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CN-224218837-U - Collecting and crushing structure for green manure and straw combined deep turning and returning

CN224218837UCN 224218837 UCN224218837 UCN 224218837UCN-224218837-U

Abstract

The utility model relates to a collecting and crushing structure for returning green manure and straw to the field by combining deep turning, and aims to solve the problems of low returning operation efficiency and high energy consumption in the prior art. The device mainly comprises a driving device, a collecting assembly, a cleaning assembly and a crushing assembly. The driving device synchronously drives the components to perform staggered rotation with parallel and coplanar axes through the belt. The cylindrical collecting shaft of the collecting assembly is uniformly provided with serrated collecting blades, and the surface of the collecting assembly is provided with a conical filtering hole array with gradually decreasing pore diameters, so that preliminary crushing and impurity screening of materials are realized. The elastic poking piece group of the cleaning assembly is dynamically matched with the collecting blade by means of the butterfly-shaped spring piece, so that winding impurities are effectively removed. The arc cutting edge groups of the crushing assembly are spirally arranged, a tapered crushing cavity is formed with the discharge port of the cleaning assembly, and the efficient crushing is ensured by matching with a specific rake angle and an enveloping angle design.

Inventors

  • FAN ZHILONG
  • Nan Yunyou
  • LI HANTING
  • YIN WEN
  • HU FALONG
  • ZHAO CAI
  • YU AIZHONG

Assignees

  • 甘肃农业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20250603

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The collecting and crushing structure for the deep-ploughing returning of green manure and straw is characterized by comprising a driving device (1), a collecting assembly (2), a cleaning assembly (3) and a crushing assembly (4); The driving device (1) synchronously drives the collecting assembly (2), the cleaning assembly (3) and the crushing assembly (4) to perform staggered rotation with parallel and coplanar axes through the belt (11); The collecting assembly (2) comprises a cylindrical collecting shaft (21) and saw-tooth collecting blades (22) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the surface of the collecting blade (22) is provided with a conical filtering hole (23) array with decreasing aperture; The cleaning assembly (3) comprises a cleaning shaft (31) with the same diameter as the collecting shaft (21) and an elastic poking plate group (32) which is arranged in a circumferential dislocation way, and the poking plate group (32) and the collecting blade (22) form a radially staggered comb structure; The crushing assembly (4) comprises a crushing shaft (41) with the diameter larger than that of the collecting shaft (21) and an arc-shaped cutting edge group (42) which is spirally arranged, and the cutting edge group (42) and a discharge hole of the cleaning assembly (3) form a tapered crushing cavity (43).
  2. 2. The collecting and crushing structure for combined deep turning and returning of green manure and straw is characterized in that the collecting shaft (21), the cleaning shaft (31) and the crushing shaft (41) are sequentially arranged in an isosceles triangle shape according to an operation flow, the distance between the collecting shaft (21) and the crushing shaft (41) is 2.5 times of the diameter of the cleaning shaft (31), and a working plane is formed by a triaxial center line.
  3. 3. The collecting and crushing structure for combined deep turning and returning of green manure and straw is characterized in that the elastic plectrum group (32) is in dynamic fit with the collecting blade (22) through a butterfly-shaped spring piece (321), and the tail end of the plectrum is provided with textures meshed with a tooth groove (221) of the collecting blade.
  4. 4. The collecting and crushing structure for combined deep turning and returning of green manure and straw as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cutting edges (421) of the arc-shaped cutting edge group (42) are distributed in a 30-degree rake angle spiral line, and the cutting tip track and the axis of the crushing shaft (41) form a 55-degree enveloping angle.
  5. 5. The collecting and crushing structure for combined deep turning and returning of green manure and straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving device (1) comprises a double-output-shaft motor, the collecting shaft (21) and the crushing shaft (41) are synchronously driven by a multi-wedge belt, and the cleaning shaft (31) is driven by an intermediate gap bridge gear train.
  6. 6. The collecting and crushing structure for combined deep turning and returning of green manure and straw as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the tooth height of the collecting blade (22) to the inlet height of the crushing cavity (43) is 1:1.8, and the ratio of the amplitude of the elastic poking piece group (32) to the tooth pitch of the collecting blade is 1.2:1.
  7. 7. The collecting and crushing structure for combined deep turning and returning of green manure and straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein the large end aperture of the conical filter hole (23) is 8mm, the small end aperture is 3mm, and the thickness ratio of the hole depth to the collecting blade (22) is 2:1.
  8. 8. The collecting and crushing structure for combined deep turning and returning of green manure and straw is characterized in that the collecting assembly (2), the cleaning assembly (3) and the crushing assembly (4) adopt octagonal centering structures through connecting flanges (5), annular V-shaped positioning grooves are formed in the joint surfaces of the flanges, and bolt holes are uniformly distributed at intervals of 30 degrees.
  9. 9. The collecting and crushing structure for combined deep turning and returning of green manure and straw as set forth in claim 1, wherein the collecting blade (22) has WC-Co hard alloy coating on its surface and the cutting blade set (42) is made of gradient hardened high manganese steel.

Description

Collecting and crushing structure for green manure and straw combined deep turning and returning Technical Field The utility model provides a collecting and crushing structure, and particularly relates to a collecting and crushing structure for combining green manure and straw to deeply turn and return to the field. Background In the agricultural mechanized process, the green manure and straw returning device is used as key equipment for improving soil fertility and optimizing agricultural ecology, and has the core functions of efficiently collecting, cleaning and crushing crop residues. However, the existing related devices are designed in a split type, and the collecting, cleaning and crushing links are mutually independent, so that secondary pollution and energy consumption waste are easy to occur in the material transferring process. The collection component of the traditional device is usually of a single-stage rake tooth structure, the filtering precision and the crushing efficiency are limited, the cleaning component is lack of a dynamic matching mechanism and is easy to lose efficacy due to winding blockage, the crushing component is cut by relying on a vertical blade, the crushing uniformity is poor, and massive residues are easy to be entrained. In addition, the components lack of cooperative transmission design, the operation continuity is poor, and the agricultural requirements of large-scale continuous cropping fields are difficult to adapt. Disclosure of utility model The application aims to solve the problems, and solves the problems that the existing components lack of a cooperative transmission design, the operation continuity is poor and the large-scale continuous cropping field is difficult to adapt by providing a collecting and crushing structure for combining green manure with straw deep-ploughing and returning. In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme that the collecting and crushing structure for the green manure and straw combined deep turning and returning field comprises the following components: the driving device synchronously drives the collecting assembly, the cleaning assembly and the crushing assembly to perform staggered rotation with parallel and coplanar axes through a belt; The collecting assembly comprises a cylindrical collecting shaft and zigzag collecting blades uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a conical filter hole array with the aperture decreasing is arranged on the surface of each collecting blade; The cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning shaft with the same diameter as the collecting shaft and an elastic plectrum group which is arranged in a circumferential dislocation way, and the plectrum group and the collecting blade form a radial staggered comb structure; The crushing assembly comprises a crushing shaft with the diameter larger than that of the collecting shaft and an arc-shaped cutting blade group which is spirally arranged, and the cutting blade group and a discharge hole of the cleaning assembly form a tapered crushing cavity. Preferably, the collecting shaft, the cleaning shaft and the crushing shaft are sequentially arranged in an isosceles triangle shape according to the operation flow, the distance between the collecting shaft and the crushing shaft is 2.5 times of the diameter of the cleaning shaft, and the three-shaft center connecting line forms a working plane. Preferably, the elastic plectrum group is in dynamic fit with the collecting blade through a butterfly-shaped spring piece, and the tail end of the plectrum is provided with a hemispherical protrusion corresponding to a tooth socket of the collecting blade to form a periodical flapping material cleaning mechanism. Preferably, the cutting edges of the arc-shaped cutting edge groups are distributed in a 30-degree forward inclination spiral line, and the cutting edge tracks and the axis of the crushing shaft form a 55-degree enveloping angle to form a bidirectional shearing crushing surface. Preferably, the driving device comprises a double-output shaft motor, the collecting shaft and the crushing shaft are synchronously driven by the V-ribbed belt, and the cleaning shaft is driven by the intermediate gap bridge gear train, so that a rotation speed ratio configuration of 1:1.2:0.8 is formed. Preferably, the ratio of the tooth height of the collecting blade to the height of the inlet of the crushing cavity is 1:1.8, and the ratio of the amplitude of the cleaning poking piece to the tooth pitch of the collecting blade is 1.2:1, so that the dimension chain relation of continuous material transmission is formed. Preferably, the diameter of the large end of the conical filter hole is 8mm, the diameter of the small end of the conical filter hole is 3mm, and the thickness ratio of the depth of the conical filter hole to the thickness of the collecting blade is 2:1, so that a gradient filter channel is formed. Pref