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EP-4375490-B1 - HEAT STORAGE AND PRESSURE STORAGE CYCLE POWER GENERATION SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF

EP4375490B1EP 4375490 B1EP4375490 B1EP 4375490B1EP-4375490-B1

Inventors

  • LIN, CHIH-SHEN

Dates

Publication Date
20260506
Application Date
20220610

Claims (13)

  1. An integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles, comprising: a heat and pressure storage unit (20), which is connected to a heat source (10), the thermal energy of the heat source (10) is transmitted to the heat and pressure storage unit (20) to enable a first working substance in the heat and pressure storage unit (20) to be heated up and pressurized into a gaseous state when released; a first power generation device (41), which receives the high-temperature and high-pressure first working substance released from the heat and pressure storage unit (20) and converts the fluid kinetic energy of the first working substance into electrical energy; a heat storage tank (40), which receives the first working substance flowing through the first power generation device and exchanges heat with the first working substance to store the thermal energy; and a cooling tank (50), which receives the first working substance from the heat storage tank (40), enables the first working substance undergoes a phase change, then transmits the first working substance to the heat and pressure storage unit (20); wherein, multiple control valves (61,62,63,64) are provided in the heat and pressure storage unit (20) wherein, the heat and pressure storage unit (20) comprises a first heat and pressure storage tank (21), a second heat and pressure storage tank (22), and a third heat and pressure storage tank (23), and the control valves (61,62,63,64) are used to control the thermal energy and the first working substance into and out of these heat and pressure storage tanks (21,22,23); wherein, two of the heat and pressure storage tanks (21,22) internally store the first working substance, and the other of the heat and pressure storage tanks (23) is an empty tank, when the first working substance is vaporized in one of the heat and pressure storage tanks (21) and flows through the first power generation device (41), the heat storage tank (40), and the cooling tank (50), and is finally stored in the empty tank (23), so that the heat and pressure storage tank that originally stored the first working substance becomes empty.
  2. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage tank (40) and/or the cooling tank (50) also contains a second working substance that is used to pressurize or depressurize the first working substance in the liquid state.
  3. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the heat storage tank (40) has multiple heat exchangers (44).
  4. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 3, wherein a multi-level temperature control valve (42) is provided between the first power generation device (41) and the heat storage tank (40).
  5. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 4, wherein a circulation return pipe (43) is provided between the first power generation device (41) and the multi-level temperature control valve (42).
  6. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage tank (40) comprises a high-temperature layer (401), an intermediate-temperature layer (402), and a low-temperature layer (403).
  7. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 1, wherein at least one heater (46) is provided within the heat storage tank (40).
  8. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 1, wherein at least one working substance adjusting device (70) is also provided between the heat and pressure storage unit (20) and the first power generation device (41) or the cooling tank (50).
  9. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a water tower (30) is also provided between the heat storage tank (40) and the cooling tank (50).
  10. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 9, wherein a second power generation device (31) is provided between the water tower (30) and the cooling tank.
  11. The integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 10, wherein an airbag (32) is provided in the water tower (30).
  12. A method of controlling an integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles, comprising the following steps of: (A) receiving a thermal energy from a heat source (10) to enable a first working substance in a heat and pressure storage unit (20) to reach working pressure and temperature, which enables the first working substance to be converted into a vaporized first working substance, and controlling the flow of the vaporized first working substance through a first power generation device (41) to reach a heat storage tank (40), and utilizing a fluid kinetic energy of the vaporized first working substance to drive the first power generation device (41) for power generation; (B) after the vaporized first working substance in the heat storage tank (40) undergoes heat exchange, the vaporized first working substance proceeds to a cooling tank (50) for condensation and reverts to the liquid first working substance, which is then directed back to the heat and pressure storage unit (20); (C) turning off the heat and pressure storage unit (20); and (D) repeating steps (A) to (C) at least once to complete a thermal energy and pressure storage power generation cycle; wherein, the heat and pressure storage unit (20) comprises a first heat and pressure storage tank (21), a second heat and pressure storage tank (22), and a third heat and pressure storage tank (23), and step (A) further comprises steps of: (A1) turning on and switching a heat inlet control valve (61) and a heat outlet control valve (62) to the first heat and pressure storage tank (21); (A2) receiving the thermal energy from the heat source (10) in the first heat and pressure storage tank (21), when the first working substance in the first heat and pressure storage tank (21) reaches the working pressure and temperature that allows the first working substance to reach a vaporization working condition, turning on and switching a first working substance outlet control valve (63) to the first heat and pressure storage tank (21), and turning on and switching a first working substance return port control valve (64) to the third heat and pressure storage tank (23), so that the vaporized first working substance flows through the first power generation device (41), and utilizing the fluid kinetic energy of the vaporized first working substance to drive the first power generation device (41); and (A3) switching the heat inlet control valve (61) and the heat outlet control valve (62) to the second heat and pressure storage tank (22).
  13. The method of controlling the integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles according to claim 12, wherein step (B) further comprises the steps of: (B1) enabling the vaporized first working substance to flow into a water tower after flowing through the heat storage tank (40), expanding an airbag (32) in the water tower (30), driving a liquid originally stored in the water tower (30) to flow out, and utilizing a fluid kinetic energy of the liquid to drive a second power generation device (31) to perform a first power generation; and (B2) when the first working substance condenses and returns to the liquid state, the airbag (32) is contracted and the liquid is returned to the water tower (30) while the second power generation device (31) is driven to perform a second power generation.

Description

FIELD OF INVENTION The present disclosure relates to an integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles for converting thermal energy into electrical energy. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Taiwan Patent Publication No. TW202037860, filed by the applicant, discloses a heat pipe electric water heater comprising: at least one heat pipe for providing fluid pipelines, heat conduction, and combination with other devices for a working substance. At least one first power generation device is provided between the fluid pipelines of the heat pipe to convert the fluid kinetic energy of the working substance into electrical energy. At least one heat and pressure storage unit is used to carry out heat exchange with a heat-conductive section of the heat pipe and to store the thermal energy for supplying hot water. Prior art utilizes solar energy, waste heat from electrical appliances, or small temperature differences to generate and store heat. However, the original structural design of the heat pipe is limited in terms of the pressure it can withstand, thus limiting the choice of working substances as well as the efficiency of power generation. Further power generation system are known from patent application publications US 8931277 B2. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The system according to the invention is described in claim 1 and the method according to the invention is described in claim 12. The technical problem to be solved in this invention is to provide an integrated power generation system with thermal energy and pressure storage cycles, comprising a heat and pressure storage unit connected to a heat source, the thermal energy of the heat source is transmitted to the heat and pressure storage unit to enable a first working substance in the heat and pressure storage unit to be heated up and pressurized into a gaseous state; a first power generation device receives the high-temperature and high-pressure first working substance released from the heat and pressure storage unit and converts the fluid kinetic energy of the first working substance into electrical energy; a heat storage tank receives the first working substance flowing through the first power generation device and stores the thermal energy generated during the heat exchange of the first working substance; and a cooling tank receives the first working substance from the heat storage tank , enables the first working substance to undergo a phase change and then transmits the first working substance to the heat and pressure storage unit to complete a cycle. Wherein, the inside of the heat storage tank has multiple heat exchangers, which are used to increase the surface area and accelerate the heat exchange rate, and allow the first working substance to flow in for heat exchange. The heat storage tank contains a high-temperature layer, an intermediate-temperature layer, and a low-temperature layer. These layers act as effective insulation, reducing thermal diffusion and maintaining high temperatures within the high-temperature layer. Simultaneously, the first working substance in the heat storage tank undergoes heat exchange, flows to the cooling tank, and then returns to the heat and pressure storage unit. Wherein, there is also a second working substance that is used to pressurize or depressurize the first working substance in the liquid state, i.e., the pressure generated by the second working substance is used to control the temperature point at which the first working substance undergoes the phase change. Preferably, a multi-level temperature control valve is provided between the first power generation device and the heat storage tank. When the first working substance flows through the first power generation device to generate electricity and then flows through the multi-level temperature control valve, which controls the flow of the first working substance into the high-temperature layer or the intermediate-layer and the low-temperature layer for heat exchange based on the residual heat temperature of the first working substance after the generation of electricity, thus maintaining the temperature of the high-temperature layer for the benefit of maintaining the energy storage and for the benefit of nighttime power generation. Preferably, a circulation return pipe is also provided between the first power generation device and the multi-level temperature control valve, which facilitates continuous operation of the first power generation device with flywheel blades. Preferably, a heater is also provided in the heat storage tank to utilize the lower-priced off-peak power or excess green power to conduct a high-temperature heat storage, and the stored thermal energy is used to generate electricity during the higher-priced on-peak hours to balance the electric grid and achieve profitability. Wherein, the heat and pressure storage unit is also provided with multiple control valves, namely a heat inlet control valve, a heat outlet con