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DE-102024210882-A1 - Device for the desorption of carbon dioxide

DE102024210882A1DE 102024210882 A1DE102024210882 A1DE 102024210882A1DE-102024210882-A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a desorption device for the desorption of carbon dioxide from an adsorption material, comprising a vertical process section with an adsorption material inlet and an adsorption material outlet, a heating device for heating the process section, a vacuum pump arranged in a discharge line, wherein the discharge line branches off from the process section adjacent to the adsorption material inlet and draws carbon dioxide from the process section into the discharge line, a shut-off element arranged in the process section adjacent to the adsorption material outlet, and a pressurized gas source arranged to supply gas to the vertical process section at a feeder, wherein the feeder is arranged adjacent to the adsorption material outlet between the adsorption material outlet and the shut-off element, so that gas from the pressurized gas source can pass through the shut-off element.

Inventors

  • Sandra Adelung
  • Patrick Schoeffner
  • Sascha Laeutzins
  • Bernd Stuke

Assignees

  • Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20241113

Claims (13)

  1. Desorption device (1) for the desorption of carbon dioxide from an adsorption material (8), in particular free-flowing, comprising: - a process section (2) inclined to the horizontal, in particular vertical, with an adsorption material inlet (21) and an adsorption material outlet (22), - a heating device (3) for heating the process section (2), - a vacuum pump (6) arranged in a discharge line (7), wherein the discharge line (7) branches off from the process section (2), in particular adjacent to the adsorption material inlet (21), and is further configured to draw carbon dioxide from the process section (2) into the discharge line (7), - a shut-off element (4) arranged in the process section (2), in particular adjacent to the adsorption material outlet (22), and - a pressurized gas source (5) configured to supply gas into the inclined, in particular vertical, process section (2) at a feeder (50), wherein the The feed (50) is arranged in particular adjacent to the adsorption material outlet between the adsorption material outlet (22) and the shut-off element (4), so that gas from the pressurized gas source (5) can pass through the shut-off element (4).
  2. Desorption device (1) according Claim 1 , wherein the shut-off element (4), in particular a through-opening of the shut-off element (4), is adjustable.
  3. Desorption device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the shut-off element (4) is an orifice or a valve or a slide.
  4. Desorption device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a control unit (10) which is configured to control a gas flow from the pressurised gas source (5) as a function of a movement speed, in particular the flow rate of the adsorption material (8) in the process section (2).
  5. Desorption device according to Claim 4 , wherein the control unit (10) is configured to control the gas flow by means of a valve (14).
  6. Desorption device according to Claim 4 or 5 , wherein the control unit (10) is further configured to release a blockage at the shut-off element (4) by means of a pressure pulse from the pressurized gas source (5).
  7. Desorption device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pressurised gas source (5) comprises a nitrogen source.
  8. Desorption device according to one of the Claims 1 until 6 , wherein the pressurised gas source (5) comprises a carbon dioxide return device (52) which includes a return line (13) between the discharge line (7) and the supply (50).
  9. Desorption device according to Claim 8 , wherein the carbon dioxide recirculation device (52) further comprises a carbon dioxide intermediate storage unit (9).
  10. Desorption device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a measuring device (16) which is configured to determine a movement speed, in particular a flow rate of the adsorption material (8) in the process section (2).
  11. Desorption device according to Claim 10 , wherein the measuring device (16) for determining the speed of movement comprises a camera arranged on the process section (2) and/or wherein the measuring device (16) comprises a scale or a piezoelectric element or a strain gauge for determining the weight of material exiting the process section (2).
  12. Desorption device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the process section (2) comprises a trickle tower.
  13. Carbon dioxide separation device comprising an adsorption device and a desorption device according to one of the preceding claims, which are fluidically connected to each other for the circulation of the adsorption material (8).

Description

State of the art The present invention relates to a device for the desorption of carbon dioxide. To achieve climate goals, strategies for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere are also being discussed. One possible technology is the direct removal of carbon dioxide from the ambient air, also known as Direct Air Capture (DAC). The extracted carbon dioxide can then be used in other processes or stored underground in caverns. One possibility is to bind the carbon dioxide to an adsorbent such as zeolite or similar material and then separate the carbon dioxide in a desorption device. For example, the US 10,279,306 B2 A process for separating carbon dioxide. In this process, an adsorbent material is alternately exposed to carbon dioxide-containing gas and steam. However, such a system requires an expensive and complex construction. Disclosure of the invention The desorption device according to the invention for the desorption of carbon dioxide ( CO₂ ) from an adsorption material, in particular a free-flowing one, with the features of claim 1, has the advantage that continuous desorption of CO₂ is possible even under difficult conditions. In particular, according to the invention, a continuously operable process section can be provided during the desorption process. In particular, blockage or clogging in the process section can be prevented. Such blockage or clogging could completely stop the flow of the adsorption material, especially if the adsorption material has become moist and swells. The adsorption material is a solid, in particular a granular material, e.g., zeolite. According to the invention, this is achieved by the desorption device having a process section inclined relative to the horizontal, in particular a vertical section, with an inlet for the adsorption material and an outlet for the adsorption material. Furthermore, the desorption device comprises a heating device for heating the process section and a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump is arranged in a discharge line that branches off from the process section, in particular adjacent to the inlet for the adsorption material, and draws CO₂ from the process section into the discharge line. The desorption device also comprises a shut-off element, which is arranged in the process section, in particular adjacent to the outlet for the adsorption material, and a pressurized gas source. The pressurized gas source is configured to supply gas to the inclined, in particular vertical, process section at a feed point to ensure the free-flowing nature of the adsorption material. The feed point therefore opens into the process section, in particular adjacent to the outlet for the adsorption material, so that the gas supplied to the pressurized gas source via the feed point flows against the flow direction of the free-flowing adsorption material. The feed line therefore terminates between the adsorption outlet and the shut-off element. Besides preventing blockages or similar issues, the pressurized gas supplied from the pressurized gas source, which is higher than the pressure in the process section, ensures that a predetermined flow rate can be maintained in the process section towards the adsorption material outlet. The pressure in the process section is defined, in particular, by the vacuum pump and is preferably below ambient pressure. The supplied gas can also be used for additional drying of the adsorption material. The dependent claims describe preferred embodiments of the invention. Preferably, the shut-off element, in particular a through-opening of the shut-off element, is adjustable. This allows the movement speed, in particular the flow rate or velocity of the adsorption material, which flows from above from a first reservoir or the like through the process section to a second reservoir, to be adjusted. The shut-off element is preferably an adjustable orifice, a valve, or a slide gate. Alternatively, the shut-off element is fixed and non-adjustable, for example, a fixed orifice. The desorption device preferably comprises a control unit configured to control a gas flow from the pressurized gas source as a function of a movement speed, in particular the flow rate of the adsorption material in the process section. Thus, if, in particular, an adjustable shut-off element is arranged in the process section, an additional adjustment option for the flow rate of the adsorption material can be provided. Preferably, the control unit adjusts the flow rate of the adsorption material in the process section by means of an adjustable valve, which is positioned in the direction of gas flow. the pressurized gas source is located upstream of the process line. Preferably, the control unit is further configured to clear a blockage at the shut-off element by means of a pressure pulse from the pressurized gas source. The control unit can thus briefly increase the pressure to such an extent that the gas flowing in at high pressure from the pressurized gas source clears any o