CN-224233563-U - Inverter and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides an inverter. In the inverter, a recess space is formed at a side surface of the electromagnetic shield plate near the printed circuit board assembly, and the power conversion auxiliary circuit element on the side surface of the printed circuit board near the electromagnetic shield plate is arranged to be inserted into the recess space of the electromagnetic shield plate, thereby reducing a space between the printed circuit board assembly and the power device, thereby reducing a size of the inverter, and further improving a working performance of the inverter.

Inventors

• Ao Sami

Assignees

• 大众汽车(中国)科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20250527

Claims (11)

1. 1. An inverter is characterized in that, the inverter includes: At least one power device for performing unidirectional power conversion of direct current to alternating current or bidirectional power conversion between direct current and alternating current; a printed circuit board assembly including a printed circuit board, a power conversion auxiliary circuit disposed on the printed circuit board, and An electromagnetic shielding plate disposed between the power device and the printed circuit board assembly, and having a recess space formed at a surface of one side thereof adjacent to the printed circuit board assembly, Wherein the power conversion auxiliary circuit element on a side surface of the printed circuit board adjacent to the electromagnetic shield plate is arranged to be inserted into the recessed space of the electromagnetic shield plate.
2. 2. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein the recessed space is formed at a position corresponding to a first power conversion auxiliary circuit element among power conversion auxiliary circuit elements on a side surface of the printed circuit board close to the electromagnetic shield plate, the element height of the first power conversion auxiliary circuit element being greater than a predetermined element height.
3. 3. The inverter according to claim 2, wherein the recess space includes at least two recess spaces, and a recess depth of each recess space is determined according to a component height of the corresponding first power conversion auxiliary circuit component or a recess depth of each recess space is determined according to a component height of the corresponding first power conversion auxiliary circuit component, an electromagnetic interference parameter of the power device, and a magnetic permeability of the electromagnetic shield plate.
4. 4. The inverter of claim 2, wherein the location of the first power conversion auxiliary circuit element on the printed circuit board is arranged offset from the location of the power device.
5. 5. The inverter of claim 2, wherein the first power conversion auxiliary circuit element is an electromagnetic interference insensitive element, and wherein the element height of the first power conversion auxiliary circuit element exceeds the element height of the printed circuit board proximate all electromagnetic interference sensitive elements on a side surface of the electromagnetic shield.
6. 6. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic shield plate is made of a material having a magnetic permeability not less than the first magnetic permeability.
7. 7. The inverter of claim 6, wherein the first permeability is determined based on electromagnetic interference parameters of the power device and a spacing between the printed circuit board assembly and the power device.
8. 8. The inverter of claim 7, wherein the electromagnetic interference parameters include a switching frequency and a switching speed of a power device.
9. 9. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein part or all of the recess spaces are formed as through-type recess spaces.
10. 10. The inverter of claim 1, wherein a surface of the printed circuit board adjacent to the power conversion auxiliary circuit element on the electromagnetic shield plate side surface is coated with an electromagnetic interference shielding reinforcing material, a surface of the printed circuit board adjacent to a first power conversion auxiliary circuit element among the power conversion auxiliary circuit elements on the electromagnetic shield plate side surface is coated with an electromagnetic interference shielding reinforcing material, an element height of the first power conversion auxiliary circuit element is greater than a predetermined element height, or a surface of the printed circuit board adjacent to an electromagnetic interference sensitive element among the power conversion auxiliary circuit elements on the electromagnetic shield plate side surface is coated with an electromagnetic interference shielding reinforcing material.
11. 11. An electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises an inverter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

Description

Inverter and electric vehicle Technical Field The present utility model relates generally to the field of power conversion, and more particularly to inverters and electric vehicles. Background The inverter is a key device of an e-drive system of an electric vehicle for converting direct current stored in an on-board battery into alternating current for powering a vehicle motor. The conversion process allows the vehicle motor to operate efficiently under a variety of speed and load conditions. In addition, the inverter may also be responsible for energy flow during regenerative braking for converting alternating current generated by the vehicle motor back to direct current to charge the on-board battery. During operation of the inverter, power devices in the inverter frequently perform switching operations that generate a significant amount of electromagnetic interference (Electromagnetic Interference, EMI) noise, thereby degrading the electrical performance of power conversion auxiliary circuits on printed circuit board assemblies (Printed Circuit Board Assembly, PCBA) that are placed in close proximity to the power devices, e.g., degrading the signal quality produced by power conversion drive circuits and power conversion control circuits on the PCBA. Thus, an electromagnetic shield needs to be provided between the power device and the PCBA to reduce electromagnetic interference of the power device with electrical components on the PCBA. Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a conventional inverter 100. As shown in fig. 1, the conventional inverter 100 includes a housing, a heat sink 110, a power device 120, an electromagnetic shield 130, and a PCBA 140. The heat sink 110, the power device 120, the electromagnetic shield 130, and the PCBA 140 are arranged in the housing in order from bottom to top. A direct current bus (DC-Link) capacitor 150 is disposed between the electromagnetic shield plate 130 and a case bottom plate of the case, and a bus bar assembly, such as an AC bus bar 151 and a high voltage DC bus bar 153, etc., connected to the DC-Link capacitor 150 is also disposed on an upper surface of the power device 120. The PCBA 140 may be formed as a multi-layered printed circuit board with upper and lower surfaces of the printed circuit board respectively arranged with electrical components of the power conversion auxiliary circuit. The power conversion auxiliary circuit may include, for example, a power conversion control circuit and a power conversion drive circuit, such as a gate drive circuit 161 and an ISO PSU circuit 163. In addition, a low voltage wiring terminal (LV TERMINAL) 170 of the low voltage electrical system may be disposed on the PCBA 140, and the low voltage wiring terminal 170 passes upwardly out of the upper cover plate 180 of the housing. In the example of fig. 1, the upper and lower surfaces of the electromagnetic shield plate 130 are formed as flat surfaces. For electrical safety design considerations, for example, considering the electrical Clearance (Clearance) and creepage distance (CREEPAGE DISTANCE) between electrical components and the electromagnetic interference of the power device to electrical components on PCBA 140, the surface of electromagnetic shield 130 needs to be kept at a prescribed spacing in the Z-direction from electrical components on PCBA 140 and from electrical components on power device 120. The spacing between the electromagnetic shield 130 and the PCBA 140 in the Z-direction is dependent on the maximum element height of the electrical elements disposed on the side surface of the PCBA 140 that is proximate to the electromagnetic shield 130. An electrical component having a larger component height, such as an inductance component or a transformer component, is typically disposed on a side surface of the PCBA 140 near the electromagnetic shielding plate 130, so that a space between the electromagnetic shielding plate 130 and the PCBA 140 in the Z direction is larger, thereby resulting in an inverter having a larger device size (for example, the inverter in fig. 1 has a size of 65mm in the Z direction), which is disadvantageous for downsizing the inverter. In addition, power conversion control circuitry is present on PCBA140, for example, to control power conversion of power device 120, thereby requiring electrical connections to be established between PCBA140 and power device 120 for signal transmission, for example, between device PINs (PINs) of power device 120 and electrical component PINs on PCBA 140. The established electrical connection causes signal transmission losses, thereby reducing the signal quality of the transmitted signal. The larger the distance between the PCBA140 and the power device 120 in the Z direction is, the longer the length of the electrical connection established between the PCBA140 and the power device 120 will be, so that the larger the signal transmission loss caused by the electrical connection is, and the larger the si