DE-102021118754-B4 - Capacitor, system with multiple capacitors and motor vehicle

Abstract

A capacitor (100) comprising several electrically conductive capacitor layers wound around a winding center and a cooling channel (103), wherein the cooling channel (103) is arranged between the capacitor layers, wherein the cooling channel (103) is electrically conductive, wherein the capacitor (100) has a first terminal and a second terminal at a first end, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal are each configured for an electrical connection with at least one other electronic component, wherein the capacitor (100) has a second end which is arranged opposite the first end, and wherein the cooling channel electrically connects the second end to the second terminal, characterized in that the cooling channel (103) has a first opening and a second opening which are arranged opposite each other, wherein the cooling channel (103) can be connected via the first opening to a first cooling medium line and via the second opening to a second cooling medium line, so that a cooling medium can flow from the first cooling medium line through the cooling channel (103) into the second cooling medium line.

Inventors

• Maximilian Barkow
• Patrick Fuchs
• Timijan Velic
• Bernd Eckhardt
• Maximilian Hofmann
• Hubert Rauh
• André Müller
• Benjamin Bayer
• Jordan Sorge

Assignees

• DR. ING. H.C. F. PORSCHE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
• Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.

Dates

Publication Date

20260513

Application Date

20210720

Claims (5)

1. A capacitor (100) comprising several electrically conductive capacitor layers wound around a winding center and a cooling channel (103), wherein the cooling channel (103) is arranged between the capacitor layers, wherein the cooling channel (103) is electrically conductive, wherein the capacitor (100) has a first terminal and a second terminal at a first end, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal are each configured for an electrical connection with at least one other electronic component, wherein the capacitor (100) has a second end arranged opposite the first end, and wherein the cooling channel electrically connects the second end to the second terminal, characterized in that the cooling channel (103) has a first opening and a second opening arranged opposite each other, wherein the cooling channel (103) connects via the first opening to a first cooling medium line and via the second opening to a second cooling medium line is connectable so that a cooling medium can flow from the first cooling medium line through the cooling channel (103) into the second cooling medium line.
2. Capacitor (100) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the cooling channel (103) is designed as a tube, wherein the cooling channel (103) is arranged in the winding center and forms a winding core on which the condenser layers are wound.
3. System comprising several capacitors (100) according to Claim 1 or 2 and a conductor rail (104; 107), wherein the capacitors (100) are electrically connected to each other via the conductor rail (104; 107), and wherein the first cooling medium line is arranged on the conductor rail (104; 107) and runs parallel to the conductor rail (104; 107).
4. System according Claim 3 , characterized in that the first cooling medium line has several projections (200) which increase the contact area of the first cooling medium line that is connected to the environment of the system.
5. motor vehicle, comprising a system according to Claim 3 or 4 or a capacitor (100) after Claim 1 or 2 .

Description

The present invention relates to a capacitor according to the preamble of claim 1. Film capacitors are known from the prior art, in which insulating plastic films are used as the dielectric. For this purpose, the plastics are drawn into extremely thin films using special processes, provided with the electrodes, and then wound as a coil or assembled from individual layers to form a capacitor. As with many electronic components, capacitors generate heat during operation. This is especially true when the capacitors are used as power electronic components, for example in an inverter or a DC/DC converter. The demand for ever higher power outputs and increasingly compact designs means that heat must be dissipated particularly efficiently to also achieve a long capacitor lifespan. Out of CH 368 236 A A capacitor is known in which cooling channels are arranged between the capacitor layers. Out of JP 2008 - 311 253 A A capacitor with an electrically conductive cooling channel is known. Out of EP 3 477 669 A1 A capacitor according to the preamble of claim 1 is known. AT 525 286 A4 reveals further state of the art. In contrast, the present invention aims to enable a particularly compact design for a capacitor. Furthermore, it seeks to create a motor vehicle equipped with such a capacitor. This problem is solved by a capacitor according to claim 1, a system according to claim 3, and a motor vehicle according to claim 5. Embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. The capacitor according to claim 1 comprises several electrically conductive capacitor layers wound around a winding center. For the purposes of this description, the term "winding center" is to be understood as a geometric term and not as a component. The winding center defines an area around which the capacitor layers are wound. The capacitor layers may, for example, form a single continuous winding. The capacitor may, for example, be a film capacitor. The capacitor also comprises a cooling channel. For the purposes of this description, a cooling channel is understood to be a component designed to guide a fluid from a first opening to a second opening with no loss or with extremely low loss. The cooling channel is arranged between the capacitor layers. For example, the cooling channel may be located inside or outside the winding center. The cooling channel is electrically conductive. For example, the cooling channel may have a wall made of metal. Preferably, the cooling channel has a conductivity of more than 10⁶ S/m. For example, the cooling channel may contain copper and/or aluminum. It is also possible for the cooling channel to be made entirely of copper and/or aluminum. The cooling channel can therefore fulfill two functions. A cooling medium can flow through it to dissipate heat from the condenser. Additionally, the cooling channel can be used for potential and/or current conduction. This can also reduce the inductance of the capacitor, making the capacitor more suitable as a fast-switching power element, for example for operation with fast-switching power semiconductors. According to one embodiment of the invention, the capacitor can have a first terminal and a second terminal at a first end. The first terminal and the second terminal can each be configured for an electrical connection with at least one other electronic component. The capacitor can have a second end that is arranged opposite the first end. The cooling channel can electrically connect the second end to the second terminal. Thus, the electrical potential present at the second end of the capacitor can be conducted via the electrically conductive cooling channel to the second terminal located at the first end. The advantage is that the capacitor only needs to be electrically contacted at the first end. For example, the first terminal can be electrically insulated from the second terminal by an insulating layer. It should be noted that, within the scope of this description, the first end of the capacitor is understood to be, in particular, an end region that includes both the first terminal and the second terminal, as well as the insulating layer. The end region can therefore be three-dimensional and include an outward-facing end surface that forms the termination of the capacitor. According to one embodiment of the invention, the cooling channel can be designed as a tube. In particular, the tube can be round. The tube can, for example, have a circular or elliptical cross-section. The cooling channel can be arranged in the winding center and form a core onto which the condenser layers are wound. This can particularly mean that, during the manufacture of the condenser, the condenser layers are wound directly onto the cooling channel. The cooling channel can thus also fulfill a third function, namely that of the core. The cooling channel has a first opening and a second opening, positioned opposite each other. The cooling channel can be connected to a first cooling me