CN-224233554-U - Voltage-reducing and voltage-stabilizing circuit and control system

CN224233554UCN 224233554 UCN224233554 UCN 224233554UCN-224233554-U

Abstract

The application provides a voltage-reducing and stabilizing circuit and a control system, which relate to the technical field of power supply circuits, wherein the voltage-reducing and stabilizing circuit comprises a first protection module, a current-limiting module, a voltage-stabilizing diode and a second protection module; one end of the first protection module is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, the first end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the first protection module, the second end of the current limiting module is connected with the microcontroller, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the third end of the current limiting module, the first end of the second protection module is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the second end of the second protection module is commonly connected with the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode, and the third end of the second protection module is connected with the second end of the current limiting module. The current limiting module realizes preliminary attenuation of voltage through impedance characteristics, and cooperates with breakdown characteristics of the zener diode to carry out secondary clamping on the voltage so as to stabilize the output voltage at a target value, so that the microcontroller stably operates based on the target value, the costs of the zener diode and the current limiting module are lower, and the preparation cost is reduced.

Inventors

ZHOU SIQI
ZHAO HONGYING
GE XIN
HAN WEI

Assignees

曼德电子电器有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250427

Claims (10)

1. A buck voltage stabilizing circuit for use in a microcontroller, the buck voltage stabilizing circuit comprising: one end of the first protection module is connected with the positive electrode of the battery; the first end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the first protection module, and the second end of the current limiting module is connected with the microcontroller; A voltage stabilizing diode, the cathode of which is connected with the third end of the current limiting module, the anode of which is grounded, and The first end of the second protection module is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the second end of the second protection module is commonly connected with the positive electrode of the voltage-stabilizing diode, and the controlled end of the second protection module is connected with the second end of the current-limiting module.
2. The buck regulator circuit according to claim 1, wherein the buck regulator circuit further includes: A first resistor, one end of which is connected with the other end of the first protection module and the first end of the current limiting module, and The controlled end of the first switch is connected with the second end of the current limiting module and the controlled end of the second protection module, the first end of the first switch is connected with the other end of the first resistor, and the second end of the first switch is connected with the microcontroller.
3. The buck regulator circuit according to claim 2, wherein the current limiting module includes: A current limiting resistor, one end of which is used as a first end of the current limiting module and is connected with the other end of the first protection module and one end of the first resistor, the other end of which is used as a second end of the current limiting module and is connected with the controlled end of the first switch, the controlled end of the second protection module and the microcontroller, and The positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the other end of the current-limiting resistor, and the negative electrode of the first diode is used as the third end of the current-limiting module to be connected with the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilizing diode.
4. The buck regulator circuit according to claim 1, wherein the second protection module includes: The first end of the second switch is used as the first end of the second protection module to be connected with the cathode of the battery, the second end of the second switch is used as the second end of the second protection module to be commonly connected with the anode of the zener diode, and the controlled end of the second switch is used as the controlled end of the second protection module to be connected with the second end of the current limiting module.
5. The buck regulator circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first protection module includes: And the anode of the second diode is used as one end of the first protection module to be connected with the anode of the battery, and the cathode of the second diode is used as the other end of the first protection module to be connected with the first end of the current limiting module.
6. The buck regulator circuit according to claim 5, wherein the buck regulator circuit further includes: The first end of the acquisition module is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the second end of the acquisition module is connected with the microcontroller, the third end of the acquisition module is grounded, and the acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage of the battery and outputting the voltage to the microcontroller.
7. The buck regulator circuit according to claim 6, wherein the acquisition module includes: a second resistor, one end of which is connected with the cathode of the second diode as the first end of the acquisition module, and the other end of which is connected with the microcontroller as the second end of the acquisition module, and And one end of the third resistor is connected with the other end of the second resistor, and the other end of the third resistor is grounded as a third end of the acquisition module.
8. The buck regulator circuit according to claim 7, wherein the acquisition module further includes: A first capacitor, a first polar plate of the first capacitor is connected with the cathode of the second diode and one end of the second resistor, a second polar plate of the first capacitor is commonly connected with the other end of the third resistor, and And the first polar plate of the second capacitor is connected with the other end of the second resistor, the microcontroller and one end of the third resistor, and the second polar plate of the second capacitor is grounded.
9. The step-down voltage stabilizing circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the step-down voltage stabilizing circuit further comprises: A third capacitor, a first polar plate of which is connected with the positive electrode of the battery and one end of the first protection module, a second polar plate of which is connected with the first end of the second protection module and the negative electrode of the battery, and And the first polar plate of the fourth capacitor is connected with the other end of the first protection module, and the second polar plate of the fourth capacitor is commonly connected with the second end of the second protection module.
10. A control system, comprising: A battery; The voltage-reducing and stabilizing circuit according to claim 1-9, wherein the voltage-reducing and stabilizing circuit is connected with the battery, and And the microcontroller is connected with the step-down voltage stabilizing circuit.

Description

Voltage-reducing and voltage-stabilizing circuit and control system Technical Field The present application relates to the technical field of power supply circuits, and more particularly, to a step-down voltage stabilizing circuit and a control system. Background The microcontroller (Microcontroller Unit, MCU) is widely applied to various fields (such as an electronic water pump and a chip) as a main control unit, and the running stability of the MCU can directly influence the performances of the electronic water pump and the chip. Related art generally employs a low dropout linear regulator (Low Dropout Regulator, LDO) to provide a supply voltage for the MCU to ensure that the MCU can operate stably. However, the cost of LDO is high. Disclosure of utility model In order to solve the problems, the application provides a voltage reduction and stabilizing circuit and a control system, which aim to solve the problem of higher cost of providing a power supply voltage for an MCU by an LDO in the related art. The application provides a voltage reducing and stabilizing circuit which comprises a first protection module, a current limiting module, a voltage stabilizing diode and a second protection module, wherein one end of the first protection module is connected with the positive electrode of a battery, the first end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the first protection module, the second end of the current limiting module is connected with a microcontroller, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the third end of the current limiting module, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is grounded, the first end of the second protection module is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the second end of the second protection module is commonly connected with the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode, and the controlled end of the second protection module is connected with the second end of the current limiting module. In the technical scheme, the self-impedance characteristic of the current limiting module is utilized to carry out primary attenuation on the output voltage of the battery, the characteristic of the voltage stabilizing diode in a reverse breakdown region is matched to carry out secondary clamping on the output voltage, and finally the output voltage is stabilized at a target value (namely, target power supply voltage). The voltage-stabilizing diode can maintain the power supply voltage through the current-limiting module so as to output stable power supply voltage to the microcontroller, so that the microcontroller can stably operate based on the stable power supply voltage, and the operation stability of the microcontroller and the control reliability of the microcontroller for controlling the load are ensured. Compared with the prior art that LDO and DC-DC converter are adopted for voltage reduction and voltage stabilization, the application reduces at least 3 power devices and 2 control ICs, and the cost of BOM is reduced by more than 40%, so that the overall preparation cost is reduced. Secondly, the current limiting module can also limit the current flowing into the zener diode so as to avoid the problem that the zener diode is damaged due to overlarge current, thereby ensuring the use reliability of the zener diode and prolonging the service life of the zener diode. And secondly, the reverse connection protection of the battery is realized through the first protection module and the second protection module, and the operation reliability of the voltage reduction and stabilizing circuit is improved. With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the step-down voltage stabilizing circuit further includes a first resistor and a first switch, one end of the first resistor is connected with the other end of the first protection module and the first end of the current limiting module, the controlled end of the first switch is connected with the second end of the current limiting module and the controlled end of the second protection module, the first end of the first switch is connected with the other end of the first resistor, and the second end of the first switch is connected with the microcontroller. In the above technical solution, the first switch is used as an amplifier to amplify current, so as to improve the load capacity, and make the buck voltage stabilizing circuit drive a load with higher power. And the first switch can also help to maintain stable power supply voltage output, and can keep the power supply voltage unchanged even under the condition of load current change, so that the microcontroller can stably operate based on the stable power supply voltage, and the operation stability of the microcontroller and the control reliability of the microcontroller for controlling the load are ensured. Secondly, the first resistor is used as a current limiting res