EP-4071308-B1 - SUCTION DEVICE FOR SEPARATING BUILDING RUBBLE AND CONSTRUCTION MACHINE COMPRISING SUCH A SUCTION DEVICE

Inventors

• Mörtlbauer, Armin

Dates

Publication Date

20260513

Application Date

20220408

Claims (3)

1. A suction device (7) for separating building rubble (1), comprising - a suction pipe (3) with a suction mouth (2) for sucking in building rubble (1), - a suction blower (4) connected to the suction pipe (3) on the suction side for generating a volume flow carrying building rubble (1), and - a receiving container (6) connected to the suction blower (4) on the pressure side for receiving sucked-in building rubble (1), wherein the suction pipe (3) delimits a flow cross-section of the volume flow flowing through the suction pipe (3), and the suction pipe (3) and the suction fan (4) are dimensioned in such a manner that an average flow velocity, which is determined by the quotient of the volume flow that is generated or can be generated by the suction blower (4) and the flow cross-section delimited by the suction pipe (3), assumes a value in the range between 10 m/s and 100 m/s, in particular between 15 m/s and 35 m/s, preferably of 25 m/s, characterized in that the suction blower (4) is equipped with crushing tools.
2. The suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving container (6) connected to the suction blower (4) is box-shaped and has filtering side walls (13) and a hinged bottom (14).
3. The suction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the suction blower (4) with vertical axle (17) is accommodated in a box-shaped ceiling (16) of a supporting frame (15), which box-shaped ceiling has means for deflecting the suction flow into the receiving container (6).

Description

The invention relates to a suction device for separating construction waste and a construction machine, in particular an excavator or wheel loader, with such a suction device. Suction dredgers or dredger vessels are known from the prior art and are designed to pneumatically convey mineral building materials or raw materials via a suction line. The blowers intended for this application are typically very powerful and can generate a considerable volume flow, thus enabling the pneumatic conveying of mineral material up to a grain size of approximately 20 cm or more. The European patent specification EP 3 283 695 B1 This describes, for example, a suction dredger in which a fan unit generates an airflow so that material can be sucked into a suction hose and transported to a separator. The fan unit is located downstream of the separator in the direction of airflow and is additionally separated from it on the suction side by a filter unit. The German utility model specification DE 20 2005 005 671 U1 concerns a A suction excavator comprising a chassis with a mounted, powered suction blower, a suction nozzle connected to the suction blower, and a container located between the suction nozzle and the suction blower for separating and collecting the suctioned material. The container is adjustable around a tilting axis running transversely to the longitudinal axis of the chassis for emptying. From the area of street cleaning, especially from DE 44 15 661 A1 , sweeper vacuum machines with roller brushes, disc brushes, suction funnel, suction pipe, fan and filter separator, to which, for example, a bunker for the temporary separation of fine dust is assigned, and a large refuse container are also known. In FR 2 789 414 A mobile maintenance machine for cleaning road gutters is described and illustrated. It features a swiveling cleaning head with a rotary milling cutter to which a suction hose is connected, allowing soil, leaves, or debris to be vacuumed into a collection container. Separation of lighter and heavier particles is not provided. A similar cleaning machine is the subject of the utility model. DE 295 08 516 U1 , which shows a mobile suction system for excavating supply channels at the roadside, wherein the suction hose is connected to a suction blower which is housed in a collection container in which a centrifugal separator and a gravity separator provide for separating the aspirated solid particles from the suction air. Out of DE 33 18 756 A1 A method and a device for collecting waste, particularly from the ballast beds of a railway track, are known, the essential feature of which is that an airflow guided over a collection container is divided into a blowing stream and a suction stream. The annular blowing airflow is guided around a suction pipe in the direction of the suction surface, where it initially slows down as a blowing air vortex and then accelerates inwards. Rotation at increasing speed stirs up waste and dirt from the suction surface and brushes or sweeps it inwards, so that the suction flow creates a floor current that vacuums the floor without residue. The closest state of the art is described DE 33 18 756 A1 A method for collecting waste using an airflow divided into blowing and suction streams, which transports waste to the center of a vortex and agitates it there. This technology aims to pick up waste from the soil layer and transport it into a collection container by creating an annular blowing air vortex that moves the waste towards the suction surface. Demolition and renovation of buildings generate construction debris that must be disposed of. Disposing of such debris as mixed waste is costly and, moreover, does not align with the principles of sustainability. Even minor conversions, extensions, or modernizations typically leave behind old ceramic tiles, plastics, wood, wall panels (e.g., made of polystyrene), painted windows and doors, concrete elements, masonry, and insulation materials such as mineral wool, rock wool, and/or glass wool, as well as other building materials. The invention is based on the objective of providing a device that is structurally much simpler than the prior art, which facilitates the separation of construction waste typically generated during construction work. This problem is solved by a suction device for separating construction waste with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. It is proposed to separate the different materials contained in the construction debris using pneumatic conveying. Essentially, it is proposed to adjust the conveying capacity of the suction blower depending on the Materials of medium density, on the other hand, are sucked in. This allows for the simple separation of the substances or materials contained in the construction debris. To separate light construction debris, such as insulation materials, from heavier construction debris, such as rubble, it is advisable t