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DE-102024132939-A1 - Cooling and/or heating system for a vehicle and operating procedures for a cooling and/or heating system of a vehicle

DE102024132939A1DE 102024132939 A1DE102024132939 A1DE 102024132939A1DE-102024132939-A1

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a cooling and/or heating system (100) for a vehicle, comprising: - at least one heat exchanger (110) with a primary side (PRS) and a secondary side (SES), wherein the primary side (PRS) can be supplied with a first heat transfer medium (WTM1) and the secondary side (SES) with a second heat transfer medium (WTM2) to be cooled; and - at least one control module (120A, 120B) that is set up to adjust, depending on a heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA setpoint), either a flow rate (DFL) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) through the primary side (PRS) of the at least one heat exchanger (110) or a supply temperature (VLT) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) in order to remove heat from the second heat transfer medium (WTM2).

Inventors

  • Stefan Hofmanninger
  • Lukas Bernhauser
  • Sebastian Hahn
  • Dominik Moser
  • Fisnik Sulejmani

Assignees

  • BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20241112

Claims (10)

  1. Cooling and/or heating system (100) for a vehicle, comprising: - at least one heat exchanger (110) with a primary side (PRS) and a secondary side (SES), wherein the primary side (PRS) can be supplied with a first heat transfer medium (WTM1) and the secondary side (SES) with a second heat transfer medium (WTM2) to be cooled; and - at least one control module (120A, 120B) configured to adjust, depending on a heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA setpoint), either a flow rate (DFL) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) through the primary side (PRS) of the at least one heat exchanger (110) or a supply temperature (VLT) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) in order to transfer heat from to be discharged to the second heat transfer medium (WTM2).
  2. Cooling and/or heating system (100) according to Claim 1 , wherein the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) is a coolant of a cooling circuit (102) of the cooling and/or heating system (100) and the second heat transfer medium (WTM2) is a refrigerant of a refrigeration circuit (102) of the cooling and/or heating system (100), in particular wherein the cooling and/or heating system (100) is an indirect cooling and/or heating system.
  3. Cooling and/or heating system (100) according to Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA-setpoint) relates to a heat transfer property (kA) of the at least one heat exchanger (110), in particular wherein the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA-setpoint) is a setpoint (kA-setpoint) of the heat transfer property (kA).
  4. Cooling and/or heating system (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , wherein the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA-target) includes or relates to a heat transfer coefficient, in particular wherein the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA-target) is a product of the heat transfer coefficient and an exchange surface of the at least one heat exchanger (110).
  5. Cooling and/or heating system (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , wherein the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA setpoint) depends on a flow rate of the second heat transfer medium (WTM2) through the secondary side (SES), in particular wherein the flow rate of the second heat transfer medium (WTM2) is a mass flow rate of the second heat transfer medium (WTM2).
  6. Cooling and/or heating system (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , wherein the at least one control module (120A, 120B) is configured to: - increase the flow rate (DFL) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) through the primary side (PRS) of the at least one heat exchanger (110) at least until the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA setpoint) is reached; and - reduce the supply temperature (VLT) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) when the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA setpoint) is reached.
  7. Cooling and/or heating system (100) according to Claim 6 , wherein the at least one control module (120A, 120B) is configured to: - further increase the flow rate (DFL) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) through the primary side (PRS) of the at least one heat exchanger (110) during a transition period after reaching the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA-setpoint) and to cause the reduction of the supply temperature (VLT) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1), in particular wherein the transition period is defined between reaching the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA-setpoint) and the reduction of the supply temperature (VLT) taking effect; and - reduce the flow rate (DFL) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) through the primary side (PRS) of the at least one heat exchanger (110) after the transition period, in particular to adjust a heat transfer property (kA) to a setpoint (kA-setpoint).
  8. Vehicle (10), in particular motor vehicle, comprising the cooling and/or heating system (100) according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 .
  9. Operating method (500) for a cooling and/or heating system (100) of a vehicle, comprising: - Increasing (510) the flow rate (DFL) of a first heat transfer medium (WTM1) through a primary side (PRS) of at least one heat exchanger (110) to dissipate heat from a second heat transfer medium (WTM2) to be cooled on a secondary side (SES) of the at least one heat exchanger (110); - Determining (520) whether a heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA setpoint) has been met; and - Reducing (530) the flow rate (DFL) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) through the primary side (PRS) of the at least one heat exchanger (110) and the supply temperature (VLT) of the first heat transfer medium (WTM1) when the heat transfer criterion (KRI, kA setpoint) has been met.
  10. Storage medium comprising a software program designed to run on one or more processors and thereby to perform the operating procedure (500) according to Claim 9 to execute.

Description

The present disclosure relates to a cooling and/or heating system for a vehicle, a vehicle with such a cooling and/or heating system, an operating method for a cooling and/or heating system of a vehicle, and a storage medium for executing the operating method. The present disclosure relates in particular to a transient control of a heat exchanger, such as a water-cooled condenser, in an indirect cooling and/or heating system. State of the art Electric vehicles often use so-called indirect cooling and/or heating systems. In an indirect cooling and/or heating system, heat is not exchanged with the environment, but rather via an intermediate medium, usually a secondary coolant. The indirect cooling and/or heating system typically consists of two separate circuits, generally referred to as the primary circuit and the secondary circuit. A refrigerant circulates in the primary circuit. The secondary circuit contains a coolant that exchanges heat with the primary circuit in a heat exchanger and is transported to the parts of the vehicle where cooling or heating is required – such as the high-voltage battery in electric vehicles or other components that need to be cooled or heated. To increase the heat transfer efficiency between the coolant and the refrigerant, the flow rate of the coolant through the heat exchanger can be increased, for example. However, this can lead to a saturation state of the heat exchanger, where a further increase in flow rate results in only a minimal increase in the transferred heat output. This can impair the efficiency of the heat exchanger and lead to disproportionately high energy consumption. Disclosure of the invention It is an object of the present disclosure to specify a cooling and/or heating system for a vehicle, a vehicle with such a cooling and/or heating system, an operating method for a cooling and/or heating system of a vehicle, and a storage medium for carrying out the operating method, all of which can efficiently increase the heat transfer performance between heat transfer media in a heat exchanger. In particular, it is an object of the present disclosure to improve the energy efficiency of a cooling and/or heating system. This problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims. According to an independent aspect of the present disclosure, a cooling and/or heating system for a vehicle, in particular a hybrid or electric vehicle, is specified. The cooling and/or heating system comprises: - at least one heat exchanger with a primary side and a secondary side, wherein the primary side can be supplied with a first heat transfer medium and the secondary side with a second heat transfer medium to be cooled; and - at least one control module that is set up to adjust, depending on a heat transfer criterion, either the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium through the primary side of the at least one heat exchanger or the supply temperature of the first heat transfer medium in order to remove heat from the second heat transfer medium. According to the invention, control is based on a heat transfer criterion. For example, the current heat transfer characteristic of the heat exchanger can be compared in real time with an optimal heat transfer characteristic, which is defined as the heat transfer criterion. Up to this heat transfer criterion, only the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium is increased to improve performance. If the heat dissipation is to be increased beyond the heat transfer criterion, the supply temperature of the first heat transfer medium can be lowered. This allows the heat transfer performance between the heat transfer media in the heat exchanger to be efficiently increased and the energy efficiency of the cooling and/or heating system to be improved. The at least one control module can implement software components/algorithms that are set up to run on at least one processor and thereby perform the functionalities of the at least one control module. Preferably, the cooling and/or heating system comprises at least one pump for the first heat transfer medium. This at least one pump can, for example, be a coolant pump. The at least one control module can be configured to control the at least one pump depending on the heat transfer criterion. to adjust the flow rate of the first heat transfer medium through the primary side of at least one heat exchanger. Preferably, the cooling and/or heating system comprises at least one cooling mechanism for the first heat transfer medium. This at least one cooling mechanism can, for example, include a fan. The at least one control module can be configured to control the at least one cooling mechanism, depending on the heat transfer criterion, in order to adjust the supply temperature of the first heat transfer medium. Preferably, the at least one heat exchanger is a condenser. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this and the