CN-224225076-U - Wheel wear monitoring device based on visual detection

CN224225076UCN 224225076 UCN224225076 UCN 224225076UCN-224225076-U

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wheel abrasion monitoring device based on visual detection, which belongs to the technical field of wheel detection and comprises four sets of image acquisition units which are arranged in pairs along two sides of a railway track, wherein each image acquisition unit comprises a sensor module, a line structure optical module and an image acquisition module which are linked with the sensor module, the sensor module is arranged at the bottom of the track, the line structure optical module and the image acquisition module are arranged at the outer side of the track, and vibration reduction structures are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the line structure optical module and the image acquisition module. Four sets of image acquisition unit sensor modules are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the track, so that the arrival of a train can be sensed, starting signals can be sent to the line structure light module and the image acquisition module, the line structure light module irradiates the line structure light to the wheel tread, the four image acquisition modules acquire images of different parts of the wheel tread, the whole circumference of the wheel is detected, the influence of impact vibration of the wheel track on a detection result is reduced through the vibration reduction structure, and the effective rate and the measurement accuracy of image data are improved.

Inventors

An Bokang
LUO PEIJIAN
XIE YUJIA
YUAN LAI
ZHANG CHAOGANG
LIANG XIAO
LIU PENGFEI
CAO JUNFEI
ZHAO CHAOFAN
WANG HUIMEI
Qin Aohan
WANG ZHIWEI

Assignees

石家庄铁道大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250730

Claims (9)

1. The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual detection is characterized by comprising two groups of monitoring assemblies which are respectively arranged along two sides of a railway track, wherein each group of monitoring assemblies comprises four sets of image acquisition units, the image acquisition units on the two sides of the railway track are symmetrically arranged and are respectively used for detecting the tread of wheels on the two sides of a train from front and back directions; The image acquisition units comprise line structure light modules, image acquisition modules and sensor modules, wherein the line structure light modules are used for irradiating line structure light to the wheel treads, the image acquisition modules of the four sets of image acquisition units are used for acquiring images of different parts of the wheel treads, the sensor modules are arranged at the bottoms of the tracks and used for sensing arrival of trains, the line structure light modules and the image acquisition modules are arranged at the outer sides of the tracks and are electrically connected with the sensor modules, and vibration reduction structures are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the line structure light modules and the image acquisition modules.
2. The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual inspection according to claim 1, wherein the vibration damping structure comprises a longitudinal vibration damping structure and a transverse vibration damping structure, the line structure optical module is arranged on a supporting seat at the bottom of the longitudinal vibration damping structure, the supporting seat of the longitudinal vibration damping structure is connected with the supporting plate through a supporting seat, the transverse vibration damping structure is arranged at the top of the longitudinal vibration damping structure, and the line structure optical module and the image acquisition module are respectively connected with the transverse vibration damping structure.
3. The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual inspection is characterized in that the longitudinal vibration reduction structure comprises an inverted Y-shaped supporting seat, a top plate, two first side rods and two second side rods, wherein the two first side rods are respectively parallel to the two second side rods, the upper ends of the two first side rods and the upper ends of the two second side rods are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the two sides of the top plate in a rotating mode, the lower ends of the two first side rods are respectively connected with the two sides of the tail end of a first support plate of the supporting seat in a rotating mode, the lower ends of the two second side rods are respectively connected with the two sides of the junction of the middle of the supporting seat in a rotating mode, the lower end of a second support plate of the supporting seat is connected with a supporting seat in a rotating mode, the middle of a third support plate of the supporting seat is connected with the lower end of the longitudinal vibration absorber, and the upper end of the longitudinal vibration absorber is connected with the middle of a connecting rod between the two first side rods in a rotating mode.
4. The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual inspection according to claim 3, wherein the transverse vibration reduction structure comprises two transverse vibration absorbers, two fixing blocks and two fixing rods, wherein the two transverse vibration absorbers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the fixing blocks, the upper ends of the transverse vibration absorbers are rotatably connected with the upper ends of the two sides of the fixing blocks, the lower ends of the transverse vibration absorbers are rotatably connected with the lower ends of the two sides of the fixing blocks through the fixing rods, the fixing blocks are arranged on a top plate, a double-lug seat is arranged in the middle of the fixing blocks, a mounting plate of the image acquisition module is rotatably connected with the double-lug seat through a damping rotating shaft, and the lower ends of the line structure optical modules are rotatably connected with the double-lug seat through the damping rotating shaft.
5. The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual inspection of claim 4, wherein the longitudinal vibration damper and the transverse vibration damper are oil spring vibration dampers.
6. The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual inspection according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module comprises a proximity sensor capable of being linked with the image acquisition module and a magnetic steel sensor, wherein the proximity sensor is arranged at the bottom edge of the outer side of the rail and used for monitoring the approach of a train, and the magnetic steel sensor is arranged at the inner side of the rail and connected with the bottom edge of the rail through a mounting seat.
7. The wheel wear monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the line structured light module is a laser capable of emitting a line structured light beam.
8. The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual inspection according to claim 1, wherein the image acquisition module is an industrial area camera.
9. The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual inspection according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the line structure light modules are obliquely arranged towards the wheel and have an elevation angle of 45 degrees, the line structure light modules of two groups of monitoring assemblies arranged front and back along the same side of the track are oppositely arranged and used for respectively irradiating the front side and the back side of the wheel tread, and the image acquisition module acquires images of the wheel tread.

Description

Wheel wear monitoring device based on visual detection Technical Field The utility model belongs to the technical field of wheel detection, and particularly relates to a wheel wear monitoring device based on visual detection. Background In recent years, the transportation of heavy haul railways in China realizes the spanning type development, the running speed of trains is continuously improved, the driving interval is continuously shortened, and the freight capacity is increased. When the train flies on a high-speed track, the wheel set receives the impact of multiple mechanical actions from the car body and the track surface, and the irreversible abrasion problem of the tread of the wheel set is extremely easy to occur. When abrasion reaches a certain degree, the guiding and bearing capacity of the wheel set is seriously reduced, and accidents such as derailment and the like are extremely easy to be caused when the wheel set passes through a curve or encounters an emergency, so that the life and property safety of passengers is seriously threatened. The traditional train wheel maintenance procedure is numerous and complicated, mainly relies on manual completion of inspection, recording and report generation, is easy to miss and has low efficiency. The traditional manual detection method is a caliper detection method, wherein the caliper detection tool adopts a composite design of a micrometer and a vernier caliper, although the measurement accuracy of 0.2mm can be realized, the efficiency is low and the error is easily caused by subjective influence due to manual reading, and meanwhile, the defects of off-line detection, dependence on operator skills and the like exist due to the fact that a wheel pair tread is clamped during detection. Therefore, automatic monitoring technology is increasingly applied, wherein a wheel tread image monitoring device based on visual detection is more perfect, but partial shortages still exist. At present, the domestic outer wheel pair detection technology is mainly divided into a vehicle-mounted type tread detection system and a rail-side type tread detection system, wherein the vehicle-mounted type tread detection system can only realize single train monitoring, each carriage is required to be provided with a monitoring device, the monitoring cost is extremely high, and the system reliability is obviously influenced by the running environment. The track-side tread monitoring is extremely easy to be influenced by the impact vibration of the wheel track, the image data acquisition failure rate is high, and the measurement accuracy is severely limited by environmental factors. Disclosure of utility model In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a wheel wear monitoring device based on visual detection. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: The wheel wear monitoring device based on visual detection comprises two groups of monitoring assemblies which are respectively arranged along two sides of a railway track, wherein each group of monitoring assemblies comprises four sets of image acquisition units, the image acquisition units on the two sides of the railway track are symmetrically arranged and are respectively used for detecting the tread of wheels on the two sides of a train from front and back directions; The image acquisition units comprise line structure light modules, image acquisition modules and sensor modules, wherein the line structure light modules are used for irradiating line structure light to the wheel treads, the image acquisition modules of the four sets of image acquisition units are used for acquiring images of different parts of the wheel treads, the sensor modules are arranged at the bottoms of the tracks and used for sensing arrival of trains, the line structure light modules and the image acquisition modules are arranged at the outer sides of the tracks and are electrically connected with the sensor modules, and vibration reduction structures are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the line structure light modules and the image acquisition modules. Further, the vibration damping structure comprises a longitudinal vibration damping structure and a transverse vibration damping structure, the line structure optical module is arranged on a supporting seat at the bottom of the longitudinal vibration damping structure, the supporting seat of the longitudinal vibration damping structure is connected with the supporting plate through a supporting seat, the transverse vibration damping structure is arranged at the top of the longitudinal vibration damping structure, and the line structure optical module and the image acquisition module are respectively connected with the transverse vibration damping structure. Further, the longitudinal vibration reduction structure comprises an inverted Y-shaped supporting seat, a top plate, two first side rods and two second side rods, the tw