection terminal (100) and the first end of the load connection terminal (200), and a second end of the first current limiting resistor (R1) is connected to the first end of the first switching tube (Q1).
  4. 4. A power supply anti-reverse connection device according to claim 3, characterized in that the first switching circuit (10) further comprises a first filter capacitor (C1), a first end of the first filter capacitor (C1) being connected to a first end of the first switching tube (Q1), a second end of the first filter capacitor (C1) being connected to a third end of the first switching tube (Q1).
  5. 5. A power supply reverse connection preventing device according to claim 3, wherein the first switch circuit (10) further comprises M unidirectional diodes (d2\d3), the M unidirectional diodes (d2\d3) are connected with the N power supplies (100) and the N loads (200), wherein M is less than or equal to N, the anodes of the unidirectional diodes (d2\d3) are connected with the first end of the power supply connection terminal (100) with the same priority and the first end of the load connection terminal (200) with the same priority, and the cathodes of the unidirectional diodes are connected with the first end of the first current limiting resistor (R1).
  6. 6. A power supply anti-reverse connection device according to claim 3, characterized in that the first switching circuit (10) further comprises a pressure relief resistor (R2), a first end of the pressure relief resistor (R2) being connected to the first end of the first switching tube (Q1), a second end of the pressure relief resistor (R2) being connected to the third end of the first switching tube (Q1).
  7. 7. The reverse power supply device according to any one of claims 3-6, wherein the first switching circuit (10) further comprises a zener diode (D1), a first end of the zener diode (D1) being connected to the first end of the first switching tube (Q1), and a second end of the zener diode (D1) being connected to the third end of the first switching tube (Q1).
  8. 8. The reverse power supply connection prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second switching circuit (20) comprises a second switching tube (Q2), a first end of the second switching tube (Q2) is connected to a second end of the power supply connection terminal (100), a second end of the second switching tube (Q2) is connected to a first end of the first switching tube (Q1), and a third end of the second switching tube (Q2) is connected to a potential reference point.
  9. 9. The reverse power supply connection preventing device according to claim 8, wherein the second switching circuit (20) further comprises a second current limiting resistor (R3), a first end of the second current limiting resistor (R3) is connected to the second end of the power supply connection terminal (100), and a second end of the second current limiting resistor (R3) is connected to the first end of the second switching tube (Q2).
  10. 10. The reverse power supply connection preventing device according to claim 9, wherein the second switching circuit (20) further comprises a second filter capacitor (C2), a first end of the second filter capacitor (C2) is connected to a first end of the second switching tube (Q2), and a second end of the second filter capacitor (C2) is connected to a potential reference point.
  11. 11. The reverse power supply arrangement according to claim 1, further comprising a port circuit (30), a first end of the port circuit (30) being connected to a first end of a power supply connection (100) and to a first end of a load connection (200), a second end of the port circuit (30) being connected to a second end of the power supply connection (100), the port circuit (30) being configured to filter an output voltage of the power supply (100).
  12. 12. The reverse connection preventing device for power supply according to claim 2, wherein the first switching tube (Q1) is an N-type MOS tube.
  13. 13. The reverse connection preventing device for power supply according to claim 8, wherein the second switching tube (Q2) is an NPN transistor or an N-type MOS tube.
  14. 14. A controller (300) comprising a power supply anti-reverse arrangement (301) according to any one of claims 1-13.
  15. 15. A power supply system (400) comprising a power source, a load, and the controller (300) of claim 14.
  16. 16. The power supply system according to claim 15, wherein the power supply system (400) further comprises an electrolytic capacitor, the positive electrode of which is connected to the first end of the corresponding power supply connection terminal (100) and the first end of the corresponding load connection terminal (200), and the negative electrode of which is connected to the second end of the corresponding load connection terminal (200) and the third end of the first switching circuit (10) of the power supply anti-reverse connection device (301) in the controller (300).
  17. 17. A vehicle (1000) comprising the power supply system (400) of claim 15.

Description

Power supply reverse connection preventing device, controller, power supply system and vehicle Technical Field The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle power supply, in particular to a power supply reverse connection preventing device, a controller, a power supply system and a vehicle. Background The automobile controller generally needs to perform reverse connection protection on the power input port so as to protect the components on the controller from burning out when the polarity of the power supply is reversed. The related anti-reverse protection often adopts a high-side diode anti-reverse measure and a low-side anti-reverse measure. However, the high-side diode anti-reflection measures have large power consumption and low efficiency, and are not suitable for complex external load conditions. The low-side anti-reflection measures have the defects that the cutting-off speed is not fast enough, the dynamic anti-reflection function cannot be realized, and the elements cannot be effectively protected when certain working conditions are in reverse connection. Disclosure of utility model The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the utility model aims to provide the power supply reverse connection preventing device which has the advantages of high response speed and strong working condition applicability while realizing the power supply reverse connection preventing protection. A second object of the present utility model is to propose a controller. A third object of the present utility model is to propose a power supply system. A fourth object of the present utility model is to propose a vehicle. To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model provides a reverse power supply connection preventing device, which includes a power supply connection terminal for connecting an energy storage element, a load connection terminal for connecting a load, a first switch circuit, a first terminal of which is connected to a first terminal of the power supply connection terminal and/or a first terminal of the load connection terminal, a second terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the power supply connection terminal, a third terminal of which is connected to a potential reference point, the first switch circuit being configured to establish connection of the second terminal of the power supply connection terminal to the second terminal of the load connection terminal when the first terminal of the power supply connection terminal supplies a positive voltage, and a second switch circuit, the first terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the power supply connection terminal, the second terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the first switch circuit, the third terminal of which is connected to a potential reference point, the second switch circuit being configured to trigger the connection of the first terminal of the power supply connection terminal of the second switch circuit to the first terminal of the power supply connection terminal when the first terminal of the power supply connection terminal supplies a positive voltage. According to the power supply reverse connection preventing device, the first switching circuit and the second switching circuit are arranged on the loop formed between the power supply and the load, the first switching circuit can establish connection between the second end of the power supply and the second end of the load when the first end of the power supply supplies positive voltage, and the quick connection is realized when the power supply is in forward connection, and when the power supply is in reverse connection, the second switching circuit is used for triggering the first switching circuit to disconnect the connection between the second end of the power supply and the second end of the load, so that the quick disconnection is realized when the power supply is in reverse connection. The device has the advantages of high response speed and strong working condition applicability while realizing reverse connection prevention protection of the power supply. In addition, the power supply reverse connection preventing device according to the embodiment of the utility model may further have the following additional technical features: In some examples, the first switching circuit includes a first switching tube, a first end of the first switching tube is connected to a first end of the power supply connection end and a first end of the load connection end, a second end of the first switching tube is connected to a second end of the power supply connection end, and a third end of the first switching tube is connected to a potential reference point. In some examples, the first switching circuit further includes a first current limiting resistor having a first end connected to the first end of the pow