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EP-4197829-B1 - TRAILER WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC VALVE ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC VALVE ARRANGEMENT OF THE TRAILER

EP4197829B1EP 4197829 B1EP4197829 B1EP 4197829B1EP-4197829-B1

Inventors

  • Diet, Felix
  • GERLACH, STEFFEN

Dates

Publication Date
20260506
Application Date
20221125

Claims (14)

  1. Trailer vehicle (6), comprising - a main axle (22), - a trailing axle (26), wherein the trailing axle (26) - is arranged in front of or behind the main axle (22) of the trailer vehicle (6) considered in the forward travel direction, - is arranged in a manner supported on a vehicle frame (18) of the trailer vehicle (6) via supporting bellows (34), and - is raisable or lowerable by means of at least one lift bellows (36), wherein the trailer vehicle is characterized by - an electromagnetic valve assembly (38, 38') for controlling the trailing axle (26), and - an electronic control unit (40), wherein the valve assembly (38, 38') - is controlled by the electronic control unit (40) and - is designed in such a way that - a bellows pressure in the supporting bellows (34) and a bellows pressure in the lift bellows (36) are adjustable independently of one another, and - when the power supply is switched off, the trailing axle (26) is automatically lowered toward a roadway (3) on which the trailer vehicle (6) is situated, wherein the valve assembly (38, 38') - has a first solenoid valve unit (42, 78), actuatable by the electronic control unit (40), for steplessly adjusting the bellows pressure in the supporting bellows (34) of the trailing axle (26) between an ambient pressure and a bellows pressure present in the supporting bellows (30) of the main axle (22) and - has a second solenoid valve unit (44), actuatable by the electronic control unit (40) independently of the first solenoid valve unit (42, 78), for switching the bellows pressure in the lift bellows (36) of the trailing axle (26) between the ambient pressure and a supply pressure, wherein the first solenoid valve unit (42) is designed as a 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46, 46') with a pressure inlet (48), a working outlet (50), and a vent outlet (52), wherein - the pressure inlet (48) is connected to the supporting bellows (30) of the main axle (22), - the working outlet (50) is connected to the supporting bellows (34) of the trailing axle (26), and - the vent outlet (52) is connected to a vent line (60).
  2. Trailer vehicle (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that the 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46) is designed in such a way - that in a de-energized state of the 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46), the working outlet (50) is connected to the pressure inlet (48) and is shut off from the vent outlet (52), - that in a low-energized state of the 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46), the working outlet (50) is shut off from the pressure inlet (48) and the vent outlet (52), and - that in a maximally energized state of the 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46), the working outlet (50) is connected to the vent outlet (52) and is shut off from the pressure inlet (48).
  3. Trailer vehicle (6) according to claim 1, characterized - in that the 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46') has two electromagnets (92, 94) actuatable by the control unit (40) and arranged in such a way that when the first electromagnet (92) is energized, the 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46') is switched into its venting position, in which the pressure inlet (48) is shut off and the working outlet (50) is connected to the vent outlet (52), - in that when the second electromagnet (94) is energized, the 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46') is switched into its shut-off position, and - in that when the electromagnets (92, 94) are not energized, the pressure inlet (48) and the working outlet (50) of the 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46') are connected to one another and the vent outlet (52) is closed.
  4. Trailer vehicle (6), comprising - a main axle (22), - a trailing axle (26), wherein the trailing axle (26) - is arranged in front of or behind the main axle (22) of the trailer vehicle (6) considered in the forward travel direction, - is arranged in a manner supported on a vehicle frame (18) of the trailer vehicle (6) via supporting bellows (34), and - is raisable or lowerable by means of at least one lift bellows (36), wherein the trailer vehicle is characterized by - an electromagnetic valve assembly (38, 38') for controlling the trailing axle (26), and - an electronic control unit (40), wherein the valve assembly (38, 38') - is controlled by the electronic control unit (40) and - is designed in such a way that - a bellows pressure in the supporting bellows (34) and a bellows pressure in the lift bellows (36) are adjustable independently of one another, and - when the power supply is switched off, the trailing axle (26) is automatically lowered toward a roadway (3) on which the trailer vehicle (6) is situated, wherein the valve assembly (38, 38') - has a first solenoid valve unit (42, 78), actuatable by the electronic control unit (40), for steplessly adjusting the bellows pressure in the supporting bellows (34) of the trailing axle (26) between an ambient pressure and a bellows pressure present in the supporting bellows (30) of the main axle (22) and - has a second solenoid valve unit (44), actuatable by the electronic control unit (40) independently of the first solenoid valve unit (42, 78), for switching the bellows pressure in the lift bellows (36) of the trailing axle (26) between the ambient pressure and a supply pressure, wherein the first solenoid valve unit (78) comprises an inlet valve (80), designed as a 2/2-way solenoid switching valve, with a pressure inlet (82) and a working outlet (84) and comprises an outlet valve (86), designed as a 2/2-way solenoid switching valve, with a working inlet (88) and a vent outlet (90), - wherein the pressure inlet (82) of the inlet valve (80) is connected to the supporting bellows (30) of the main axle (22), - wherein the working outlet (84) of the inlet valve (80) and the working inlet (88) of the outlet valve (86) are connected to the supporting bellows (34) of the trailing axle (26), and - wherein the vent outlet (90) of the outlet valve (86) is connected to a vent line (60).
  5. Trailer vehicle (6) according to claim 4, characterized - in that the inlet valve (80) is designed in such a way that its working outlet (84) is connected to its pressure inlet (82) in a de-energized state of the inlet valve (80) and is shut off from this pressure inlet (82) in an energized state of the inlet valve (80), and - in that the outlet valve (86) is designed in such a way that its working inlet (88) is shut off from its vent outlet (90) in a de-energized state of the outlet valve (86) and is connected to the vent outlet (90) in an energized state of the outlet valve (86).
  6. Trailer vehicle (6) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second solenoid valve unit (44) is designed as a 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64) with a pressure inlet (66), a working outlet (68), and a vent outlet (70), wherein - the pressure inlet (66) of this 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64) is connected to a supply line (74), - the working outlet (68) is connected to the lift bellows (36) of the trailing axle (26), and - the vent outlet (70) is connected to the vent line (60).
  7. Trailer vehicle (6) according to claim 6, characterized in that the 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64) is designed in such a way - that in a de-energized state of the 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64), the working outlet (68) is connected to the vent outlet (70) and is shut off from the pressure inlet (66), and - that in an energized state of the 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64), the working outlet (68) is connected to the pressure inlet (66) and is shut off from the vent outlet (70).
  8. Method for controlling the electromagnetic valve assembly (38) of the trailer vehicle (6) according to any of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 in order to carry out a lift axle operation of the trailer vehicle (6) with a raised trailing axle (26), characterized by the following method steps: A) checking whether when the trailing axle (26) is fully raised, a weight bearing on the main axle (22) and/or an additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) would be greater than a predefined weight limit value; B) if when the trailing axle (26) is fully raised, the weight bearing on the main axle (22) and/or the additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) would not be greater than the predefined weight limit value: switching the or a 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46) of the first solenoid valve unit (42) into its venting position, as a result of which the supporting bellows (30) of the main axle (22) and the supporting bellows (32) of the additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) are shut off and the supporting bellows (34) of the trailing axle (26) is vented; C) switching the or a 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64) of the second solenoid valve unit (44) into its ventilation position, as a result of which the lift bellows (36) of the trailing axle (26) is ventilated and the trailing axle (26) is raised at least until its wheels are no longer in contact with the roadway (3).
  9. Method for controlling the electromagnetic valve assembly (38) of the trailer vehicle (6) according to any of claims 1 to 7 in order to carry out a trailing axle operation with a lowered trailing axle (26), characterized by the following method steps: D) checking whether when the trailing axle (26) is fully raised, a weight bearing on the main axle (22) and/or an additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) would be greater than a predefined limit value; E) if when the trailing axle (26) is fully raised, the weight bearing on the main axle (22) and/or the additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) would be greater than the predefined limit value: switching the or a 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64) of the second solenoid valve unit (44) into its venting position, as a result of which the lift bellows (36) of the trailing axle (26) is vented and thus the wheels on the trailing axle (26) come into or maintain contact with the roadway (3); F) adjusting any pressure between the ambient pressure and a maximum pressure in the supporting bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the additional axle (24), and the trailing axle (26) of the trailer vehicle (6) by opening or closing the or a 3/3-way solenoid switching valve (46) of the first solenoid valve unit (42).
  10. Method for controlling the electromagnetic valve assembly (38') of the trailer vehicle (6) according to either of claims 4 and 5 in order to carry out a lift axle operation with a raised trailing axle (26), characterized by the following method steps: G) checking whether when the trailing axle (26) is fully raised, a weight bearing on the main axle (22) and/or an additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) would be greater than a predefined weight limit value; H) if when the trailing axle (26) is fully raised, the weight bearing on the main axle (22) and/or the additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) would not be greater than the predefined weight limit value: switching the inlet valve (80) into its shut-off position and switching the outlet valve (86) into its open position, as a result of which the supporting bellows (30) of the main axle (22) and the supporting bellows (32) of the additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) are shut off and the supporting bellows (34) of the trailing axle (26) is vented; I) switching the or a 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64) of the second solenoid valve unit (44) into its ventilation position, as a result of which the lift bellows (36) of the trailing axle (26) is ventilated and the trailing axle (26) is raised at least until its wheels are no longer in contact with the roadway (3).
  11. Method for controlling the electromagnetic valve assembly (38') of the trailer vehicle (6) according to any of claims 1 to 7 in order to carry out a trailing axle operation with a lowered trailing axle (26), characterized by the following method steps: J) checking whether when the trailing axle (26) is fully raised, a weight bearing on the main axle (22) and/or an additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) would be greater than a predefined weight limit value; K) if when the trailing axle (26) is fully raised, the weight bearing on the main axle (22) and/or the additional axle (24) of the trailer vehicle (6) would be greater than the predefined weight limit value: switching the or a 3/2-way solenoid switching valve (64) of the second solenoid valve unit (44) into its venting position, as a result of which the lift bellows (36) of the trailing axle (26) is vented and thus the wheels on the trailing axle (26) come into or maintain contact with the roadway (3); L) adjusting any pressure between the ambient pressure and a maximum pressure in the supporting bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the additional axle (24), and the trailing axle (26) of the trailer vehicle (6) by opening or closing the outlet valve (86).
  12. Method according to any of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the pressure in the supporting bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the additional axle (24), and the trailing axle (26) is adjusted on the basis of the weight bearing on the main axle and/or the additional axle, and/or on the basis of a distribution of a load weight of the trailer vehicle (6), and/or on the basis of a geometry of the trailer vehicle (6).
  13. Method according to any of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the pressure in the supporting bellows (34) of the trailing axle (26) is at most as high as the pressure in the supporting bellows (30, 32) of the main axle (22) and the additional axle (24).
  14. Method for controlling the electromagnetic valve assembly (38, 38') of the trailer vehicle (6) according to any of claims 1 to 7 in order to carry out a lift axle operation of the trailer vehicle (6) with a main axle (22), a raisable trailing axle (26), and, if present, an additional axle (24), characterized by the following method steps: M) in a plurality of venting steps, venting the supporting bellows (30, 32, 34) of the main axle (22), the trailing axle (26), and, if present, an additional axle (24) step by step; N) after each venting step: checking whether a weight acting on the respective supporting bellows (30, 32, 34) exceeds a predetermined weight limit value; O) if the weight acting on the respective supporting bellows (30, 32, 34) does not exceed the predetermined weight limit value: partially venting the supporting bellows (30, 32, 34) again in a further venting step; P) after a final venting step with the supporting bellows (34) of the trailing axle (26) almost completely emptied and if additionally the weight acting on the respective supporting bellows (30, 32, 34) does not exceed the predetermined weight limit value: ventilating the at least one lift bellows (36) of the trailing axle (26), as a result of which said axle is raised high enough that its wheels lift off the roadway (3).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein mehrachsiges Anhängefahrzeug mit einer von einem elektronischen Steuergerät steuerbaren elektromagnetischen Ventilanordnung zur Steuerung einer Schleppachse, wobei die Schleppachse an dem Anhängefahrzeug in Vorwärtsfahrtrichtung gesehen vor oder hinter einer Hauptachse angeordnet ist, über zumindest einen Tragbalg an einem Fahrzeugrahmen des Anhängefahrzeugs abgestützt angeordnet ist und mittels mindestens eines Liftbalgs anhebbar oder absenkbar ist und wobei die Ventilanordnung derart ausgebildet ist, dass ein Balgdruck in den Tragbälgen sowie ein Balgdruck in dem Liftbalg unabhängig voneinander einstellbar sind und dass die Schleppachse bei abgeschalteter Stromversorgung automatisch zur Fahrbahn abgesenkt wird. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Steuerung einer solchen Ventilanordnung. Eine Schleppachse eines Fahrzeugs kann bei einem Motorfahrzeug vor oder hinter dessen Antriebsachse angeordnet sein. Bei einem Anhängefahrzeug kann eine solche Schleppachse in Vorwärtsfahrtrichtung gesehen vor oder hinter einer nicht angetriebenen Hauptachse angeordnet sein. Wenn eine solche Schleppachse luftgefedert angeordnet ist, also über zumindest einen Tragbalg an dem Fahrzeugrahmen des betreffenden Fahrzeugs abgestützt ist, kann die an der Schleppachse wirkende Achslast durch eine Entlüftung ihrer Tragbälge reduziert und durch eine Belüftung dieser Tragbälge erhöht werden. In einem beladenen Zustand des Fahrzeugs ist ein Balgdruck in Tragbälgen einer Schleppachse normalerweise auf einen Balgdruck in Tragbälgen einer Antriebsachse beziehungsweise Hauptachse eingestellt, sodass eine Belastung durch eine Beladung und ein Eigengewicht des Fahrzeugs gleichmäßig auf alle Fahrzeugachsen verteilt ist. In einem unbeladenen Zustand des Fahrzeugs wird der Balgdruck in den Tragbälgen der Schleppachse dagegen vorteilhaft abgesenkt, um einen Reifenverschleiß insbesondere an den Rädern der Schleppachse zu reduzieren und um beim Rangieren einen kleineren Kurvenradius befahren zu können. Auch beim Anfahren unter schwierigen Traktionsbedingungen kann der Balgdruck der Schleppachse eines Motorfahrzeugs abgesenkt werden, um die Achslast an der Antriebsachse zu erhöhen und damit deren Traktion zu verbessern. Bei einem als Sattelauflieger oder Zentralachsanhänger ausgebildeten Anhängefahrzeug kann der Balgdruck in den Tragbälgen der Schleppachse des Anhängefahrzeugs zu demselben Zweck abhängig von einer Anordnung der Tragbälge der Schleppachse reduziert oder erhöht werden, um über eine erhöhte Stützlast an der Sattel- oder Anhängekupplung die Achslast der Antriebsachse des Zugfahrzeugs zu erhöhen. Aus der DE 43 17 847 B4 ist eine Ventilanordnung zur Steuerung von Balgdrücken in Tragbälgen einer luftgefederten Antriebsachse und einer luftgefederten Schleppachse eines Motorfahrzeugs bekannt. Die Ventilanordnung weist eine erste Ventileinrichtung mit zwei Magnetventilen zur Einstellung des Balgdruckes in den Tragbälgen der Antriebsachse und eine zweite Ventileinrichtung mit einem Magnetventil zur Einstellung des Balgdruckes in den Tragbälgen der Schleppachse auf. Das erste Magnetventil der ersten Ventileinrichtung ist als ein 3/2-Wege-Magnetschaltventil ausgebildet, über welches ein Ausgangsanschluss in einem unbestromten Zustand des 3/2-Wege-Magnetschaltventils mit einer Entlüftungsleitung und in einem bestromten Zustand des 3/2-Wege-Magnetschaltventils mit einer Vorratsleitung verbunden ist. Das zweite Magnetventil der ersten Ventileinrichtung ist als ein 2/2-Wege-Magnetschaltventil ausgebildet, über welches ein mit den Tragbälgen der Antriebsachse verbundener Arbeitsausgang in einem unbestromten Zustand des 2/2-Wege-Magnetschaltventils gegenüber einem mit dem Ausgangsanschluss des ersten Magnetventils verbundenen Eingangsanschluss abgesperrt sowie in einem bestromten Zustand des 2/2-Wege-Magnetschaltventils mit diesem Eingangsanschluss verbunden ist. Mittels dieser ersten Ventileinrichtung kann der Balgdruck in den Tragbälgen der Antriebsachse stufenlos zwischen einem Umgebungsdruck und einem in der Vorratsleitung anliegenden Vorratsdruck eingestellt werden. Ein Öffnen des zweiten Magnetventils bewirkt bei unbestromtem erstem Magnetventil eine Absenkung des Balgdruckes und bei bestromtem ersten Magnetventil eine Erhöhung des Balgdruckes in den Tragbälgen der Antriebsachse. Das Magnetventil der zweiten Ventileinrichtung dieser Ventilanordnung ist als ein teilweise druckgesteuertes 3/3-Wege-Magnetschaltventil ausgebildet, das einen an den Arbeitsausgang des zweiten Magnetventils der ersten Ventileinrichtung angeschlossenen Eingangsanschluss, einen an die Entlüftungsleitung angeschlossenen Entlüftungsausgang, einen an die Tragbälge der Schleppachse angeschlossenen Arbeitsausgang sowie einen über eine pneumatische Steuerleitung an den Ausgangsanschluss des ersten Magnetventils der ersten Ventileinrichtung angeschlossenen Steuereingang aufweist. Mittels dieser zweiten Ventileinrichtung kann der Balgdruck i