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DE-102024132935-A1 - Manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells to polysaccharide and its grafting onto polymer and its yarn

DE102024132935A1DE 102024132935 A1DE102024132935 A1DE 102024132935A1DE-102024132935-A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells to polysaccharide and its grafting onto a polymer, comprising: providing an anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacterium and a cocoa shell powder; the cocoa shell powder is added to a degradation bacteria culture solution containing anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria, thereby obtaining an aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution; a degraded carbohydrate solution is obtained from the aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution; then sorbitol and citric acid are added to carry out melting at high temperature to obtain a polysaccharide powder, after which the polysaccharide powder and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) are placed in an ethanol-filled reaction vessel and an initiator is added to obtain a polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder; Finally, a mixing process with a polymer is carried out, whereby the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder is covalently bonded to the polymer. Furthermore, a masterbatch can be produced from this to obtain a yarn used to weave a fabric.

Inventors

  • Erfinder gleich Anmelder

Assignees

  • Si-Rong Chang

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20241112

Claims (10)

  1. Manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells to polysaccharide and grafting onto a polymer, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Providing anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria; Step 2: Providing cocoa shell powder; Step 3: Preparing an aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution: The cocoa shell powder is added to a degradation bacteria culture solution containing anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria, whereby the pH of the degradation bacteria culture solution is adjusted to a value between 4 and 8 during the process, whereby after a preset time the degradation of the cocoa shell powder occurs. the process is completed by anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria, resulting in an aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution; Step 4: Degradation of the aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution to polysaccharide and simultaneous grafting: The aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution is centrifuged to obtain a degraded carbohydrate solution. The carbohydrate content of the solution is adjusted to a value between 70% and 80%. Sorbitol and citric acid are then added to perform a high-temperature melt to obtain a polysaccharide powder. The polysaccharide powder and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) are then placed in an ethanol-filled reaction vessel, and an initiator is added to carry out a preset reaction. After completion of the reaction, a drying process is performed to obtain a polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder. Finally, the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder undergoes a mixing process with a polymer, resulting in the polysaccharide-grafted N-Isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder is covalently bonded to the polymer, resulting in a polysaccharide-grafted N-Isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) polymer blend.
  2. Manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells to polysaccharide and grafting onto polymer according to Claim 1 , characterized in that in step 4 the conditions for high-temperature melting are set such that the temperature is between 110 and 130 degrees and the atmospheric pressure is between 0.01 and 0.1.
  3. Manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells to polysaccharide and grafting onto polymer according to Claim 1 , characterized in that in step 4 the initiator is dibenzoyl peroxide, wherein the concentration of the initiator in ethanol is 1~8 X 10 -3 M.
  4. Manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells to polysaccharide and grafting onto polymer according to Claim 1 , characterized in that in step 4 the polymer is one of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PA6 (polyamide (NYLON)), PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer), PC (polycarbonate), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PS (polystyrene), PES (polyether styrene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PAN (polyacrylonitrile) and PA6 (nylon 6).
  5. Manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells to polysaccharide and grafting onto polymer according to Claim 1 , characterized in that in step 4 the mixing process is carried out such that the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder and the polymer are mixed and grafted by a preset masterbatch production plant, wherein the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder and the polymer are processed by the masterbatch production plant until the polymer is in a molten state, wherein in the molten state the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder is mixed and grafted with the polymer.
  6. Manufacturing process of a yarn by breaking down cocoa shells into polysaccharide and grafting it onto a polymer according to Claim 1 , which includes the following step: Spinning process: Using a preset masterbatch manufacturing plant, a masterbatch with polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) polymer blend is produced from polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) polymer blend, and subsequently a spinning process is carried out on the masterbatch to produce a textile yarn from polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) polymer blend.
  7. Manufacturing process of a yarn by breaking down cocoa shells into polysaccharide and grafting it onto a polymer according to Claim 6 , characterized in that in step 4 the conditions for high-temperature melting are set such that the temperature is between 110 and 130 degrees and the atmospheric pressure is between 0.01 and 0.1.
  8. Manufacturing process of a yarn by breaking down cocoa shells into polysaccharide and grafting it onto a polymer according to Claim 6 , characterized in that in step 4 the initiator is dibenzoyl peroxide, wherein the concentration of the initiator in ethanol is 1~8 X 10 -3 M.
  9. Manufacturing process of a yarn by breaking down cocoa shells into polysaccharide and grafting it onto a polymer according to Claim 6 , characterized in that in step 4 the polymer is one of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PA6 (polyamide (NYLON)), PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer), PC (polycarbonate), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PS (polystyrene), PES (polyether styrene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PAN (polyacrylonitrile) and PA6 (nylon 6).
  10. Manufacturing process of a yarn by breaking down cocoa shells into polysaccharide and grafting it onto a polymer according to Claim 6 , characterized in that in step 4 the mixing process is carried out such that the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder and the polymer are mixed and grafted by a preset masterbatch production plant, wherein the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder and the polymer are processed by the masterbatch production plant until the polymer is molten, wherein in the molten state the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder is mixed and grafted with the polymer.

Description

Technical field The invention relates to a manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells into polysaccharide and its grafting onto a polymer and its yarn. In particular, the cocoa shells, which are agricultural waste from the chocolate manufacturing process, are degraded into monosaccharide or polysaccharide, polymerized to polysaccharide, and covalently bonded to polymers using grafting technology. Spinning yields a yarn, thus significantly increasing the reuse rate of agricultural waste from cocoa shells. State of the art Cocoa beans are the seeds of a small tropical evergreen tree. It is primarily cultivated in the tropical regions of the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. After processing, the cocoa bean yields pulp and seeds. The remaining shell makes up 80% of the entire fruit, meaning the amount of waste is substantial. Managing this waste not only presents delicate and challenging problems for agricultural businesses but also increases their burden of disposal costs. Conventional methods of burying or burning agricultural waste lead to soil and air pollution and increase the burden of disposal costs on agricultural businesses. Therefore, the best solution today is to develop a process for utilizing cocoa shells for value-added applications and to implement the development technology for the relevant products in order to solve the problem of cocoa shell waste. For this reason, a process in which excess cocoa shells are biodegraded after the extraction of the cocoa pulp and cocoa beans to break down lignocellulose, and then polymerized to polysaccharide and covalently bonded to polymers to produce textile yarn, can significantly increase the reuse rate of agricultural waste from cocoa shells. In seawater, they can indeed achieve biodegradability. They are a plastic that is biodegradable by marine organisms, thus preventing pollution of the marine environment. Object of the invention The object of the invention is to provide a manufacturing process for the degradation of cocoa shells to polysaccharide and grafting onto polymer, comprising the following steps: 1. Provision of anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria; 2. Providing cocoa shell powder; 3. Preparation of an aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution: The cocoa shell powder is added to a degradation bacteria culture solution containing anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria, whereby the pH of the degradation bacteria culture solution is adjusted to a value between 4 and 8 during the process, whereby after a preset time the degradation of the cocoa shell powder by anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria is completed, resulting in an aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution; and 4. Degradation of the aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution to polysaccharide and simultaneous grafting: The aqueous cocoa shell degradation solution is centrifuged to obtain a degraded carbohydrate solution, the carbohydrate content of which is adjusted to a value between 70% and 80%. Sorbitol and citric acid are then added to perform high-temperature melting to obtain a polysaccharide powder. The polysaccharide powder and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) are then placed in an ethanol-filled reaction vessel, and an initiator (such as dibenzoyl peroxide) is added to carry out a predetermined reaction. After completion of the reaction, a drying process is performed to obtain a polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder. Finally, the polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder undergoes a mixing process with a polymer. The polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) powder is covalently bonded to the polymer. In the above manufacturing process of breaking down cocoa shells into polysaccharide and grafting them onto polymer, cocoa shells, which are agricultural waste from the chocolate manufacturing process, are reused. The cocoa shells are primarily broken down into monosaccharide or polysaccharide using anaerobic thermophilic lignin-degrading bacteria. Sorbitol and citric acid are then added to the mixture for melting at high temperature to polymerize it into a polysaccharide. Finally, N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) is added to covalently bond to the polymer using grafting technology. The process of degrading cocoa shells to polysaccharide and grafting it onto the polymer of the present invention is then complete. This allows the production of a masterbatch made from a polysaccharide-grafted N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) polymer (such as polypropylene PP) blend. Therefore, the reuse rate of agricultural waste from cocoa shells is significantly increased. Simultaneously, the polymer produced by the present invention, or its masterbatch, can be immersed in seawater to achieve a biodegradable effect, thus preventing pollution of the marine ecosystem and the environment. A further object of the invention is to provide a manufacturing process for yarn produced by the degradation of