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DE-102024133132-A1 - Electric machine with switchable winding configuration

DE102024133132A1DE 102024133132 A1DE102024133132 A1DE 102024133132A1DE-102024133132-A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical machine that can be used flexibly in different configurations for operation with three-phase alternating current, wherein its windings (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6) are switchable in at least two configurations, one of which is a star-delta hybrid circuit.

Inventors

  • Raphael Oestreicher

Assignees

  • DR. ING. H.C. F. PORSCHE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20241113

Claims (7)

  1. Electrical machine for operation with three-phase alternating current, wherein its windings (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6) are switchable in at least two configurations, one of which is a star-delta hybrid circuit.
  2. Electric machine according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a further configuration is a star connection.
  3. Electric machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric machine is configured to automatically adjust one of the configurations depending on an operating point.
  4. Electrical machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the configurations uses at least six windings (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6).
  5. Electrical machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the windings (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6) can be switched into the respective configuration by means of at most nine switches (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9).
  6. Electrical machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the switches (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9) comprises a MOSFET.
  7. Electrical machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least three switches (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9) are interconnected at a star point (SP).

Description

The present invention relates to an electrical machine for operation with three-phase alternating current. State of the art KR 102524048 B1 reveals a dual stator machine in which the individual phases are connected in series, parallel, delta and star configurations. EP 4366155 A1 reveals an electrical machine with six winding strands which can be connected in series, parallel, star and delta configurations. DE 4431347 C Figure 2 discloses an electrical machine with three windings which can be switched between star and delta connection. JP 2001339990 A discloses an electric machine for rail vehicles with three windings which can be switched between star and delta connection. DE 102018111732 A1 discloses an electric machine for rail vehicles with three windings which can be switched between star and delta connection. EP 3175546 B1 discloses an electric machine for rail vehicles with three windings which can be switched between star and delta connection. Disclosure of the invention Depending on the driving situation, different demands are placed on the electric drives of battery-electric vehicles. In some driving situations, for example during acceleration, high power/torque is desirable. In other driving situations, for example when driving uphill, high torque is required. The efficiency of a drive system can also vary depending on the driving situation. The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electric machine whose properties can be adapted to a given driving situation. In particular, an electric machine is desirable that can efficiently provide a particularly high power output in certain driving situations. The problem is solved first by an electric machine for operation with three-phase alternating current, wherein its windings are switchable in at least two configurations, one of which is a star-delta hybrid circuit. Such an electric machine can, for example, be used as a drive system in a battery-electric vehicle. One aspect of the invention is to provide an electric machine for operation with three-phase alternating current, which is therefore fundamentally capable of providing high power and high torque. Another idea is that the windings can be switched between at least two configurations and thus operated in at least two operating modes. One of the operating modes can be a mode in which the electric machine can provide particularly high power. For this purpose, one of the configurations is a star-delta hybrid connection. Such a configuration can provide high power with an otherwise identically constructed electric machine. Another configuration can be a star connection, allowing the electric machine to deliver high torque when operating in this configuration. The electric machine can be configured to automatically adjust to one of its settings depending on an operating point. This operating point can be set, for example, by the driver of a motor vehicle equipped with an electric machine as its drive system. The operating point can also be defined, for example, by a rotational speed and/or a desired rotational speed. Alternatively or additionally, the operating point could be defined by a torque and/or a desired torque. A geographical position and/or an angle of inclination can also be taken into account. The electric machine can have at least one switch to toggle between at least two configurations. It is conceivable that the electric machine has a control system. This control system could, for example, include a microcontroller. The microcontroller could be configured to control at least one switch depending on the operating point. Particularly high performance data, especially high power or torque, can be achieved cost-effectively if at least one of the configurations utilizes at least six windings. The high number of windings allows the use of standard windings. Furthermore, the high number of windings allows for a particularly diverse configuration of the electric machine, for example, by enabling independent control of the individual windings. Even complex configurations can be set in this way. To keep manufacturing costs low, it may be provided that the windings can be switched into the respective configurations using a maximum of nine switches. At least one of the switches can include a MOSFET. In particular, at least one of the switches can be a MOSFET. Preferably, all switches are implemented using the same technology, for example, as MOSFETs. The switches can have different dimensions. Such switches, especially MOSFET switches, are readily available at low cost and can efficiently switch high power levels with a long overall service life. Furthermore, it is conceivable that at least three switches are connected together at a star point. By connecting them to a star point, different configurations can be switched, while simultaneously keeping the total number of required switches to a minimum. Depending on the configuration, the star connection can allow only low power