DE-112025000038-T5 - HIL test procedure and system for a protective device

DE112025000038T5DE 112025000038 T5DE112025000038 T5DE 112025000038T5DE-112025000038-T5

Abstract

The present application discloses a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test method and system for a protective device in the technical field of load balancing of computer platforms, and it comprises the following: creating a simulation scenario within an HIL simulation test system; determining the minimum sampling signal required for the normal operation of the protective device under test based on the installation location of the protective device under test in the simulation scenario and creating a current transformer model capable of reproducing a transient saturation scenario; switching on the protective device under test and outputting an electrical signal through the HIL simulation test system; and simulating a fault scenario in the simulation scenario after receiving correct sampling values from the protective device, and determining, based on the current signal calculated by the model with the transient saturation properties and the logic check of the protective device, whether the tripping result corresponds to the set value and the tripping logic. The HIL test procedure for a protective device provided in the present application reproduces the actual current under non-ideal fault conditions and thoroughly tests the operating characteristics of the power plant's relay protection device.

Inventors

Yang Lei
Xinlin He
Chunli Li
Weichang Guo
Xiaoxiu Lv
Jiwen Ni
Zichao Fang

Assignees

XI'AN THERMAL POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO., LTD.

Dates

Publication Date: 20260513
Application Date: 20250519
Priority Date: 20240929

Claims (10)

A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test method for a protective device, characterized in that it comprises: creating a simulation scenario within a HIL simulation test system; determining the minimum sampling signal required for the normal operation of the protective device under test based on the installation location of the protective device under test in the simulation scenario and creating a current transformer model capable of reproducing a transient saturation scenario; switching on the protective device under test and outputting an electrical signal through the HIL simulation test system; simulating a fault scenario in the simulation scenario after receiving correct sampling values from the protective device, and determining, based on the current signal calculated by the model with the transient saturation properties and the logic check of the protective device, whether the tripping result corresponds to the setpoint and the tripping logic.
HIL test procedure for a protective device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the current transformer model includes a TP-class current transformer and a P-class current transformer.
HIL test procedure for a protective device according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the saturation properties are not taken into account for the TP class current transformer.
HIL test procedure for a protective device according to Claim 3 , characterized in that a JA transient saturation model is created for the P-class current transformer.
HIL test procedure for a protective device according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the creation of the JA transient saturation model comprises: initializing the model and setting the parameters of the P-class current transformer; calculating the differential equation of the magnetic susceptibility as an essential characteristic of the JA transient saturation model; calculating the differential equation of the excitation current; and continuously updating the output current of the P-class transformer with saturation properties on the secondary side based on the changing primary current.
HIL test procedure for a protective device according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the parameters of the P-class current transformer are the turns ratio, the equivalent iron core cross-section, include the magnetic permeability in the vacuum state, the equivalent flux linkage length of the iron core, the resistance and leakage reactance of the current transformer secondary circuit, the initial excitation current value, and the initial magnetization intensity.
HIL test procedure for a protective device according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the following is provided: connecting the current and voltage sensing channels of the protective device under test to the hardware of the HIL simulation test system and adjusting the analog AO level of the physical hardware interface card of the HIL simulation test system; feeding the current signal calculated in the HIL simulation test system into the current sensing port of the protective device via a signal output and amplification; feeding the voltage signal calculated by the ideal voltage transformer model in the HIL simulation test system into the voltage sensing port of the protective device via a signal output and amplification; feeding the trip output signal of the protective device under test back to the DI channel of the physical interface card of the HIL simulation test system.
A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation test system characterized in that it comprises: a CPU and multi-FPGA simulation test host, a host computer, a power amplifier, a protective device under test, a signal cable, a control cable, and an Ethernet cable; wherein the CPU and multi-FPGA simulation test host is designed to generate current and voltage signals in simulation scenarios and to calculate fault scenarios using simulation algorithms; wherein the host computer is connected to the CPU and multi-FPGA simulation test host via the Ethernet cable and is designed to create the fault scenarios and monitor the simulation results; wherein the power amplifier amplifies the analog signals output by the simulation host to drive the input channels of the protective device under test; wherein the signal cable connects the power amplifier to the protective device under test and transmits current and voltage signals; wherein the control cable connects the protective device under test to the simulation test host and transmits input and output signals for monitoring the operating logic of the protective device; wherein the host computer adapts the fault scenario in real time and the simulation host outputs a signal that meets the requirements to the protective device via the power amplifier for verification.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the HIL test procedure for a protective device according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 be carried out.
A computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the HIL test procedure for a protective device according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 be carried out.

Description

The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on September 29, 2024, under application number 202411374008.4 and invention title “HIL testing method and system for a protective device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated into the present application by reference. Technical area The present application relates to the technical field of load balancing of computer platforms and in particular to a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test method and system for a protective device. Background technology In power plant calibration tests of protective devices, the RMS-based steady-state flow and pressure calibration procedure is relatively mature. However, if a system fault occurs, malfunctions or failures of the protective device can still occur because the device's adjustment margins and logic checks are insufficient. This is because the simulation of the effective value chain is inadequate to reflect the actual system situation. Due to the nonlinear transition characteristics caused by the inrush current problem of the transformer core and the transition saturation problem of the current transformer, it is difficult to simulate real fault scenarios in the tripping logic of the protective device when a large amount of voltage is added to verify the protective device of conventional relay protection instruments, leading to unreliable verification results. Raising the adjustment thresholds of the relay protection settings can mitigate this problem to some extent. However, excessively high imbalance limits reduce sensitivity, so a device test system was developed that utilizes HIL and takes into account the nonlinear properties of transient saturation, thereby thoroughly testing the associated trip logic and setting value verification of the protection device and effectively ensuring the safety and reliability of the power plant protection system. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation is a new testing technology that utilizes the CPU+FPGA hardware architecture to reproduce system change processes in the microsecond or even nanosecond range. The peripheral interface device can be connected to the sampling unit of the protection device, and the entire process, from fault initiation and maintenance to fault clearance, can be simulated according to the configured program. This architecture provides a good testing platform, but the computer system modeling must also be accurate enough to reflect the characteristics of real-world fault transients before it can be simulated. Among the most common fault types in power plants are motor models, which are accepted by numerous software programs. However, components such as converters typically use ideal converters, and only an accurate characterization of the converter's transmission characteristics can increase the actual effectiveness of the tests. As a classical ferromagnetic theory, the J-A (Jiles-Atherton) theory is used to describe the magnetization properties of ferromagnetic materials. It offers a very good explanation of the phenomenon and is easy to calculate. It can be used to model the transient saturation of current transformers. Content of the invention In light of the aforementioned problems, this application has been prepared. The technical problem solved by the present application is to enable functional measurement and in-depth testing of relay protection devices in order to ensure safe and stable operation of the power grid. Existing methods for verifying flow and pressure of stationary protective devices based on RMS values do not reflect the actual system fault conditions, leading to malfunctions or failures of the protective devices, and the challenge is to accurately reproduce transient saturation properties through simulation and to optimize the tripping logic of the protective device. To solve the aforementioned technical problems, the present application offers the following technical solutions: a HIL test method for a protective device, comprising: Creating a simulation scenario within a HIL simulation test system; Determining the minimum sampling signal required for the normal operation of the protective device under test based on the installation location of the protective device under test in the simulation scenario and creating a current transformer model that is capable of reproducing a transient saturation scenario; Switching on the protective device to be tested and outputting an electrical signal by the HIL simulation test system; Simulating a fault scenario in the simulation scenario after receiving correct sample values from the protective device, and determining, based on the current signal calculated by the model with the transient saturation properties and the logic check of the protective device, whether the tripping result corresponds to the set value and the tripping logic. As an optional solution to the HIL test procedure for a protective device described in the pres