CN-224221303-U - Fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction

CN224221303UCN 224221303 UCN224221303 UCN 224221303UCN-224221303-U

Abstract

The utility model provides a fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction, and relates to the technical field of chemical equipment. The fixed bed reactor comprises a tank body which is horizontally arranged, wherein a catalyst and medium heat exchange type heating device is arranged in the tank body, a feed pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged at the upper part of the tank body, and the air outlet pipe is connected with a negative pressure conveying system and is used for pumping decomposed gas to downstream equipment. The fixed bed reactor can make the raw materials fully contact with the heat exchange tube and the catalyst, and the raw materials are heated uniformly, thereby being beneficial to improving the pyrolysis rate. The fixed bed reactor adopts a negative pressure conveying mode, firstly does not use carrier gas any more, meets the requirement of a production process, secondly does not consider the crystallization and blockage problems caused by conveying liquid raw materials by a pump, and thirdly can reduce the pyrolysis temperature of the raw materials in a negative pressure environment and is beneficial to the reaction in the pyrolysis direction. In addition, the fixed bed reactor can realize continuous production, is energy-saving and environment-friendly and has high efficiency.

Inventors

YU JIAMING
YU YANLING
LI YINXUE

Assignees

哈工大郑州研究院
哈尔滨工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250603

Claims (10)

1. A fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction is characterized by comprising a tank body which is horizontally arranged, wherein a catalyst and medium heat exchange type heating device is arranged in the tank body, a feed pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged at the upper part of the tank body, and the air outlet pipe is connected with a negative pressure conveying system and used for pumping decomposed gas to downstream equipment.
2. A fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction according to claim 1, wherein the tank body is in a strip shape, the section of the tank body is round or rectangular, a window is arranged on the tank body, and a heat preservation layer is arranged outside the tank body.
3. A fixed bed reactor for a negative pressure pyrolysis reaction as set forth in claim 1 wherein the catalyst is attached to the surface of a porous monolith support material filled in a canister.
4. The fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction according to claim 1, wherein the medium heat exchange type heating device mainly comprises heat exchange tubes, end tube plates and supporting tube plates, wherein the end tube plates are arranged at two ends of the tank body, the supporting tube plates are arranged at the middle part of the tank body, and high-temperature medium is introduced into the heat exchange tubes.
5. A fixed bed reactor for a negative pressure pyrolysis reaction as set forth in claim 4 wherein a plurality of heat exchange tubes are connected between a pair of end tube sheets, one of which is provided with a medium inlet chamber and a medium outlet chamber, and the other of which is provided with a medium return chamber.
6. A fixed bed reactor for a negative pressure pyrolysis reaction as set forth in claim 4 wherein the support tube sheet divides the tank into a plurality of communicated cells, and wherein an overhaul bin and an air outlet manifold are provided at an upper portion of each cell, each air outlet manifold being communicated with the air outlet pipe.
7. A fixed bed reactor for a negative pressure pyrolysis reaction as set forth in claim 6 wherein flow notches are provided in the support tube sheets, the flow notches in each support tube sheet being staggered.
8. A fixed bed reactor for a negative pressure pyrolysis reaction according to claim 1 wherein the negative pressure delivery system is composed of a vacuum pump, a negative pressure tank and connecting pipes.
9. A fixed bed reactor for a negative pressure pyrolysis reaction according to claim 1 wherein a residue discharging pipe is provided at a lower portion of the tank.
10. A fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction according to claim 1 wherein the portion of the feed pipe located in the tank is horizontally provided with a plurality of weeping holes, and the feed pipe is connected to the negative pressure delivery system through an air outlet pipe for feeding raw materials from the upstream equipment into the tank.

Description

Fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction Technical Field The utility model particularly relates to a fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction, and relates to the technical field of chemical equipment. Background The pyrolysis fixed bed reactor is a device for decomposing organic matters by heating, and the working principle is that a catalyst is accumulated in the reactor, catalytic pyrolysis occurs after raw materials enter the reactor, and pyrolysis gas is carried out of the reactor by carrier gas (usually nitrogen). For the production of certain chemical products, the existing fixed bed reactors have the following problems: 1. The existing fixed bed reactor generally adopts the mode of electric heating, gas heating or hearth heating, which is easy to cause uneven heating of raw materials and affects pyrolysis reaction; 2. The existing fixed bed reactor is normally arranged vertically, firstly, the raw materials are not fully contacted with the catalyst, secondly, the release space of pyrolysis gas is limited, and the pyrolysis reaction is not facilitated; 3. the existing fixed bed reactor is suitable for batch production and is not suitable for continuous production; 4. the production process is not suitable for introducing carrier gas. Disclosure of utility model In order to overcome the defects in the background technology, the utility model discloses a fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction, which adopts the following technical scheme: A fixed bed reactor for negative pressure pyrolysis reaction comprises a tank body which is horizontally arranged, a catalyst and medium heat exchange type heating device is arranged in the tank body, a feed pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged at the upper part of the tank body, wherein the air outlet pipe is connected with a negative pressure conveying system and used for pumping decomposed gas to downstream equipment. According to the further improved technical scheme, the tank body is in a strip shape, the section of the tank body is round or rectangular, a window is arranged on the tank body, and an insulating layer is arranged outside the tank body. According to a further improved technical scheme, the catalyst is attached to the surface of a porous massive carrier material, and the massive carrier material is filled in a tank body. The medium heat exchange type heating device mainly comprises a heat exchange tube, end tube plates and support tube plates, wherein the end tube plates are arranged at two ends of a tank body, the support tube plates are arranged at the middle part of the tank body, and high-temperature medium is introduced into the heat exchange tube. According to the further improved technical scheme, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are connected between a pair of end tube plates, a medium inlet cavity and a medium outlet cavity are formed in one end tube plate, and a medium return cavity is formed in the other end tube plate. The tank body is divided into a plurality of communicated separation cavities by the support tube plate, the upper part of each separation cavity is provided with an overhaul bin and an air outlet manifold, and each air outlet manifold is communicated with an air outlet pipe. The further improved technical scheme is that the support tube plates are provided with circulation gaps, and the circulation gaps on the support tube plates are arranged in a staggered manner. The negative pressure conveying system is composed of a vacuum pump, a negative pressure tank and a connecting pipeline. The technical proposal is further improved that a residue discharging pipe is arranged at the lower part of the tank body. The technical scheme is further improved that the part of the feeding pipe, which is positioned in the tank body, is horizontally provided with a plurality of leakage holes, and the feeding pipe is connected with a negative pressure conveying system through an air outlet pipe and is used for pumping raw materials into the tank body from upstream equipment. After the technical scheme is implemented, compared with the background technology, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: 1. the fixed bed reactor adopts a heating mode of medium heat exchange, and has the advantages of constant heating temperature, large heat exchange area and uniform heating of raw materials; 2. The fixed bed reactor is horizontally arranged, so that the liquid raw material can be fully contacted with the heat exchange tube and the catalyst to improve the pyrolysis rate, and the fixed bed reactor has a large enough space to be beneficial to the reaction to be carried out in the pyrolysis direction. 3. The fixed bed reactor adopts a negative pressure conveying mode, firstly does not use carrier gas any more, meets the requirement of a production process, secondly does not consider the crystallization and blockage problems caused by conveying liquid raw materials by using a pump, an