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EP-3684441-A1 - CARDIAC PUMP HAVING A TURBINE WITH INTERNAL BLADES

EP3684441A1EP 3684441 A1EP3684441 A1EP 3684441A1EP-3684441-A1

Abstract

A cardiac pump having a turbine with internal blades. The invention relates to a pump designed to circulate a fluid, comprising a housing (9), and a turbine (1) which is arranged in said housing and is designed to move rotationally relative to the housing. According to the invention, said turbine comprises: - a body (2, 8, 81, 82) designed to move rotationally, - a hollow central part (8a, 81a, 82a) which extends through the body from one side to the other and is intended to allow the fluid to pass through the turbine, and - at least one blade (4, 5, 6, 7) that is positioned on the inner wall (3) of the body, in the hollow central part, and is designed to circulate the fluid.

Inventors

  • HADDADI MOHAMMAD
  • GARRIGUE STÉPHANE
  • MASCARELL ARNAUD

Assignees

  • FINEHEART

Dates

Publication Date
20200729
Application Date
20180919
Priority Date
20180919

Claims (20)

  1. A pump for circulating fluid, which pump comprises: a housing (9), - a turbine (1) disposed in the housing and designed to perform rotational movements relative to the housing, characterized in that the turbine (1) comprises: a body (2, 8, 81, 82) designed to perform rotational movements, a hollow central portion (8a, 81a, 82a), passing through the body from one side to the other and intended for the passage of the fluid through the turbine, and at least one blade (4, 5, 6, 7) disposed on the inner wall (3) of the body, in the hollow central part, and designed to circulate the fluid, and in that the pump comprises a rod (88) disposed in the central axis of the turbine (8, 81, 82) so as to reduce fluid backs.
  2. 2. Pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (9) and the turbine (1) constitute a part of a brushless motor, or "brushless" motor, the casing having the stator function and the turbine having the rotor function.
  3. 3. Pump according to claim 2, characterized in that the housing (9) comprises stator windings (10) and the turbine comprises permanent magnets (11).
  4. 4. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rod (88) is fixed to said at least one blade (4, 5, 6, 7) or to the body (2, 8, 81, 82) of the turbine or at one end to an inlet chamber (85) which is integral with the housing (9).
  5. 5. Pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump comprises an external motor (22) to the turbine and driving the rod (88, 19) which serves as a transmission shaft (19), this transmission shaft being disposed in the axis of rotation of the turbine and securely connected by at least one stop (20) radial to the turbine.
  6. 6. Pump according to claim 5, characterized in that the transmission shaft (19) is connected to the upstream end and the downstream end of the blade.
  7. 7. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pump further comprises: an inductor (17) provided with guide vanes for rendering the fluid flow linear; this inductor being disposed upstream of the turbine with respect to the direction of circulation of the fluid; a diffuser (14) provided with diffusion vanes to make the fluid flow linear and to increase the fluid pressure; this diffuser being disposed downstream of the turbine so as to evacuate the fluid from the turbine to the outside by transforming the kinetic energy created by the turbine into potential energy; and a rectifier (15) provided with straightening vanes and an outlet orifice of diameter smaller than the inlet diameter of the straightener, the straightening vanes directing the fluid, coming from the diffuser, towards the orifice so as to increase the speed and give the fluid a predetermined profile at the outlet of the orifice.
  8. 8. Pump according to claim 7, characterized in that the pump further comprises an inlet chamber (13) provided with lateral openings (13a) so that the fluid can penetrate radially and then engage in the axis towards the 'inductor.
  9. 9. Pump according to claim 8, characterized in that the inlet chamber (13) is cylindrical in shape having on its upper part downstream of said openings, a receptacle for accommodating the inductor (17).
  10. 10. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the blade (4, 5, 6, 7) is of helical type.
  11. 11. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pump comprises a plurality of blades distributed on the inner wall (3) of said body.
  12. 12. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the blade consists of several turns with increasing winding pitch and tending to infinity.
  13. 13. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the hollow central portion (82a) of the turbine is cylindrical.
  14. 14. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the hollow central portion (8a) is flared, the most open end being disposed downstream in the direction of fluid flow.
  15. 15. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the hollow central portion (81a) of the turbine is of oblong shape, the most open end being disposed downstream in the direction of flow of the fluid. .
  16. 16. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that said body (2, 8, 81, 82) has an outer shape of the right cylinder circular section.
  17. 17. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the radial thickness of the blade is fixed or variable over the entire length between the upstream end and the downstream end of the blade.
  18. 18. Pump according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the hollow central portion (8a, 81a, 82a) and said at least one blade (4, 5, 6, 7) have a centrifugal type profile. on the upstream side, of mixed type in the central part, and of axial type on the downstream side.
  19. 19. Pump according to claim 18, characterized in that a first zone of said at least one blade is sized so that the fluid reaches a specific speed between 0 and 1.2; this first zone being on the upstream side of the blade.
  20. 20. Pump according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that a second zone of said at least one blade is dimensioned so that the fluid reaches a specific speed between 1 and 2.2; this second zone being at the level of the middle of the blade.

Description

"Heart pump equipped with a turbine with internal blades." The present invention relates to a pump for the circulation of a fluid. It finds a particularly interesting application in the field of blood flow regulation. Indeed, such a pump can be implanted in the ventricle of a heart so as to increase the blood flow and adapt it to the patient's need. Of course, special attention must be paid to the characteristics of the pump. This pump must be biocompatible and provide a minimum of comfort to the patient. The pump according to the invention can also be used outside the ventricle, in a vertical or horizontal position, connected or not to sensors. Document WO2017032510 describes a pump with a bell-shaped turbine. This turbine is equipped with several blades made on its surface. Although such a pump works with good performance, however, it has some disadvantages such as the weight and the level of stress on blood cells. The present invention relates to a new pump reducing stress on blood cells. Another object of the invention and to limit the friction inside the pump. The invention also aims to reduce the energy consumption of the pump motor. At least one of the objectives is reached with a pump designed for the circulation of a fluid, this pump comprising: - a housing, and - A turbine disposed in the housing and designed to perform rotational movements relative to the housing. According to the invention, the turbine comprises: a body designed to perform rotational movements, a hollow central part, traversing the body from one side to the other and intended for the passage of fluid through the turbine, and - At least one blade disposed on the inner wall of the body, in the hollow central portion, and adapted to circulate the fluid. - - The pump according to the invention comprises a new type of turbine which is hollow and has internal blades, that is to say directed towards the central axis of rotation. Indeed, unlike known turbines or rotors which generally have a main body with blades disposed on the outer surface, the present invention provides a hollow turbine with blades made in its inner surface. The fluid is passed through the turbine, inside, directly, in a linear flow, with a minimum of friction, Such an architecture makes it possible to reduce the weight of the turbine compared to a full turbine. With such a pump implanted in a ventricle of the heart of a patient, patient comfort is greatly improved. In addition, the power consumption is also improve because of the low weight. This results in a more compact design of the energy source and / or an improved lifetime for such a pump. As the fluid passes inside the turbine, the resistance to flow is reduced. Stress, ie, shear stress, is significantly reduced on blood cells when the fluid is blood. The blood is therefore less degraded. Advantageously, the casing and the turbine may constitute a part of a brushless motor, or "brushless" motor, the casing having the stator function and the turbine having the rotor function. Thus, a synchronous machine with permanent magnets arranged in the rotor, while stator windings (coils) would be made in the housing used as a stator. In this embodiment, the control electronics is provided is arranged to act on the coils. This embodiment consists of having an integrated motor. In an exemplary embodiment, the pump according to the invention may comprise a rod disposed in the central axis of the turbine so as to reduce the fluid backs. This rod is disposed in the center of the housing. The rod can advantageously be fixed. Although this is not a preferred embodiment, it is possible to imagine a rod in - - rotation, secured or not to the turbine, fixed or not to the intake chamber. For example, this rod can be attached to the at least one blade or the body of the turbine or at one end to an intake chamber which is integral with the housing. When the rod is attached to the intake chamber, the turbine can rotate around it. The function of this stem is to contribute to the suppression of possible reflux of blood and the prevention of the creation of vortices. According to another embodiment of the invention, the pump may comprise a motor outside the turbine and driving a transmission shaft, the latter being disposed in the axis of rotation of the turbine and securely connected by at least one radial stop to the turbine. Unlike the previous case where the engine was finally integrated, in the present embodiment, the motor is outside the turbine and comprises a shaft which drives the turbine in rotation. The shaft is firmly attached to the turbine by ridges which have a profile allowing easy passage of the fluid. Preferably, the transmission shaft can be both connected to the upstream end and the downstream end of the blade. According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the pump further comprises: an inductor equipped with guide vanes to make the flow of the fluid linear; this inductor being disposed upstream o