CN-224233888-U - Modularized multi-nozzle gas target system

Abstract

The utility model provides a modularized multi-nozzle gas target system, which comprises a main body, a plurality of replaceable accessories and a control part arranged outside a vacuum cavity. The main body can be connected with a plurality of replaceable accessories to provide a proper gas environment for laser tail field electron accelerators with different electron energy requirements, and can generate electron beams with the magnitude of hundreds of MeV to 10 GeV. The utility model is an open gas target, avoids the problem of damage to elements by strong laser, has good expandability, can develop accessories on the basis, and provides support for potential electron acceleration experiment requirements of a laser tail field.

Inventors

• YANG XINTAO
• WANG WENTAO
• FENG KE
• LENG YUXIN

Assignees

• 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20250311

Claims (9)

1. 1. A modular multi-nozzle gas target system comprising a body disposed within a vacuum chamber, a plurality of replaceable accessories, and a control portion disposed outside the vacuum chamber; The main body comprises a gas storage tank, a gas inlet, a gas pressure measuring interface, at least 11 gas outlets and electromagnetic valves, wherein one side of the gas storage tank is provided with the gas inlet, the other side is processed into the gas pressure measuring interface, the top of the gas storage tank is provided with at least 11 round holes, the gas storage tank is connected with a straight pipe of the gas outlets, the tail end of the straight pipe is fixedly connected with a lower plate, the lower plate is used for being fixedly connected with a connecting upper plate of a fitting through screws or welding, and a sealing rubber ring is attached to the lower plate to prevent gas leakage; the replaceable fittings comprise duckbill fittings, straight nozzle fittings and long air groove fittings, and are fixed with the connecting lower disc of the main body through respective connecting upper discs to form different gas distributions; The control part comprises a gas cylinder and an air injection controller, wherein the gas cylinder is filled with various gases or mixed gases and is connected with the air inlet through a pipeline, and the air injection controller is connected with the electromagnetic valve and is used for regulating and controlling air injection parameters; The system generates a gas environment of 0.45cm to 30cm by replacing accessories, and adapts to the laser tail field acceleration requirement of hundred MeV to 10GeV electron beams.
2. 2. The modular multi-nozzle gas target system of claim 1, wherein the duckbill fitting comprises a duckbill portion, a duckbill connection upper plate, and a straight nozzle portion, wherein the straight nozzle is a hollow tube, the duckbill portion is a hollow nozzle having a rectangular shape on a lower circle, wherein the duckbill and the straight nozzle portion are welded together, the straight nozzle and the duckbill connection upper plate are connected together, the duckbill connection upper plate is identical to the connection lower plate of the gas outlet, and a rubber ring can be attached to the lower portion for sealing.
3. 3. The modular multi-nozzle gas target system of claim 1, wherein the straight nozzle fitting comprises a straight nozzle portion and a straight nozzle connection upper plate, the straight nozzle portion being a hollow straight tube having an inner diameter consistent with the gas outlet, the straight nozzle portion and the straight nozzle connection upper plate being secured together, the straight nozzle connection upper plate having a rubber ring attached to a lower portion thereof for sealing.
4. 4. The modular multi-nozzle gas target system of claim 1, wherein the elongated gas slot assembly comprises a gas slot portion and a gas slot connection upper plate, the gas slot portion is a bar-shaped groove with a wide bottom and a narrow top, a plurality of gas inlets are reserved, the number of the gas inlets is consistent with the number of gas outlets of the body, the size and the spacing of the gas inlets are consistent with the size and the spacing of the gas outlets in the device, and each gas inlet is fixedly connected with the gas slot connection upper plate.
5. 5. The modular multi-nozzle gas target system as recited in claim 1 wherein the gas reservoir is 30cm long by >2cm wide by >2.5cm high and is made of plexiglas, metal or other material that will not significantly leak gas for <100ms, and the walls are thicker depending on the actual gas pressure requirements.
6. 6. The modular multi-nozzle gas target system of claim 5, wherein the center-to-center spacing of two adjacent circular holes at the top of the gas reservoir is less than or equal to 2.5cm.
7. 7. The modular multi-nozzle gas target system of claim 1, wherein the jet controller supports independent or simultaneous control of solenoid valves, and can set the on-off delay and gate width of different gas outlets.
8. 8. The modular multi-nozzle gas target system of claim 1, wherein the gas cylinders are filled with different types of gases, including hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, argon, and mixtures of gases.
9. 9. The modular multi-nozzle gas target system of claim 1, wherein the gas cylinder is equipped with a backpressure detection device that monitors backpressure, which is connected by tubing.

Description

Modularized multi-nozzle gas target system Technical Field The utility model relates to the technical field of high-energy laser physics and electron accelerators, in particular to a modularized multi-nozzle gas target system which is suitable for a laser tail field electron accelerator. Background The laser tail field acceleration principle can enable electrons to obtain higher energy in a very short distance, and the generated high-energy electron beam has rich application possibility, such as application in the fields of cancer treatment and the like (electron beams requiring tens to hundreds of MeV), the tail field is utilized to drive electrons to generate secondary radiation sources such as Betatron radiation for imaging and other works, and electrons with GeV magnitude or TeV magnitude are generated based on the tail field and are expected to be used for high-energy physical experiments, such as verification of properties of Higgs bosons. The gas environments required for these demands are different, and thus a gas generating apparatus that can provide different gas environments is necessary. The energy of electrons obtained in the accelerator can be simply characterized by the acceleration gradient x the acceleration distance, so that different acceleration distances are required for different electron beam energy requirements, and the acceleration distance is also related to the length of the gas target, so that the different electron beam energy requirements can be adapted by regulating the structure of the gas target. In order to meet different requirements, various gas targets are applied to tail field acceleration experiments so far, and the three gas targets comprise an open nozzle, a gas pool and a capillary tube, and have the advantages and disadvantages, the open nozzle has a large design space, can achieve the aim by utilizing structures with different geometric shapes, has no physical structure constraint, and can not be damaged when interacted with strong laser, so that the open nozzle becomes a mainstream scheme at present. Application number 202010635881.X, entitled 10GeV electron-accelerated multi-stage gas target system, discloses a gas target system based on a multi-stage gas cell and capillary scheme that can create a low density gas environment of cm to tens of cm. However, the specific length of the fixed-length gas target unit is 1 cm-20 cm, the millimeter range cannot be covered, and the diversity of experimental design is limited by the uniform density distribution inside a single box. Therefore, a multi-nozzle system which is in a modularized design, in an open structure and can be suitable for laser tail field electron acceleration experiments with different energy requirements is necessary. Disclosure of Invention The utility model provides a modularized multi-nozzle gas target system for accelerating experiments by utilizing laser tail fields with different electron beam requirements, which can realize flexible regulation and control of a gas environment with the magnitude of several millimeters to tens of centimeters by replacing accessories and controlling an electromagnetic valve and is suitable for the high-energy electron beam generation requirements of hundreds of MeV to 10 GeV. The solution of the utility model is as follows: A modular multi-nozzle gas target system comprising a main body disposed within a vacuum chamber, a plurality of replaceable accessories, and a control portion disposed outside the vacuum chamber; The main body comprises a gas storage tank, a gas inlet, a gas pressure measuring interface, at least 11 gas outlets and electromagnetic valves, wherein one side of the gas storage tank is provided with the gas inlet, the other side is processed into the gas pressure measuring interface, the top of the gas storage tank is provided with at least 11 round holes, the gas storage tank is connected with a straight pipe of the gas outlets, the tail end of the straight pipe is fixedly connected with a lower plate, the lower plate is used for being fixedly connected with a connecting upper plate of a fitting through screws or welding, and a sealing rubber ring is attached to the lower plate to prevent gas leakage; the replaceable fittings comprise duckbill fittings, straight nozzle fittings and long air groove fittings, and are fixed with the connecting lower disc of the main body through respective connecting upper discs to form different gas distributions; The control part comprises a gas cylinder and an air injection controller, wherein the gas cylinder is filled with various gases or mixed gases and is connected with the air inlet through a pipeline, and the air injection controller is connected with the electromagnetic valve and is used for regulating and controlling air injection parameters; The system generates a gas environment of 0.45cm to 30cm by replacing accessories, and adapts to the laser tail field acceleration requirement of hundred MeV to 10G