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EP-4379922-B1 - BATTERY, AND ELECTRIC DEVICE

EP4379922B1EP 4379922 B1EP4379922 B1EP 4379922B1EP-4379922-B1

Inventors

  • KE, Jianhuang
  • CHEN, XIAOBO
  • LI, YAO

Dates

Publication Date
20260506
Application Date
20220623

Claims (12)

  1. A battery, comprising: a box body (11), including an electrical cavity (11a); a battery cell (20), accommodated in the electrical cavity (11a), a first wall (21a) of the battery cell (20) being provided with a pressure relief mechanism (213); and a first passage (15) and a second passage (16), the first passage (15) and the second passage (16) being configured to be able to communicate with the inside of the battery cell (20) through the pressure relief mechanism (213) when the pressure relief mechanism (213) is actuated; wherein the first passage (15) is used to discharge the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism (213) into the electrical cavity (11a), and the second passage (16) is used to discharge the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism (213) out of the electrical cavity (11a); wherein the electrical cavity (11a) comprises a second wall (11c), and the first wall (21a) faces the second wall (11c); and wherein the battery further comprises: a connecting structure (151), the connecting structure (151) being arranged between the first wall (21a) and the second wall (11c), and the connecting structure (151) being used to form at least part of the first passage (15); wherein the connecting structure (151) is provided with an avoidance region (1512) corresponding to the pressure relief mechanism (213), and the avoidance region (1512) is used to provide a deformation space for the pressure relief mechanism (213) upon actuation, and wherein the avoidance region (1512) corresponds to at least two pressure relief mechanisms (213).
  2. The battery according to claim 1, wherein a first space (152) is provided between the second wall (11c) and the first wall (21a), and the first passage (15) includes the first space (152).
  3. The battery according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the connecting structure (151) is provided with a first flow channel (1511), and the first passage (15) includes the first flow channel (1511).
  4. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting structure (151) is configured to be damaged when the pressure relief mechanism (213) is actuated, so that a second space is formed between the first wall (21a) and the second wall (11c), and the first passage (15) includes the second space; and, wherein preferably, the connecting structure (151) comprises a melting layer arranged between the first wall (21a) and the second wall (11c), the melting layer is configured to be melted when the pressure relief mechanism (213) is actuated, so that the second space is formed between the first wall (21a) and the second wall (11c); and, wherein more preferably, the thickness of the melting layer is 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
  5. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connecting structure (151) further comprises: a blocking structure (1513), arranged between the first wall (21a) and the second wall (11c) and around the pressure relief mechanism (213), the blocking structure (1513) being used to block the emissions discharged through the pressure relief mechanism (213) from reaching the electrode terminal (214) of the battery cell (20), and preferably, wherein the electrode terminal (214) is located on a third wall (21b) of the battery cell (20), the third wall (21b) intersects with the first wall (21a), and the blocking structure (1513) is arranged on a side of the pressure relief mechanism (213) close to the electrode terminal (214).
  6. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connecting structure (151) includes a thermal pad and/or a sealing pad arranged between the first wall (21a) and the second wall (11c).
  7. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the battery comprises: a battery cell assembly (201); the battery cell assembly (201) includes a plurality of battery cells (20) arranged along a first direction, the electric cavity (11a) includes a fourth wall (11d) intersecting with the second wall (11c), a third space is provided between an end face (2011) of the battery cell assembly (201) facing the fourth wall (11d) and the fourth wall (11d), and the first passage (15) includes the third space, and preferably, wherein the battery further comprises: a first spacing structure (153), arranged between the end face (2011) and the fourth wall (11d), the first spacing structure (153) being used to form at least part of the first passage (15), more preferably, wherein the first spacing structure (153) is provided with a second flow channel (1531), and the first passage (15) includes the second flow channel (1531).
  8. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the battery further comprises: a second spacing structure (154), arranged between two adjacent battery cells (20), the second spacing structure (154) being used to form at least part of the first passage (15), and preferably, wherein the second spacing structure (154) is configured to be damaged when the pressure relief mechanism (213) is actuated, so that a fourth space is formed between the two battery cells (20), and the first passage (15) includes the fourth space.
  9. The battery according to claim 8, wherein the second spacing structure (154) is provided with a third flow channel (1543), and the first passage (15) includes the third flow channel (1543).
  10. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the second wall (11c) is provided with a pressure relief region (114) corresponding to the pressure relief mechanism (213), and the pressure relief region (114) is used to form at least part of the second passage (16) , and preferably, wherein the pressure relief region (114) is a through hole penetrating through the second wall (11c) in a direction perpendicular to the first wall (21a).
  11. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the box body (11) further comprises: a collection cavity (11b), used for collecting the emissions discharged through the second passage (16) when the pressure relief mechanism (213) is actuated; and wherein preferably, the battery further comprises: an isolation component, configured to isolate the electrical cavity (11a) and the collection cavity (11b).
  12. An electrical device, comprising: the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the battery is configured to provide electric energy for the electrical device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery as specified in any one of claims 1-11 and an electrical device as specified in claim 12. BACKGROUND With the continuous advancement of battery technology, various new energy industries using batteries as energy storage devices have developed rapidly. In the development of the battery technologies, safety is also a non-negligible issue in addition to improvement of performance of the batteries. If the safety of the battery cannot be guaranteed, the battery cannot be used. Therefore, how to enhance the safety of the batteries is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the battery technologies. WO 2019/005502 A1 discloses electrochemical cell housings. US 2022/013849 A1 discloses a battery and its related device, preparation method and preparation equipment. DE 10 2013 216071 discloses a galvanic system comprising a plurality of galvanic cells and a degassing device for discharging a fluid escaping from one or more of the galvanic cells. US 2022/059901 A1 discloses a battery tray and a power battery pack. US 2022/123423 A1 discloses a battery pack including battery cell accommodated in a first box body and including an explosion-proof valve, where the explosion-proof valve faces towards a baffle plate, which is connected to a cross beam and sealing an exhaust vent. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present application provide a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the safety of batteries. The invention is defined by the appended claims. In a first aspect, provided is a battery, comprising: a box body including an electrical cavity; a battery cell accommodated in the electrical cavity, and provided with a pressure relief mechanism on a first wall of the battery cell; a first passage and a second passage, configured to be able to communicate with the inside of the battery cell through the pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, wherein the first passage is used to discharge the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism into the electrical cavity, and the second passage is used to discharge the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism out of the electrical cavity. The electrical cavity includes a second wall, and the first wall faces the second wall. The battery further comprises: a connecting structure, the connection structure is arranged between the first wall and the second wall, and the connecting structure is used to form at least part of the first passage. The connecting structure is provided with an avoidance region corresponding to the pressure relief mechanism, and the avoidance region is used to provide a deformation space for the pressure relief mechanism when it is actuated; and the avoidance region corresponds to at least two pressure relief mechanisms. When thermal runaway or other abnormal conditions occur in the battery cell, the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions generated inside the battery cell is discharged toward the direction where the battery cell is equipped with the pressure relief mechanism. Such emissions are usually very powerful and destructive, and if only one passage is provided, the emissions are likely to break through one or more structures on or around the passage, causing further safety issues. Therefore, for the battery of the embodiments of the present application, the box body of the battery includes an electrical cavity, and the battery further includes a first passage and a second passage; wherein the electrical cavity is used to accommodate a battery cell, and a first wall of the battery cell is provided with a pressure relief mechanism, the first passage is used to discharge the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism into the electrical cavity, and the second passage is used to discharge the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism out of the electrical cavity. That is, the emissions discharged through the pressure relief mechanism can be discharged through two passages simultaneously, which can speed up the discharge and reduce the risk of explosion of the battery. In this way, the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell faces the wall of the electrical cavity instead of facing other battery cells, so that it is convenient to arrange an avoidance structure on the wall of the electrical cavity to provide a deformation avoidance space for the pressure relief mechanism, which can improve the space utilization of the battery, and can also reduce the risk of thermal runaway of other battery cells caused by the battery cell with thermal runaway and improve the safety of the battery. In some embodiments, a first space is provided between the second wall and the first wall, and the first passage includes the first space. The first passage is realized through the first space. On the one hand, it is easy to realize, and there