CN-224233830-U - Piston type underwater sound transducer

CN224233830UCN 224233830 UCN224233830 UCN 224233830UCN-224233830-U

Abstract

The utility model discloses a piston type underwater acoustic transducer which comprises a piston plate, euler bending beams, a return spring, rubber bending rings, a driving coil, a magnetic circuit and a magnetic circuit, wherein the Euler bending beams are respectively arranged on connecting rods connected to the piston plate in a surrounding mode, the other ends of the Euler bending beams are in a fixed state and are connected with a non-vibrating structure of a transducer shell, the return spring is respectively arranged along the bottom of a circular disc above the piston plate, the rubber bending rings are respectively connected to the outer side wall of the circular disc above the piston plate in a circumferential mode and deform and move along with vibration of the piston plate, the other ends of the rubber bending rings are in a fixed state and are connected with the non-vibrating structure of the transducer shell, the driving coil is fixedly connected to the periphery of the bottom of the circular disc below the piston plate, and a magnetic circuit air gap is formed in the magnetic circuit, and the driving coil is positioned in the magnetic circuit air gap. The utility model 'counteracts' the nonlinearity of the electromagnetic physical field and the mechanical physical field by nonlinear matching of the electromagnetic physical field and the mechanical physical field, thereby realizing the purpose of improving the working linearity of the piston type underwater acoustic transducer.

Inventors

ZHANG XI
SHEN GUODONG
CHEN BOJUN
XIONG HANLIN
YOU KAILING
WU PENGXING
CHEN CHENG
LI HONGGUANG

Assignees

昆明船舶设备研究试验中心(中国船舶集团有限公司七五〇试验场)

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20250429

Claims (10)

1. A piston underwater acoustic transducer comprising: A piston plate (1); The Euler bending beam (2) is respectively and circumferentially arranged on the connecting rods of the piston plate (1), and deforms and moves along with the vibration of the piston plate (1), the other end of the Euler bending beam (2) is in a fixed state and is connected with a non-vibration structure of the transducer shell, and no displacement change exists at the fixed point in the working process; the return springs (3) are respectively arranged along the bottoms of the circular disks above the piston plate (1); The rubber folding ring (4) is respectively connected with the outer side wall of the circular disc above the piston plate (1) in a circumferential direction, and deforms and moves along with the vibration of the piston plate (1), and the other end of the rubber folding ring (4) is in a fixed state and is connected with a non-vibration structure of the transducer shell, so that no displacement change exists at a fixed point in the working process; The driving coil (5) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the bottom of the disc below the piston plate (1); A magnetic circuit (6), wherein a magnetic circuit air gap (61) is arranged in the magnetic circuit (6); Wherein the driving coil (5) is positioned in the magnetic circuit air gap (61) and is not contacted with the magnetic circuit air gap.
2. A piston type underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the piston plate (1) comprises an upper disc and a lower disc and a connecting rod connected at a central position between the upper disc and the lower disc, the upper disc having a diameter larger than the lower disc.
3. A piston type underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the symmetry axis of the euler bending beam (2) forms a certain angle θ with the upper disc surface of the piston plate (1), the angle θ being in the range of 0 ° < θ+≤30°, for controlling the interval of negative stiffness by the magnitude of the angle θ.
4. A piston underwater acoustic transducer as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the eulerian beam (2) is a multi-layer sheet stack.
5. A piston underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the return spring (3) is formed by a plurality of spring units connected in parallel.
6. A piston underwater acoustic transducer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the spring unit is a compression coil spring or a leaf spring.
7. A piston underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubber bellows (4) is made of a corrosion-resistant and ageing-resistant rubber material.
8. A piston type underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving coil (5) is a single coil or a plurality of coils, and is wound by copper-core enameled wire, aluminum-core enameled wire or copper-clad aluminum enameled wire.
9. A piston underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic circuit (6) consists of a permanent magnet and a magnetically conductive material forming a permanent magnetic circuit for providing a static magnetic field; Or the magnetic circuit (6) is an excitation magnetic circuit formed by an excitation coil and a magnetic conductive material and is used for providing a static or dynamic magnetic field; Or the magnetic circuit (6) is a permanent magnet-excitation composite magnetic circuit formed by an excitation coil, a permanent magnet and a magnetic conductive material and is used for providing a static or dynamic magnetic field.
10. A piston type underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the air gap (61) of the magnetic circuit is formed in an annular shape along the outer periphery of the top of the magnetic circuit (6), and the middle section of the magnetic circuit (6) is in an inverted convex shape.

Description

Piston type underwater sound transducer Technical Field The utility model relates to a piston type underwater acoustic transducer, in particular to a piston type underwater acoustic transducer, and belongs to the technical field of underwater acoustic transducers. Background Generally, an ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transducer is a key device for underwater telematics and target detection, and is one of the important development directions of the current underwater acoustic transducer. The piston type underwater acoustic transducer generally converts electric energy into mechanical vibration through a magnetic field and then drives a piston to radiate sound waves towards an aqueous medium, has the advantages of low resonant frequency, wide working frequency band, small volume, light weight and the like, and is very suitable for being used as an ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic emission transducer. When the piston type underwater acoustic transducer works at tens of hertz or even a few hertz, the piston surface requiring vibration needs to achieve a sufficiently large vibration displacement due to the requirement of radiating sufficiently high acoustic energy. When the piston face works in a large amplitude state, the problems of large structural deformation and nonlinearity of the driving magnetic field are extremely remarkable, and then harmonic distortion of the piston type transducer in ultralow frequency sound radiation is caused. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is a key indicator for measuring the acoustic radiation capability of the underwater acoustic transducer, and the problem of harmonic distortion under the condition that the piston surface is greatly vibrated greatly limits the application of the piston type transducer in the ultra-low frequency field. Piston underwater acoustic transducers are typically electromagnetically driven transducers, and those skilled in the art have the problem of reducing harmonic distortion by modulating the excitation of the magnetic field. For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN 112911469B discloses an electromagnetic transducer that uses a permanent magnet embedded in a magnetic circuit to generate a constant bias magnetic field, uses an ac coil to generate an alternating driving magnetic field, and superimposes the two magnetic fields to form an alternating magnetic field containing dc bias, so as to improve the output harmonic problem and performance evaluation problem under conventional frequency doubling excitation by adopting a hybrid excitation mode. In the chinese patent of patent publication No. CN 112911469B, an existing helical compression spring is used, the stiffness of which is generally linear in the working range, and this patent mainly improves harmonic distortion from the perspective of electromagnetic field. In addition, because the working principle of the loudspeaker is similar to that of the piston type underwater acoustic transducer, the method for restraining the harmonic wave can also have a heuristic effect on the field of the underwater acoustic transducer. For example, chinese patent publication CN 210298061U discloses a "moving coil loudspeaker capable of improving distortion", which relates to a moving coil loudspeaker capable of improving distortion, in which a shorting ring with high conductivity and low magnetic permeability is disposed in a magnetic conduction cavity, and eddy currents are compensated by the shorting ring, so that an inductance-displacement curve is symmetrical, and inductance of a voice coil when moving into a magnetic circuit is reduced to reduce even harmonic distortion. The above methods are all means for reducing harmonic distortion from an electric end in order to reduce the problem of distortion caused by nonlinearity of an electromagnetic field, but do not consider the problem of harmonic distortion caused by the nonlinearity of large vibration of a piston face, and serious harmonic distortion is caused by the geometrical nonlinearity of large vibration. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a piston type underwater acoustic transducer that improves both electromagnetic nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity to reduce harmonic distortion of the transducer and improve the ultra-low frequency acoustic radiation capability of the piston type underwater acoustic transducer. Disclosure of utility model Aiming at the defects and shortcomings existing in the background technology, the utility model improves and innovates the defects, and aims to provide a piston type underwater acoustic transducer scheme, which abandons the mode of nonlinear inhibition from a single physical field or a subsystem alone in the traditional design, and wonderfully "counteracts" the nonlinearity of an electromagnetic physical field and a mechanical physical field through the nonlinearity matching of the electromagnetic physical field and the mechanical physical field, thereby achieving the purpos