DE-102024003662-A1 - Melt spinning device for extruding filaments

DE102024003662A1DE 102024003662 A1DE102024003662 A1DE 102024003662A1DE-102024003662-A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a melt spinning device (1) for extruding filaments (F), in particular filaments made of polyamide, which releases monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds (70) during extrusion, comprising a spinning bar (2) for extruding filaments (F) into an extrusion area (5) into which the filaments are extruded, and a cooling cylinder (4) for cooling the filaments (F), which adjoins the extrusion area (5), wherein a degassing device (6) with a coupling section (62) is positioned at the extrusion area (5), which has a heating device (8) for heating the monomeric and oligomeric compounds above their condensation temperature (KT) and is in fluid-tight contact with the cooling cylinder, so that a passive airflow (72) can be directed from the cooling cylinder to and into the degassing device (60), and a degassing device (6) for collecting monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds (70).

Inventors

Martin Plückebaum
Martin Fischer
Roland Nitschke
Mark-André Herrndorf

Assignees

OERLIKON TEXTILE GMBH & CO. KG

Dates

Publication Date: 20260513
Application Date: 20241108

Claims (9)

Melt spinning device (1) for extruding filaments (F), in particular filaments made of polyamide which releases monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds (70) during extrusion, comprising a spinning beam (2) for extruding filaments (F) into an extrusion area (5) into which the filaments are extruded, and a cooling cylinder (4) for cooling the filaments (F) which adjoins the extrusion area (5), wherein a degassing device (6) with a coupling section (62) is positioned on the extrusion area (5), wherein the degassing device (6) has a heating device (8) for heating monomeric and oligomeric compounds above their condensation temperature (KT) and is in fluid-tight contact with the cooling cylinder, so that a passive airflow (72) can be directed from the cooling cylinder (4) to and into the degassing device (60).
Melt spinning device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the cooling cylinder (4) has an inlet opening (43) for supplying the filaments (F), an air-permeable air grille (41) adjacent to the inlet opening (43) and directing an active airflow (71) transversely to a filament direction (FR) and in a transverse extension direction (ER) of the cooling cylinder (43), and an outlet opening (44) arranged opposite to the inlet opening (43), wherein the passive airflow (72) can be supplied to the inlet opening (43), which is directed in the opposite direction to the filament direction (FR) of the filaments (F) and is formed by the active airflow (71).
Melt spinning device according to at least one of the preceding Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the inlet opening (43) has an inlet funnel (40) which defines a deposit inner surface (401) and an airflow deflection surface (402) for guiding the passive airflow (72) towards the extrusion area (5).
Melt spinning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet opening (44) has an outlet cylinder (42) with an air-impermeable wall, wherein the outlet cylinder (44) is surrounded by an air supply duct (48), by means of which the active airflow (72) can be guided to the inlet opening (43) by means of an air duct (46) that surrounds the cooling cylinder (4).
Melt spinning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the active airflow (72) is generated by means of an airflow conveying device which is arranged at a distance from the outlet opening (44), wherein the active airflow (72) is distributed via the air supply duct (48) towards the air duct (46), wherein the air duct (46) directs the active airflow (48) to the cooling cylinder (4) and the passive airflow (72) towards the inlet opening (43).
Degassing device (6) for collecting monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds (70) that are produced during the extrusion of polyamide filaments from a melt spinning device according to at least one of the preceding Claims 1 until 5 , wherein the outgassing device (6) has an outgassing chamber (60) with a collecting section (61) for collecting the monomeric and oligomeric compounds and a coupling section (62) for fluid-tight coupling of the outgassing device (6) to an extrusion area of a spinning beam (2), wherein the coupling section (62) has a heating device for heating, so that the monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds can be made available in the coupling section (62) above their condensation temperature.
Degassing device (6) after Claim 6 , characterized in that the heating device (81) has a sensor (31) for detecting the heating temperature of the heating device (81), wherein the detected temperature of the sensor (31) is sent to a control unit (3) of the melt spinning device (1) by means of a signal communication, so that a predetermined temperature of the heating device (81) can be controlled with the control unit (3) based on the sensor signals of the sensor (31).
Degassing device (6) according to at least one of the preceding Claims 6 or 7 , characterized in that the heating device (81) has a heating line (80) which is coupled to an electrical power source (30).
Degassing device (6) according to at least one of the preceding Claims 6 until 8 , characterized in that the power source (30) is coupled to the control of the melt spinning device (1).

Description

The invention relates to a melt spinning device for extruding filaments, in particular filaments made of polyamide which releases monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds during extrusion, and an associated outgassing device for collecting monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds. It is generally known that in nylon (PA) spinning processes, monomers are produced as a byproduct during the extrusion of filaments, which can be deposited on internal components of the melt spinning device. Since the monomer solidifies at ambient temperature and also during extrusion and is deposited on the inner wall of the cavity of the monomer extraction device, the deposit must be removed regularly so that it does not negatively affect the quality of the synthetic filaments and the health of the employees. In the prior art, a monomer extraction device includes a steam cleaning system. The steam is intended to prevent monomer deposition on the internal components of the melt spinning device. This requires additional investment and components for the steam cleaning system, such as a steam boiler or a steam generator. Furthermore, the steam may not be distributed sufficiently to all internal components, allowing monomers to accumulate there. To prevent the deposition of monomers on a monomer extraction system, it is known from the general state of the art to heat parts of the monomer extraction device. CN209741325U The system claims to feature a monomer extraction system in which a cavity within the extraction unit is heatable and has its own active extraction via a fan. However, the cavity's feed hopper is not heated, which can lead to deposits in the feed hopper and impair the effective extraction flow. Furthermore, the active suction flow generated by the monomer extraction fan can negatively affect the freshly extruded filaments and their quality. Since the suction flow acts on the filaments from one side, this can lead to one-sided and premature solidification, which can make the filaments less elastic and more prone to breakage. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a melt spinning device for extruding melt-spun filaments in which the deposition of monomers can be prevented without negatively affecting the filaments. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide an outgassing chamber for monomers that prevents or at least makes it more difficult for monomers to be deposited at their access point. The problem with regard to the melt spinning device is solved according to the invention with a melt spinning device having the features according to claim 1. According to one aspect of the invention, a melt spinning device for extruding filaments, in particular filaments made of polyamide which releases monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds during extrusion, is provided, comprising a spinning beam for extruding filaments into an extrusion area in which the filaments are extruded, and a cooling cylinder for cooling the filaments, which adjoins the extrusion area, wherein a degassing device with a coupling section is positioned at the extrusion area, wherein the degassing device has a heating device for heating monomeric and oligomeric compounds above their condensation temperature and is in fluid-tight contact with the cooling cylinder, so that a passive airflow from the cooling cylinder to and into the degassing device can be directed. The melt spinning device and its associated degassing unit enable the removal of monomeric and/or oligomeric compounds, particularly monomers, from the extrusion area of the melt spinning device. This prevents the monomers from depositing on internal components of the melt spinning device. Monomer deposits in the extrusion zone or extrusion area can lead to reduced filament quality. If the deposits become too extensive, the manufacturing process must be regularly interrupted and the affected components cleaned and/or replaced. A passive airflow is understood to be an airflow that is not directly connected to An active actuator, which interacts directly with and is connected to the outgassing unit, generates the passive airflow. This passive airflow is generated by an active air guide. Furthermore, the passive airflow is directed in the opposite direction to the filament feed direction. Without proper removal of the monomers, the melt spinning device must be regularly maintained and cleaned, with particular attention paid to removing the deposited monomers. Interrupting production can negatively impact filament quality. An interruption can prevent the polyamide or melt from being maintained at a predetermined temperature, requiring either the consumption of additional energy to heat the melt and/or the shutdown of the heating device to supply molten polyamide. Shutting down the heating device can cause the melt to solidify, potentially leading to a blockage of the melt spinning machine, necessitating extended maintenance and downtime to clear the blockage. With the melt spinning d