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CN-224205736-U - Suspension type chinese yam harvester

CN224205736UCN 224205736 UCN224205736 UCN 224205736UCN-224205736-U

Abstract

The utility model discloses a suspension type Chinese yam harvester which comprises a tractor, a ditching mechanism, a vibrating shovel mechanism, a soil cleaning and conveying device and a collecting and backfilling mechanism, wherein the tractor is connected with the ditching mechanism, the vibrating shovel mechanism and the soil cleaning and conveying device, the ditching mechanism is provided with a ditching chain and a ditching knife, the vibrating shovel mechanism is provided with a vibrating frame, a conveying grid and a vibrating soil breaking blade, cage-shaped soil removing rollers are arranged on a frame body of the soil cleaning and conveying device at intervals, the collecting and backfilling mechanism comprises a collecting and soil removing rotary roller and a ridging soil returning disc, and soil is collected between the two discs in the rotating process of the ridging soil returning disc. The device can complete the whole working processes of ditching, yam vibration shoveling, yam soil removing, conveying and collecting in operation.

Inventors

  • CAO BO
  • ZHANG YUESHAN
  • HUO WEI
  • ZHENG ZECHENG
  • Lou Huitian
  • Pang Yukun
  • ZHAO YING

Assignees

  • 聊城大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20250423

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a suspension type chinese yam harvester, includes tractor (1), ditching mechanism (2), vibration shovel receive mechanism (3), clear native conveyor (4), collects and backfill soil mechanism (5), its characterized in that: the tractor (1) is connected with a driving ditching mechanism (2), a vibrating shoveling mechanism (3) and a soil cleaning conveying device (4); The ditching mechanism (2) is provided with a pair of ditching chains (202) which are arranged at intervals, ditching cutters (203) which are arranged at intervals are arranged on the ditching chains, and the ditching chains are driven to operate so as to drive the ditching cutters (203) to work; The vibrating shovel collecting mechanism (3) is arranged at the rear side of the ditching mechanism (2), the vibrating shovel collecting mechanism (3) is provided with a vibrating frame, the vibrating frame is driven to continuously vibrate, the bottom end of the vibrating frame is connected with a conveying grid (310), and the front end of the conveying grid (310) is provided with a vibrating ground breaking blade (316); The soil cleaning and conveying device (4) is arranged at the rear side of the vibrating shovel collecting mechanism (3), the soil cleaning and conveying device (4) comprises a driving motor (401), cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402), side guard plates (403) and chain conveying protecting covers (404), the soil cleaning and conveying device (4) is provided with a frame body, the cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402) are arranged on the frame body at intervals, a rotating interval is arranged between the adjacent cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402), the driving motor (401) drives the cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402) to rotate through a transmission chain, the soil cleaning and conveying device (4) is obliquely arranged, the bottom end of the soil cleaning and conveying device is arranged below the vibrating shovel collecting mechanism (3), the top end of the soil cleaning and conveying device is arranged at the collecting and backfilling mechanism (5), the side guard plates (403) are arranged at the two sides of the cage-shaped soil removing rollers (402), and the chain conveying protecting covers (404) are arranged at the transmission chain; The collecting and backfilling mechanism (5) comprises a collecting and soil removing rotary roller (501), a collecting and backfilling base plate (502) and a ridging soil returning disc (503), wherein a soil falling opening is formed in the front side of the collecting and backfilling base plate (502), collecting and soil removing rotary rollers (501) are arranged in the soil falling opening at intervals, two ends of the collecting and soil removing rotary roller (501) are hinged to the collecting and backfilling base plate (502), a pair of ridging soil returning discs (503) are arranged on the bottom surface of the rear side of the collecting and backfilling base plate (502), the ridging soil returning disc (503) is hinged to the bottom end of a disc frame, the top end of the disc frame is connected with the collecting and backfilling base plate (502), the front end of the ridging soil returning disc (503) is large, the rear end of the ridging soil returning disc (503) is small, and soil is collected to the middle of the two discs in the rotation process.
  2. 2. The hanging type Chinese yam harvester according to claim 1, wherein the ditching mechanism (2) is provided with a worm gear speed reducer (201), a ditching chain (202), a driving sprocket A (204), a driven sprocket B (205), a spiral mud discharging rotor (206), a lower wheel frame (207) and a ditching transmission shaft (212), the worm gear speed reducer (201) drives the driving sprocket A (204) through the ditching transmission shaft (212) and the JFL type elastic sleeve pin coupling (9) on two sides, and the driving sprocket A (204) drives the driven sprocket B (205) through the ditching chain (202).
  3. 3. The hanging type Chinese yam harvester of claim 1, wherein the ditching mechanism (2) is further provided with a driven sprocket C (208), a ditching frame (209), an upper wheel frame (211), a side wheel frame (210) and a lower wheel frame (207), the driving sprocket A (204) is installed on the upper wheel frame (211), the upper wheel frame (211) is connected to the upper end of the ditching frame (209), the lower wheel frame (207) is connected to the lower end of the ditching frame (209), one side of the ditching frame (209) is connected with the side wheel frame (210), the upper wheel frame (211) is connected with the driving sprocket A (204), the side wheel frame (210) is provided with the driven sprocket B (205), the lower wheel frame (207) is connected with the driven sprocket C (208), and the driven sprocket B (205) is connected with the spiral sludge discharge rotor (206).
  4. 4. The hanging type yam harvester according to claim 1, wherein the vibration frame comprises a vibration mechanism input shaft (301), a two-stud vertical bearing seat (302), a driving sprocket F (303), a sprocket frame (304), a vibration supporting shaft (305), a bearing seat supporting frame (306), a vibration front supporting arm (307), a vibration soil removing baffle plate (308), an eccentric wheel shaft (309), an eccentric wheel (312), a vertical seat bearing (313), a driven chain (314) and a vibration rear connecting rod (315), the driving sprocket F (303) is arranged on the vibration mechanism input shaft (301), the driven chain (314) is arranged between the driving sprocket F (303) and the driven sprocket, the driven sprocket is arranged on the eccentric wheel shaft (309), the eccentric wheel shaft (309) is connected with one end of the bearing seat supporting frame (306) through 2 vertical seat bearings (313), the other end of the bearing seat supporting frame (306) is connected with the top end of the frame (12), two ends of the eccentric wheel shaft (309) are respectively connected with the top end of the vibration rear connecting rod (312), the eccentric wheel (312) is rotationally driven to vibrate the rear connecting rod (315), two ends of the vibration supporting shaft (305) are respectively connected with the two ends of the vertical stud supporting frame (315) through two vertical bearing shafts (302), the bottom ends of the two vibrating front supporting arms (307) and the two vibrating rear connecting rods (315) are connected with the conveying grid (310) and the vibrating ground breaking blade (316).
  5. 5. The hanging type Chinese yam harvester as in claim 4, wherein a chain wheel frame (304) is further arranged on the eccentric wheel shaft (309), one end of the chain wheel frame (304) is connected with and supports the eccentric wheel shaft (309), the other end of the chain wheel frame (304) is connected with the frame (12), and the eccentric wheel shaft (309) is connected with and provided with a driving chain wheel F (303) on one side of the chain wheel frame (304).
  6. 6. The hanging type Chinese yam harvester according to claim 4, wherein a shoveling support shaft (311) is arranged between the bottom ends of the two vibrating front support arms (307) and between the bottom ends of the two vibrating rear connecting rods (315), and the two shoveling support shafts (311) are connected with the conveying grid (310) and the vibrating shoveling and breaking blade (316).
  7. 7. The hanging type yam harvester as in claim 1, wherein the two sides of the conveying grid (310) are provided with vibration soil removing baffles (308).
  8. 8. The hanging type Chinese yam harvester as set forth in claim 1, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the cage-shaped soil removing roller (402) is provided with roller strips arranged at intervals, the outer side surface of the roller strips is a plane, the plane is provided with an adhesive layer, and an interval is arranged between the roller strips.

Description

Suspension type chinese yam harvester Technical Field The utility model relates to harvesting machinery, in particular to a suspension type Chinese yam harvester. Background There are two modes of yam harvesting, namely manual harvesting and mechanical harvesting. Manual harvesting is limited to small-scale sporadic planting, and mechanical harvesting is needed for large-scale and commercial planting. The mechanical harvesting machine comprises a suspension mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a ditching mechanism and a vibration shoveling mechanism, wherein the suspension mechanism comprises a frame and a suspension, the frame is connected with a tractor, the transmission mechanism comprises a gearbox and a hydraulic motor, an output shaft of the gearbox is connected with the ditching mechanism, an output end of the hydraulic motor is connected with the vibration shoveling mechanism, the ditching mechanism comprises a ditching chain, a ditching chain supporting frame and a spiral soil discharger, the ditching chains are in two groups which are arranged side by side, each group comprises a chain, a driving chain wheel and a driven chain wheel, the chains are connected with ditching chain cutters, the spiral soil discharger is connected with the suspension mechanism, the spiral soil discharger and the ditching chain are offset to one side of the suspension, the vibration shoveling mechanism comprises a vibration shovel, an eccentric wheel and a vibration rod, an output end of the hydraulic motor is connected with the eccentric wheel through a transmission component, an upper end of the vibration rod is connected with the eccentric wheel, and a lower end of the vibration rod is connected with the vibration shovel. The tractor drives the whole machine to move forward by utilizing the three-point suspension device, at the moment, an output shaft of the tractor is connected with a gearbox through a universal joint to drive a ditching chain and a spiral soil discharger to start working, a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder on a frame respectively realize the change of digging depth and angle, meanwhile, the tractor conveys energy to a hydraulic motor through an oil pipe, the hydraulic motor drives an eccentric wheel to rotate, then a vibrating shovel is driven by a vibrating rod and a fixed rod to realize up-and-down reciprocating motion of the mechanism, chinese yam is separated from soil, and finally, the Chinese yam can be directly pulled out of loose soil by hand along with the advance of the tractor. The automatic Chinese yam harvester has the problems that manual extraction is still needed for Chinese yam harvesting, automatic harvesting cannot be completed, and the manual extraction has the problem of low harvesting efficiency due to high mechanical setting working efficiency. Although the machine realizes the functions of ditching, breaking soil, separating vegetable from soil and the like, in actual operation, the yam is easy to break or damage in the mechanical harvesting process due to high brittleness. The damage rate of the existing mechanical harvesting equipment is high, and the commodity value of the Chinese yam is affected. The transmission mechanism and the vibrating shovel collecting mechanism of the machine are complex in structure, and relate to a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, chains, bearings and other parts, so that the installation and maintenance are complex, and the replacement cost of parts is high. The design of the hydraulic motor driving vibration mechanism causes the system pressure pulsation to be unstable, causes the temperature of the hydraulic oil to rise sharply along with the increase of the working time, and after 4 hours of continuous operation, the viscosity of the hydraulic oil is reduced by 35 percent, and the failure probability of the sealing element is improved by 6 times. The automatic ditching machine is completely dependent on manual picking, major accidents are most likely to occur in the working process, the ditching chain is not protected, and the manual picking is extremely easy to have life danger. 2 workers are required to pick up the yam in the process of picking up the yam, and the comprehensive cost of the yam picking up machine is 1.8 times of that of manual harvesting. Disclosure of utility model The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a suspension type Chinese yam harvester, which can complete the whole working processes of ditching, chinese yam vibration shoveling, chinese yam soil removing, conveying and collecting in operation. In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical means: A suspension type Chinese yam harvester comprises a tractor, a ditching mechanism, a vibrating shovel-collecting mechanism, a soil cleaning and conveying device and a collecting and backfilling mechanism. The tractor is connected with a driving ditching mechanism, a vibrating sho