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CN-224232653-U - Fuel cell and bipolar plate thereof

CN224232653UCN 224232653 UCN224232653 UCN 224232653UCN-224232653-U

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell and a bipolar plate thereof, wherein the bipolar plate of the fuel cell comprises an anode single plate, a cathode single plate and a cooling layer, the cooling layer is positioned between the anode single plate and the cathode single plate, the cooling layer comprises a liquid inlet distribution area, a liquid outlet distribution area and a cooling layer reaction area communicated with the liquid inlet distribution area and the liquid outlet distribution area, ridges of adjacent cooling liquid flow channels formed by the liquid inlet distribution area are distributed radially along the cooling liquid flowing direction, and the groove width of the liquid outlet distribution area is gradually increased along the cooling liquid flowing direction. In the bipolar plate of the fuel cell provided by the utility model, the ridges of the adjacent cooling liquid flow channels formed by the liquid inlet distribution areas are distributed radially along the flowing direction of the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid distribution of the cooling area is more uniform. The groove width of the liquid outlet distribution area is gradually increased along the flowing direction of the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid is conveniently discharged after being collected, and therefore, the heat dissipation effect of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell is improved.

Inventors

  • WANG JIA
  • Jiao Shaojie
  • GUO JIAGEN
  • MIAO YU
  • LI HAIJIANG

Assignees

  • 中车株洲电机有限公司
  • 中车科技创新(北京)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20250526

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A bipolar plate for a fuel cell, comprising: an anode veneer (3); A cathode veneer (4); The cooling layer is positioned between the anode single plate (3) and the cathode single plate (4), and comprises a liquid inlet distribution area (6), a liquid outlet distribution area (7) and a cooling layer reaction area (5) communicated with the liquid inlet distribution area (6) and the liquid outlet distribution area (7), ridges of adjacent cooling liquid channels formed by the liquid inlet distribution area (6) are distributed radially along the flowing direction of cooling liquid, and the groove width of the liquid outlet distribution area (7) is gradually increased along the flowing direction of cooling liquid.
  2. 2. Bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the coolant flow channels of the cooling layer reaction zone (5) are arranged in succession in the direction of the channel width and that all the coolant flow channels taper in the direction of the channel width from both sides to a central position.
  3. 3. The bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the groove width of all the coolant flow channels is 0.9mm or more and 1.4mm or less; And/or all the cooling liquid flow channels are symmetrically distributed along the width direction of the groove.
  4. 4. Bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the ridges of the liquid distribution area (7) forming adjacent coolant flow channels are distributed in a zigzag manner in the direction of coolant flow.
  5. 5. Bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the grooves of the inlet distribution area (6), the outlet distribution area (7) and the cooling layer reaction area (5) is 0.1mm-0.25mm.
  6. 6. Bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the anode inlet distribution area (9) and the anode outlet distribution area (10) of the anode veneer (3) and/or the cathode inlet distribution area (12) and the cathode outlet distribution area (13) of the cathode veneer (4) are flow guiding areas comprising column-shaped flow guiding elements and strip-shaped flow guiding elements.
  7. 7. The bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that the gas reaction area of the anode veneer (3) and/or the gas flow channels of the gas reaction area of the cathode veneer (4) are arranged in an S-shape, and that the cross-sectional area of the gas flow channels of the gas reaction area is the cross-sectional area of the flow channel formed between two adjacent strip-shaped flow guides in the direction in which the anode veneer (3), the cooling layer and the cathode veneer (4) overlap.
  8. 8. Bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the anode veneer (3) comprises: an anode metal layer (30); The anode carbon material layer is coated on a first side and a second side of the anode metal layer (30) which are arranged back to each other, and the cooling layer is arranged on the second side of the anode carbon material layer; And the first ridges (36) are arranged on the first side, and an anode inlet distribution area (9), an anode reaction area flow field (8) and an anode outlet distribution area (10) of the anode veneer (3) are formed between the adjacent first ridges (36).
  9. 9. Bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the cathode veneer (4) comprises: A cathode metal layer (33); The cathode carbon material layer is coated on a first side and a second side of the cathode metal layer (33) which are arranged back to each other, and the cooling layer is arranged on the second side of the cathode carbon material layer; And the second ridges (29) are arranged on the first side, and a cathode inlet distribution area (12), a cathode reaction area flow field (11) and a cathode outlet distribution area (13) of the cathode veneer (4) are formed between the adjacent second ridges (29).
  10. 10. A fuel cell comprising a bipolar plate, characterized in that the bipolar plate is a bipolar plate of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-9.

Description

Fuel cell and bipolar plate thereof Technical Field The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a bipolar plate of a fuel cell. The utility model also relates to a fuel cell comprising the bipolar plate. Background Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cells, PEMFCs) are novel power generation devices with high working efficiency and environmental friendliness. The PEMFC is a device for converting chemical energy into electric energy by chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in a fuel cell stack, and is mainly formed by serially overlapping and assembling two major core component bipolar plates and membrane electrodes. The bipolar plate plays important roles of supporting and fixing PEMFC membrane electrodes, dividing fuel and oxidizing gas, collecting and conducting current and the like, and the cost of the bipolar plate in the PEMFC galvanic pile is about 20-40% of that of the galvanic pile. In PEMFCs, the mass of the bipolar plate occupies a large part of the total mass of the stack, typically more than 80%, and the volume fraction is also as high as more than 70%. In pursuing a lightweight design, it is critical to reduce the weight of the bipolar plate. One effective way to achieve this goal is generally to reduce the thickness of the bipolar plate. However, as the bipolar plate becomes thinner, the flow passage space for the gas and the coolant is correspondingly reduced, resulting in poor coolant flow, which may affect the performance of the battery and affect the heat dissipation effect of the bipolar plate. Therefore, how to improve the heat dissipation effect of the bipolar plate is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Disclosure of utility model The object of the present utility model is to provide a bipolar plate for a fuel cell, which has an improved heat radiation effect. It is another object of the present utility model to provide a fuel cell comprising the bipolar plate described above. The present application provides a bipolar plate of a fuel cell, comprising: An anode veneer; a cathode veneer; The cooling layer is positioned between the anode single plate and the cathode single plate, and comprises a liquid inlet distribution area, a liquid outlet distribution area and a cooling layer reaction area which is communicated with the liquid inlet distribution area and the liquid outlet distribution area, ridges of adjacent cooling liquid flow channels formed by the liquid inlet distribution area are distributed radially along the cooling liquid flowing direction, and the groove width of the liquid outlet distribution area is gradually increased along the cooling liquid flowing direction. Alternatively, in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell described above, the coolant flow channels of the cooling layer reaction region are arranged in order in the groove width direction, and all the coolant flow channels gradually decrease in groove width from both sides to the center position in the groove width direction. Optionally, in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell described above, the groove width of all the coolant flow channels is 0.9mm or more and 1.4mm or less; And/or all the cooling liquid flow channels are symmetrically distributed along the width direction of the groove. Alternatively, in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell described above, the ridges of the liquid distribution region forming the adjacent coolant flow channels are distributed in a zigzag manner along the coolant flow direction. Optionally, in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, the depths of the groove depths of the liquid inlet distribution area, the liquid outlet distribution area and the cooling layer reaction area are 0.1mm-0.25mm. Optionally, in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, the air inlet distribution area and the air outlet distribution area of the anode single plate and/or the air inlet distribution area and the air outlet distribution area of the cathode single plate are flow guiding areas, and the flow guiding areas comprise column flow guiding pieces and strip flow guiding pieces. Optionally, in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, the gas reaction area of the anode single plate and/or the gas flow channel of the gas reaction area of the cathode single plate are arranged in an S shape, and the cross section area of the gas flow channel of the gas reaction area is the cross section area of the flow channel formed between two adjacent strip-shaped flow guiding pieces along the stacking direction of the anode single plate, the cooling layer and the cathode single plate. Optionally, in the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, the anode veneer includes: an anode metal layer; the anode carbon material layer is coated on the first side and the second side of the anode metal layer, which are arranged back to each other, and the cooling layer is arranged on the second side of the anode carbon material layer; And the first ridges are adja