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CN-224230370-U - Superconducting thermal switch and space cryogenic system

CN224230370UCN 224230370 UCN224230370 UCN 224230370UCN-224230370-U

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ultralow temperature refrigeration, in particular to a superconductive thermal switch and a space ultralow temperature system, wherein the superconductive thermal switch comprises a superconductor, a salt pill and a radiator, wherein the superconductor is in a thin foil shape, the two ends of the superconductor are respectively provided with a connecting structure, the connecting structure at one end is used for connecting the salt pill, and the connecting structure at the other end is used for connecting the radiator; and the coil is arranged around the circumference direction of the superconductor, when the coil is electrified, a magnetic field in the axial direction is formed at the central position of the coil, at least one part of the superconductor is perpendicular to the axial direction, and the heat flow direction of the part of the superconductor is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. The scheme is used for solving the defect that the use effect of the traditional thermal switch in the prior art is not ideal in the extremely low temperature environment, and realizing the stable and efficient thermal connection and disconnection control in the extremely low temperature environment.

Inventors

  • WEI LINGJIAO
  • ZHAO SHUBAO
  • WANG GUOPENG
  • LI RUIXIN
  • PAN ZIJIE
  • LIANG JINGTAO
  • Zhao Miguang

Assignees

  • 中国科学院理化技术研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20250530

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A superconducting thermal switch, comprising: The superconductor (10) is in a thin foil shape, two ends of the superconductor (10) are respectively provided with a connecting structure, wherein the connecting structure at one end is used for connecting salt balls, and the connecting structure at the other end is used for connecting a radiator; And a coil (20) arranged around the circumference of the superconductor (10), wherein a magnetic field in the axial direction is formed at the central position of the coil (20) when the coil (20) is electrified, at least one part of the superconductor (10) is perpendicular to the axial direction, and the heat flow direction of the part of the superconductor (10) is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction.
  2. 2. The superconducting thermal switch according to claim 1, wherein the connection structure comprises copper joints (11), and the copper joints (11) at both ends of the superconductor (10) are detachably connected to the salt pellet and the heat sink, respectively.
  3. 3. Superconducting thermal switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the copper joint (11) is connected to the ends of the superconductor (10) by means of welding.
  4. 4. The superconducting thermal switch according to claim 1, wherein the coil (20) is a solenoid coil (20) or a helmholtz coil (20) wound from superconducting wire.
  5. 5. The superconducting thermal switch according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the superconductor (10) in the form of a thin foil is 0.1 mm or less.
  6. 6. The superconducting thermal switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the superconductor (10) is arranged in a meander or serpentine shape within the coil (20).
  7. 7. The superconducting thermal switch according to claim 6, wherein the superconductor (10) comprises a plurality of parallel portions (12) perpendicular to the axial direction and turns (13) connected between adjacent parallel portions (12); The total length of the parallel part (12) is larger than the total length of the turning part (13).
  8. 8. Superconducting thermal switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the outside of the coil (20) is provided with a magnetic shielding layer (21).
  9. 9. The superconducting thermal switch according to claim 8, wherein the magnetic shield layer (21) covers at least an outer peripheral surface of the coil (20) and both ends in an axial direction of the coil (20).
  10. 10. A space cryogenic system, comprising: a heat sink; The heat-insulating demagnetizing refrigerator is provided with salt pellets; the superconducting thermal switch of any one of claims 1 to 9 disposed between the salt pellet and the heat sink.

Description

Superconducting thermal switch and space cryogenic system Technical Field The utility model relates to the technical field of ultralow temperature refrigeration, in particular to a superconductive thermal switch and a space ultralow temperature system. Background In the technical field of very low temperature refrigeration, in particular to an application scene requiring to obtain the temperature below 1K, several technologies including adsorption refrigeration, dilution refrigeration and adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration are widely applied. In modern space detectors, such as superconducting edge converters and X-ray micro-calorimeters, the operating temperature requirements are as low as 100 mK or less. The minimum adsorption refrigeration can only realize 260 mK, and the requirements of the detector cannot be met. Dilution refrigeration and adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration can achieve temperatures around 2 mK f at the minimum, however, since conventional dilution refrigerators rely on gravity for operation, this limits their effectiveness in space applications. In contrast, adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators are a key refrigeration way for achieving temperatures below 100 mK f in space environments because they are not affected by microgravity environments. The operation core of the adiabatic demagnetizing refrigerator is the performance of the internal thermal switch, and the performance directly affects the efficiency of the whole refrigerator. The process involves the efficient removal of the magnetizing heat generated by the salt pellets during the magnetizing process and the precise control of the refrigeration effect by the salt pellets being in an adiabatic state with subsequent removal of the magnetic field. The traditional thermal switch types comprise mechanical type, air gap type and magnetic resistance type, but the mechanical type thermal switch is not suitable for space application due to complex internal structure and easy operation, the air gap type thermal switch can only effectively work under the condition of being higher than 200 mK, and the magnetic resistance type thermal switch requires a larger off state to maintain a magnetic field and possibly interfere with other components in a low-temperature system. Therefore, the use effect of the traditional thermal switching scheme in the technical field of very low temperature refrigeration is not ideal. Disclosure of utility model The utility model provides a superconductive thermal switch and a space extremely low temperature system, which are used for solving the defect that the use effect of the traditional thermal switch in the extremely low temperature environment is not ideal in the prior art, and realizing the stable and high-efficiency thermal connection and disconnection control in the extremely low temperature environment. The utility model provides a superconducting thermal switch which comprises a superconductor, a coil and at least one part of the superconductor, wherein the superconductor is in a thin foil shape, the two ends of the superconductor are respectively provided with a connecting structure, the connecting structure at one end is used for connecting salt balls, the connecting structure at the other end is used for connecting a radiator, the coil is arranged around the circumference direction of the superconductor, a magnetic field in the axial direction is formed at the central position of the coil when the coil is electrified, and at least one part of the superconductor is perpendicular to the axial direction, so that the heat flow direction of the superconductor is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. According to one embodiment of the utility model, the connection structure comprises copper joints, and the copper joints at two ends of the superconductor are detachably connected to the salt pellets and the radiator respectively. According to one embodiment of the utility model, the copper joint is connected to the end of the superconductor by means of welding. According to one embodiment of the utility model, the coil is a solenoid coil or a helmholtz coil wound from superconducting wire. According to one embodiment of the utility model, the superconductor in the form of a thin foil has a thickness of 0.1 mm or less. According to one embodiment of the utility model, the superconductor is arranged in a zigzag or serpentine arrangement within the coil. According to one embodiment of the utility model, the superconductor comprises a plurality of parallel parts perpendicular to the axial direction and turning parts connected between adjacent parallel parts, the total length of the parallel parts being larger than the total length of the turning parts. According to one embodiment of the utility model, the outer side of the coil is provided with a magnetic shielding layer. According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the magnetic shield layer covers at least both ends of the ou