CN-224232905-U - Waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for millimeter wave radar

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile radar antennas and discloses a waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for a millimeter wave radar, which comprises a vertical transmission channel and a horizontal transmission channel, wherein the ladder transition structure is connected with the vertical transmission channel and the horizontal transmission channel, a part of a PCB feed layer, a single-ridge waveguide cavity and the ladder transition structure form the vertical transmission channel, the other part of the rectangular waveguide cavity and the ladder transition structure form the horizontal transmission channel, and a double-ridge waveguide cavity is arranged on the surface of one end of the PCB feed layer and is used for being in one-to-one correspondence connection with waveguide ports of a packaged chip. The utility model realizes the high-efficiency transmission of electromagnetic waves by reasonably designing the ridge width and the ridge height of the single-ridge waveguide, reduces the reflectivity, and can convert the electromagnetic waves into the vertical direction of the original transmission direction by the step conversion structure, and reduces the reflectivity of the electromagnetic waves by reasonably designing the size of the step conversion structure.

Inventors

• Tian Sucheng
• WANG JUNTAO
• LI XUYANG
• HUANG ZHIQIANG

Assignees

• 赛恩领动(上海)智能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20250414

Claims (6)

1. 1. A waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for a millimeter wave radar, characterized by comprising: The device comprises a vertical transmission channel, a horizontal transmission channel, a step transition structure (4), a PCB feed layer (2), a single-ridge waveguide cavity (3) and a rectangular waveguide cavity (1); the step transition structure (4) is connected with the vertical transmission channel and the horizontal transmission channel; the PCB feed layer (2), the single-ridge waveguide cavity (3) and part of the step transition structure (4) form a vertical transmission channel; the rectangular waveguide cavity (1) and the other part of the step transition structure (4) form a horizontal transmission channel; the surface of one end of the PCB feed layer (2) is provided with a double-ridge waveguide cavity (5) which is used for being connected with waveguide ports of the packaged chip in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
2. 2. The waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for millimeter wave radar according to claim 1, wherein the step transition structure (4) is formed by extending ridges (6) of the single-ridge waveguide cavity (3) and comprises a first ridge (41) and a second ridge (42), the height of the first ridge is consistent with the height of the ridges (6) of the single-ridge waveguide cavity (3), and the upper surface of the second ridge (42) is bent by 90 degrees to form a step transition section.
3. 3. The waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for millimeter wave radar according to claim 2, wherein the length of the bending part of the step transition structure (4) is 1/10-1/5 of the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic waveguide.
4. 4. A waveguide vertical interconnection switching structure adapted to a millimeter wave radar according to claim 1, wherein the single ridge waveguide cavity (3) is vertically connected to the surface of the other end of the PCB feed layer (2).
5. 5. The waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for the millimeter wave radar is characterized in that the ridge height of a single ridge waveguide cavity (3) is 1/15-1/5 of the transmission wavelength of electromagnetic waves and is slightly higher than the ridge height of a double ridge waveguide cavity (5), the ridge width of the single ridge waveguide cavity (3) is 1/5-1/4 of the transmission wavelength of the electromagnetic waves, and the length and the width of the single ridge waveguide cavity (3) are consistent with those of the double ridge waveguide cavity.
6. 6. The waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for millimeter wave radar according to claim 1, wherein the double-ridge waveguide cavity (5) is formed by a metallized through hole process and has a size matched with a chip waveguide port.

Description

Waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for millimeter wave radar Technical Field The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile radar antennas, in particular to a waveguide vertical interconnection conversion structure suitable for millimeter wave radar. Background Automotive millimeter wave radar is a sensor technology that utilizes the millimeter wave frequency bands (typically 24GHz, 77GHz, and 79 GHz) for detection. The method obtains the information such as the distance, the speed, the azimuth and the like of the target object by transmitting electromagnetic waves and receiving echoes reflected by the target, provides environment sensing capability for the vehicle, and is one of key technologies for realizing an advanced driving auxiliary system (ADAS, advanced Driver Assistance System) and automatic driving. Compared with a laser radar, the millimeter wave radar has the advantages of all-weather operation, long detection distance, small volume and the like. Millimeter waves are less affected by weather, can work normally under severe weather conditions such as rain, snow, haze and the like, and provide stable environmental perception. The detection distance of the 77GHz radar can reach more than 200 meters, a remote target can be perceived in advance, and longer response time is provided for the vehicle. The millimeter wave radar antenna is small in size and easy to integrate into a vehicle, and the appearance design of the vehicle is not affected. Under the expressway scene, the millimeter wave radar can monitor the distance and the speed of a vehicle in front in real time, realize adaptive cruise control (ACC, adaptive Cruise Control) and relieve driving fatigue, and when the potential collision risk is detected, an automatic emergency braking system (AEB, autonomous Emergency Braking) can intervene in time, so that accident injury is effectively avoided or reduced. In urban road scene, millimeter wave radar can accurately discern targets such as pedestrian, bicycle, for automatic emergency braking and blind area monitoring (BSD, blind Spot Detection) provide reliable data support, promote urban road security of traveling. In addition, the millimeter wave radar can be applied to functions of automatic parking, traffic jam assistance and the like, and brings more convenient and comfortable driving experience for users. Along with the continuous development of the automatic driving technology, the millimeter wave radar is deeply fused with other sensors, so that powerful perception guarantee is provided for realizing higher-level automatic driving. 77 GHz vehicle millimeter wave radar is undergoing a transition phase from microstrip antennas to waveguide antennas. The waveguide structure has low transmission loss, can realize higher antenna gain and radiation efficiency, supports wider signal bandwidth, and improves radar detection distance and resolution. In addition, the waveguide antenna is made of metal materials, can bear larger mechanical stress and environmental pressure, and can bear higher power due to good heat dissipation performance. In the system of radars, satellite communication and the like which need to transmit high-power signals, the waveguide antenna can avoid performance degradation or damage caused by overlarge power, can adapt to various severe environmental conditions and ensures long-term reliable operation of the radars. The detection performance of the millimeter wave imaging radar is closely related to the antenna layout, however, since the imaging radar generally adopts a multi-antenna transceiver architecture, the layout design of the wiring between the compactly distributed chip ports and each waveguide antenna becomes a key technical difficulty. The conventional method for realizing interconnection between millimeter wave boards generally converts a planar transmission structure which is easy to integrate with a chip from a horizontal plane of a substrate to a direction vertical to the horizontal plane of the substrate to form a millimeter wave interface, and then the two vertical interfaces are connected with each other through a probe or a metal via hole to achieve vertical interconnection between the two substrates, such as a common microstrip-probe-waveguide type inter-board vertical interconnection mode. However, the interconnection structure comprises more than one circuit element, and the circuit elements can be realized only by means of a mixed voltage integration process, so that the complexity and difficulty of the process are increased, the high-density integration is not facilitated, and the problems of high matching difficulty, high loss and the like are caused. With the development of the technology in recent years, mass production of chips directly fed by using a waveguide (Waveguide) port has been realized, but the feeding mode requires to realize the vertical interconnection conversion between boards of signals