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DE-102015201552-B4 - Manufacturing device for the production of three-dimensional objects using laser sintering

DE102015201552B4DE 102015201552 B4DE102015201552 B4DE 102015201552B4DE-102015201552-B4

Abstract

Manufacturing device (10) for the production of three-dimensional objects (200) by means of laser sintering, comprising a build chamber (20) with a build plate (22) for layer-by-layer arrangement of powdered sintering material (100) and a laser device (30) with at least one build-up laser (40) with build-up laser optics (42) for spot-illuminating the sintering material (100) with build-up laser light (44) of the build-up laser (40) for sintering the sintering material (100), characterized in that the laser device (30) comprises at least one removal laser (50) with removal laser optics (52) for spot-illuminating the sintering material (100) irradiated by the at least one build-up laser (40) with removal laser light (54) of the at least one removal laser (50) for spot-removing sintered material (100), wherein the removal laser (50) has a higher focus and therefore a smaller area of influence than the built-up laser (40).

Inventors

  • Maximilian Meixlsperger

Assignees

  • BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20150129

Claims (10)

  1. Manufacturing device (10) for the production of three-dimensional objects (200) by means of laser sintering, comprising a build chamber (20) with a build plate (22) for layer-by-layer arrangement of powdered sintering material (100) and a laser device (30) with at least one build-up laser (40) with build-up laser optics (42) for spot-illuminating the sintering material (100) with build-up laser light (44) of the build-up laser (40) for sintering the sintering material (100), characterized in that the laser device (30) comprises at least one removal laser (50) with removal laser optics (52) for spot-illuminating the sintering material (100) irradiated by the at least one build-up laser (40) with removal laser light (54) of the at least one removal laser (50) for spot-removing sintered material (100), wherein the removal laser (50) has a higher focus and therefore a smaller area of influence than the built-up laser (40).
  2. Manufacturing device (10) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the degradation laser optics (52) are at least partially, in particular completely or substantially completely, identical to the assembly laser optics (42).
  3. Manufacturing device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the degradation laser optics (52) are formed at least partially, in particular completely or substantially completely, separately from the assembly laser optics (42).
  4. Manufacturing device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one build-up laser (40) is designed as a CW laser for generating continuous build-up laser light (44).
  5. Manufacturing device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one degradation laser (50) is designed as a pulsed laser, in particular as an fs laser or as a ps laser, for generating pulsed degradation laser light (54).
  6. Manufacturing device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the laser intensity of the degradation laser (50) is at least pulse-wise greater than the laser intensity of the build-up laser (40).
  7. Manufacturing device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by Figure 1 shows that the laser device (30) has a control device (60) for controlling the point removal of the sintered sintered material (100), in particular by means of imaging.
  8. Laser device (30) for use in a manufacturing device (10) having the features of one of the Claims 1 until 7 , comprising at least one build-up laser (40) with build-up laser optics (42) for spot irradiation of sintered material (100) with build-up laser light (44) of the build-up laser (40) for sintering the sintered material (100), characterized by at least one removal laser (50) comprising a removal laser optics (52) for spot irradiation of the sintered material (100) irradiated by the at least one build-up laser (40) with removal laser light (54) of the at least one removal laser (50) for spot removal of sintered sintered material (100).
  9. Method for producing a three-dimensional object (200) by laser sintering, comprising the following steps: • Applying a layer (110) of powdered sintering material (100) to a build plate (22), a build chamber (20), or a manufacturing device (10), in particular having the features of one of the Claims 1 until 7 , • Creating a sintered object layer (210) by spot irradiating the sintered material (100) with the build-up laser light (44) of a build-up laser (40) of a laser device (30), • Reworking the edge (212) of the sintered object layer (210) by spot irradiating with the removal laser light (54) of a removal laser (50) of the laser device (30) for spot removal of sintered sintered material (100).
  10. Procedure according to Claim 9 , characterized in that the reworking step is already carried out while the production step is still being carried out at another location of the sintered material (100).

Description

The present invention relates to a manufacturing device for the production of three-dimensional objects by means of laser sintering, a laser device for use in such a manufacturing device and a method for the production of a three-dimensional object by laser sintering. It is generally known that additive manufacturing processes using laser sintering are employed for the production of three-dimensional objects. Such processes are also known collectively as rapid prototyping. Typically, a powder is applied layer by layer, which can then be heated precisely at specific points using a laser. This heating causes the powder to melt and sinter at these points within each layer, resulting in the creation of a three-dimensional object through this layer-by-layer construction. From the DE 10 2009 051 479 A1 A method for manufacturing a component of a turbomachine, in particular a hollow structural component of a turbine or compressor, is known, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: a) layer-by-layer application of at least one powdered component material onto a component platform in the area of a build-up and joining zone, wherein the application is carried out according to the layer information of the component to be manufactured; b) layer-by-layer and local melting or sintering of the component material by means of supplied energy in the area of the build-up and joining zone, wherein the build-up and joining zone is heated to a temperature just below the melting point of the component material; c) layer-by-layer lowering of the component platform by a predefined layer thickness; and d) repetition of steps a) to c) until the component is completed. The DE 101 57 647 A 1 relates to a method for producing three-dimensional workpieces in a laser material processing system or a stereolithography system, wherein either sintered material or pasty material is applied layer by layer from a storage device onto a substrate and heated by selective irradiation with laser radiation from a laser such that the components of the sintered material or pasty material, upon at least partial melting, bond layer by layer to form the workpiece, for which purpose laser radiation with a first energy density and/or a first focus diameter is used, wherein during or after the workpiece production process areas of the workpiece are melted or ablated by the laser by increasing its energy density. From the DE 100 53 741 C1 A device is known for sintering, ablation and/or marking by means of electromagnetic focused radiation, in particular a laser sintering machine and/or laser surface processing machine with a build chamber housed in a machine casing, in or above which a light guide device, in particular a scanner, into which the beam of a sintering energy source is coupled, a height-adjustable workpiece platform and a material feed device with a coater for feeding sintering material from a storage container into the process area above the workpiece platform are arranged, wherein the workpiece platform can be removed from the build chamber as an interchangeable element, wherein the height-adjustable workpiece platform, the storage container and the coater are designed as a connected process platform interchangeable unit that can be removed from the build chamber and further process platform interchangeable units of the same or different designs can be introduced into the build chamber for carrying out the same or different processing processes. A disadvantage of known solutions is that heating and melting the powdered sintering material creates a relatively large heat-affected zone. Within this zone, the sintering material melts and sinters. This results in coarse-grained surfaces on three-dimensional objects produced in this way. If such a three-dimensional object is intended for use, particularly in visible areas, extensive post-treatment is usually necessary to improve this poor surface. This can be important for optical as well as mechanical reasons, for example, to reduce stress concentrations and thus improve mechanical stability. Furthermore, especially with complex structures, such a rough surface necessitates significant effort in quality management for defect detection. The object of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the disadvantages described above. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to improve the surface of a three-dimensional object produced by laser sintering in a cost-effective and simple manner. The foregoing problem is solved by a manufacturing device with the features of claim 1, a laser device with the features of claim 8, and a method with the features of claim 9. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details described in connection with the manufacturing device according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the laser device and the met