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EP-3586350-B1 - DOUBLE NOZZLE SWITCH WITH OUTER CONTACT, AND METHOD FOR SWITCHING THE DOUBLE NOZZLE SWITCH

EP3586350B1EP 3586350 B1EP3586350 B1EP 3586350B1EP-3586350-B1

Inventors

  • JÄNICKE, Lutz-Rüdiger
  • Teichmann, Jörg
  • WERNING, NILS

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20180321

Claims (11)

  1. A double-nozzle switch (1) for switching high currents in high voltage technology for a pole, with at least one first contact (2), which comprises at least one first and at least one second fixed contact piece (3, 4), with two ends opposite to one another, and at least one first movable bridging contact piece (5) via which, in the switched-on state, an electrical contact is established between the at least one first and the at least one second fixed contact piece (3, 4), wherein at least one second contact (6) is comprised, with at least one third and with at least one fourth fixed contact piece (7, 8) as well as with at least one second movable bridging contact piece (9), via which, in the switched-on state, an electrical contact is established between the at least one third and the at least one fourth fixed contact piece (7, 8), wherein the at least one first and the at least one second contact (2, 6) are electrically connected in parallel, wherein the at least one first and the at least one second fixed contact piece (3, 4) are configured in the shape of a hollow cylinder, in form of a nozzle, with inner cross sections that taper toward the ends, and that the at least one first movable bridging contact piece (5) is configured in the shape of a hollow cylinder, in form-fit, with an inner diameter which substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of the at least one first and the at least one second fixed contact piece (3, 4), and wherein the double nozzle switch (1) is configured so that, upon switching off, the at least one first movable bridging contact piece (5) of the at least one first contact (2) is moved from a second position with electrical contact between the first and second contact pieces (3, 4) via the first bridging contact piece (5) into a first position with electrical contact of the first bridging contact piece (5) with the second fixed contact piece (4) and without electrical contact with the first fixed contact piece (3), and wherein the at least one second movable bridging contact piece (9) of the at least one second contact (6) is moved from a second position with electrical contact between the third and fourth contact pieces (7, 8) via the second bridging contact piece (9) into a first position with electrical contact of the bridging contact piece (9) with the fourth fixed contact piece (8) and without electrical contact with the third fixed contact piece (7), characterized in that upon switching off, the first and second contacts (2, 6) are opened simultaneously.
  2. The double-nozzle switch (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one third and the at least one fourth fixed contact piece (7, 8) are configured in the shape of a hollow cylinder, each in form of a sliding contact guide, and that the at least one second movable bridging contact piece (9) is configured in the shape of a hollow cylinder, as a sliding contact, in form-fit, with an outer diameter which substantially corresponds to the inner diameter of the at least one third and the at least one fourth fixed contact piece (7, 8).
  3. The double-nozzle switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a compression device (10) with a stationary or movable compression piston (11) and with a movable compression cylinder (12) having a bottom (13) comprising an insulator is comprised.
  4. The double-nozzle switch (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the compression device (10) is spatially arranged in a radial direction between the at least one first and the at least one second contact (2, 6) in the switched-on state of the double-nozzle switch (1).
  5. The double-nozzle switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first contact (2) is, spatially in a radial direction, comprised by the at least one second contact (6) in the switched-on state of the double-nozzle switch (1), with respective gas spaces that are associated with the contacts (2, 6), which are fluidically separated from each other in the switched-on state of the double-nozzle switch (1).
  6. The double-nozzle switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrically insulating fluid is comprised, a liquid or a gas, SF 6 , nitrogen, dry air, carbon dioxide, a fluoroketone, or a fluoronitrile, and that the double nozzle switch (1), the contacts (2, 3) and the compression device (10) are filled with the electrically insulating fluid.
  7. The double-nozzle switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that nozzles are coated with burn-up-resistant material, Teflon, or PCTFE, or graphite at the nozzle ends, or comprise Teflon, or PCTFE, or graphite at the nozzle ends, and that contact points of contact pieces are coated with highly conductive material and have contact features, in particular contact fingers.
  8. A method for switching direct and/or alternating current in high voltage technology, using a double-nozzle switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein upon switching on, at least one first movable bridging contact piece (5) of at least one first contact (2) is moved from a first position in electrical contact with a second fixed contact piece (4) and without electrical contact with a first fixed contact piece (3), with the first bridging contact piece (5) spatially comprising the second contact piece (4), into a second position with electrical contact between the first and second contact pieces (3, 4) via the first bridging contact piece (5), with the first bridging contact piece (5) spatially at least partially comprising both the first and second contact pieces (3, 4), and wherein at least one second movable bridging contact piece (9) of at least one second contact (6) is moved from a first position in electrical contact with a fourth fixed contact piece (8) and without electrical contact with a third fixed contact piece (7), with the fourth contact piece (8) spatially at least partially comprising the bridging contact piece (9) into a second position with electrical contact between the third and fourth contact pieces (7, 8) via the second bridging contact piece (9), with the second bridging contact piece (9) being partially spatially comprised by both the third and fourth contact pieces (7, 8) respectively,.
  9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that upon switching on, the first and second contacts (2, 6) are closed simultaneously.
  10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that upon switching on, the first and second contacts (2, 6) are closed successively, in particular with an order in which the second contact (6) is closed temporally later than the first contact (2).
  11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that upon closing the first contact (2), simultaneously or subsequently, and before closing the second contact (6), a movable compression cylinder (12) is moved with its bottom (13) over the first, in particular the first and second contact pieces (3, 4) of the first contact (2), for blowing an electric arc between the first and second contact pieces (3, 4), and/or that upon opening the first contact (2), simultaneously or subsequently, and after opening the second contact (6), the movable compression cylinder (12) is moved with its bottom (13) away from the first, in particular from the first and second contact pieces (3, 4) of the first contact (2), for quenching an electric arc between the first and second contact pieces (3, 4).

Description

The invention relates to a double-nozzle switch and a method for switching high currents in high-voltage technology for one pole. The double-nozzle switch comprises at least one first contact, which includes at least one first and at least one second fixed contact piece, and at least one first movable bridging contact piece, via which, in the switched-on state, an electrical contact is established between the at least one first and the at least one second fixed contact piece. A state-of-the-art double nozzle switch for high-voltage technology is, for example, from the EP 0 830 700 B1 , the JP S55 46426 A , the EP 0 061 992 A2 and the DE 22 11 617 A1 The double-nozzle switch comprises a rated current contact with two opposing, hollow cylindrical fixed contact pieces, each of which is nozzle-shaped. To switch on the switch, a hollow cylindrical bridging contact piece is slid over the two fixed contact pieces in such a way that an electrical contact is established between the fixed contact pieces via the bridging contact piece. To switch off the switch, the hollow cylindrical bridging contact piece is retracted by at least one fixed contact piece until a sufficient distance exists to reliably break the electrical contact. The double nozzle switch further includes a compression device for extinguishing gas, in particular for SF6 . The compression device has a stationary compression piston and a movable compression cylinder. The compression cylinder includes a base which The compression cylinder is movably arranged and, when switched on, is moved such that the two fixed contact pieces and the bridging contact piece are spatially enclosed by the compression cylinder. When switched off, the compression cylinder is moved with its base such that the base is pulled away from at least one contact piece and retracted behind a gap between the fixed contact pieces, which is formed by the fixed distance between the fixed contact pieces. The base consists of and/or includes an insulator, e.g., Teflon and/or PCTFE. An arc that can occur when switching between contacts is extinguished or blown out by quenching gas flows through the hollow cylindrical fixed contacts in the nozzle shape and by the compression device. In the switched-on state, the maximum possible current through the double-nozzle switch is limited, for example, by the material of the contacts, their conductive diameter, and the electrical contact between the fixed contacts and the bridging contact. Increasing the maximum possible current without damaging the double-nozzle switch by increasing the conductive diameter of the contacts leads to an increase in the moving mass, a larger double-nozzle switch, and higher manufacturing costs. Using highly conductive materials, such as silver coatings on contacts made of copper, steel, or aluminum, to improve contact quality significantly increases manufacturing costs. Spatial and financial limitations, as well as material properties such as electrical conductivity versus mass, impose limits on increasing the maximum possible current through a double-nozzle switch. The object of the present invention is to provide a double nozzle switch and a method for switching a The aim is to specify a double-nozzle switch that enables high currents through the double-nozzle switch at high switching voltages and, in particular, at low manufacturing costs. Specifically, the task is to specify a double-nozzle switch that, compared to the prior art, exhibits an increased maximum current-carrying capacity, low moving mass during switching, low manufacturing costs, compact dimensions, and a low extinguishing gas volume. The stated problem is solved according to the invention by a double-nozzle switch for switching high currents in high-voltage technology for one pole, having the features of claim 1, and/or by a method for switching direct and/or alternating current in high-voltage technology, particularly using the double-nozzle switch described above, according to claim 8. Advantageous embodiments of the double-nozzle switch according to the invention for switching high currents in high-voltage technology for one pole, and/or of the method for switching direct and/or alternating current in high-voltage technology, particularly using the double-nozzle switch described above, are specified in the dependent claims. The subject matter of the main claims can be combined with each other and with features of the dependent claims, as well as with each other. A double-nozzle switch according to the invention for switching high currents in high-voltage technology for one pole comprises at least one first contact, which includes at least one first and at least one second fixed contact element, and at least one first movable bridging contact element, via which an electrical contact is established between the at least one first and the at least one second fixed contact element when the switch is on. The double-nozzle switch further comprises at lea