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DE-102024132697-A1 - Electrical assembly with an external EMC filter module

DE102024132697A1DE 102024132697 A1DE102024132697 A1DE 102024132697A1DE-102024132697-A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical assembly (1) with an electrical component (3), such as a control unit or a sensor, which can be connected to a vehicle electrical system (7), wherein the electrical component (3) can be electrically connected to the vehicle electrical system (7) via connections (11), and wherein the electrical component (3) is assigned at least one EMC filter stage (17, 19, 21) to meet requirements for the EMC emission and the EMC immunity of the electrical component (3). According to the invention, the electrical assembly (1) has an external EMC filter module (5) with respect to the electrical component (3), in which the EMC filter stage (17, 19, 21) is arranged. The electrical component (3) is electrically connected to the vehicle electrical system (7) via the external EMC filter module (5).

Inventors

  • Dietrich Bock
  • Christoph Glassl

Assignees

  • AUDI AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20241108

Claims (10)

  1. Electrical assembly (1) with an electrical component (3), such as a control unit or a sensor, which can be connected to a vehicle electrical system (7), wherein the electrical component (3) can be brought into electrical contact with the vehicle electrical system (7) via connections (11), and wherein at least one EMC filter stage (17, 19, 21) is assigned to the electrical component (3) in order to meet requirements for the EMC emission and the EMC immunity of the electrical component (3), characterized in that the electrical assembly (1) has an external EMC filter module (5) with respect to the electrical component (3), in which the EMC filter stage (17, 19, 21) is arranged, and that the electrical component (3) is electrically connected to the vehicle electrical system (7) via the external EMC filter module (5).
  2. Electrical assembly (1) according Claim 1 , characterized in that the electrical component (3) is free of EMC filter stages (17, 19, 21).
  3. Electrical assembly (1) according Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the EMC filter stage installed in the EMC filter module (5) is a passive EMC filter stage (19), and in particular that the EMC filter module (5) additionally has a high-frequency filter stage (21) and/or an active filter stage (17).
  4. Electrical assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external EMC filter module (5) has a connecting cable (13) leading to the electrical component (3), which can be connected to the terminals (11) of the electrical component (3) in particular via a plug connection, and in particular that the connecting cable (13) leading to the electrical component (3) is shielded.
  5. Electrical assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external EMC filter module (5) has a module housing (15), in particular made of metal or plastic, in which the EMC filter stage (17, 19, 21) is arranged, and in particular the module housing (15) consists of a housing lower part (25) and a housing cover (27), which together define a housing interior in which the EMC filter stage (17, 19, 21) is arranged.
  6. Electrical assembly (1) according Claim 5 , characterized in that the module housing (15) is liquid-tight, in particular with a circumferential sealing element (29) between the housing lower part (25) and the housing cover (27), and/or sealed cable passages (35) for the connecting cable (13) leading to the electrical component (3) and for the connecting cable (23) leading to the vehicle electrical system (7).
  7. Electrical assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external EMC filter module (5) is adaptable to electrical components (3) of different electrical loads depending on the load, and in particular that the adaptation takes place during the manufacture of the external EMC filter module (5), in which, depending on the load of the electrical component (3), corresponding filter electronic components (33) of the EMC filter stage (17, 19, 21) can be installed.
  8. Electrical assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the EMC filter module (5) has control electronics (37), and in particular EMC filter stages (17, 19, 21) can be activated or deactivated by means of the control electronics (37) depending on the electrical load of the electrical component (3).
  9. Electrical assembly according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the properties of at least one of the EMC filter stages (17, 19, 21), in particular the active EMC filter stage (17), can be adjusted by means of the control electronics (37), for example the filter topology, the cutoff frequency or the gain.
  10. EMC filter module (1) for an electrical assembly (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

Description

The invention relates to an electrical component according to the preamble of the claim and an EMC filter module that can be used in such a component according to claim 10. To meet requirements for EMC emissions and EMC immunity, an EMC filter stage is integrated into an electrical vehicle component, such as a control unit, a sensor, or a domain controller. Shielded electrical cables are also used in the vehicle to increase immunity and reduce interference emissions. The EMC filter stage, which usually consists of passive electrical components, dampens common-mode and differential-mode interference from the electrical component as well as common-mode and differential-mode interference from the vehicle's electrical system. Depending on its specific installation location in the vehicle, the electrical component may be located in an environment with shielded electrical cables or in an environment with unshielded electrical cables. It has been shown that the electrical component must meet higher requirements for EMC immunity and EMC emission when installed in an environment with unshielded electrical cables, compared to the electrical component installed in an environment with shielded electrical cables. Therefore, according to current technology, for each of these installation situations, the entire electrical component with its integrated EMC filter stage must be extensively adapted and must undergo appropriate testing procedures before it can be installed in the vehicle. Therefore, in the current state of the art, the EMC filter integrated into the electrical component is not usable or adaptable for other electrical components. If an electrical component designed for a shielded electrical system is used in an environment with unshielded cables, a new development of this electrical component is required to meet the requirements for EMC immunity and EMC emission. From the DE 10 2017 113 415 A1 An adapter for a power supply unit of a vehicle electrical system is known, to whose adapter housing an EMC filter is attached. From the DE 10 2016 212 029 A1 An EMC filter adapter for connectors is known, which is interposed between a component of the vehicle electrical system and a cable-side interface unit. From the US 2021/0135500 A1 This is an adaptable filter arrangement for use in inductive charging processes. The filter arrangement filters both conducted and emitted interference. The object of the invention is to provide an electrical assembly with an electrical component, such as a control unit, a sensor or a domain computer, in which an EMC filter stage can be easily adapted to the electrical component to be installed in the vehicle. The problem is solved by the features of claim 1 or 10. Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims. The invention relates to an electrical assembly comprising an electrical component, such as a control unit, a sensor, or a domain controller, which can be connected to a vehicle's electrical system. The electrical component is housed in a component enclosure and can be electrically connected to the vehicle's electrical system via terminals. At least one EMC filter stage is assigned to the electrical component to meet requirements regarding EMC emissions and EMC immunity. According to the characterizing part of claim 1, the following measures are taken to achieve easy adaptability of the EMC filter stage to the electrical component: The EMC filter stage is no longer an integral part of the electrical component, but rather a component of a filter module external to the electrical component, in which the EMC filter stage is located. Therefore, the EMC filter stage is no longer integrated into the component enclosure, but rather into the separately provided EMC filter module. In this installation position, the electrical component is therefore no longer directly connected to the vehicle's electrical system, but rather via an external EMC filter module. The external filter module can be easily adapted to any component with different loads without having to change the internal electronic components of the electrical component. In a preferred embodiment, the tunable external filter module consists of a two-part, sealed housing with integrated filter electronics. The sealed housing, made of metal (e.g., die-cast aluminum) or plastic (e.g., PBT-GF), can consist of a top and bottom surface and a plastic gasket at the interface. The top and bottom surfaces are mechanically connected, for example, by screws, adhesive bonding, or an alternative joining method. Externally routed connectors and cables are sealed. The cable between the external filter module and the load is shielded. Alternatively, the housing can be designed without a seal. In an exemplary configuration, the filter electronics consist of at least one passive filter stage, a high-frequency filter stage, and optionally a preceding active filter stage. The filter stages are implemented on one or more