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EP-4660528-B1 - LINING SYSTEM

EP4660528B1EP 4660528 B1EP4660528 B1EP 4660528B1EP-4660528-B1

Inventors

  • KLIMA, ALEXANDER
  • Khoury, Karam
  • Schlosser, Heike

Dates

Publication Date
20260513
Application Date
20240603

Claims (12)

  1. A lining system (1) for a tube wall (2) of an incinerator, wherein the lining system (1) comprises at least one refractory tile (3) having a front surface (3a) and a back surface (3b), and wherein the lining system (1) comprises at least one horizontal rail (5), wherein the at least one horizontal rail (5) is connectable to the tube wall (2) on at least two connection points, wherein the at least one refractory tile (3) is provided with an horizontal channel (4) at the back surface (3b), the horizontal channel (4) being configured to be hinged into the at least one horizontal rail (5) to assemble the lining system (1), characterized in that at least one holder (6) per connection point is provided, the at least one holder (6) per connection point being connectable to the tube wall (2), wherein the at least one horizontal rail (5) is connectable to the at least one holder (6) per connection point, preferably in a formed-fit way.
  2. A lining system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper inner surface (4a) of the horizontal channel (4) is inclined at an upward angle of between 10 and 80 degrees, more preferably of between 30 and 60 degrees, in respect to a direction perpendicular to the back surface (3b) of the refractory tile (3).
  3. Lining system (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one horizontal rail (5) comprises a connecting component (51) and a hinging component (52), the hinging component (52) having an upper outer surface (52a) and a lower outer surface (52b), the connecting component (51) comprising the at least two connecting points.
  4. Lining system (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper outer surface (52a) of the hinging component (52) is inclined at an upward angle of between 10 and 80 degrees, more preferably of between 30 and 60 degrees, in respect to a direction perpendicular to the connecting component (51) of the at least one horizontal rail (5).
  5. Lining system (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the hinging component (52) of the at least one horizontal rail (5) is extending from the connecting component (51) towards the back surface (3b) of the at least one refractory tile (3) for a minimum of 10 mm (0,01 m) and/or to a maximum of 90% of the total thickness of the refractory tile.
  6. Lining system (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the connecting component (51) of the at least one horizontal rail (5) comprises a horizontal leg (53).
  7. Lining system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one refractory tile (3) comprises a knob (31) on its back surface (3b).
  8. Lining system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one refractory tile (3) is fixed to the at least one horizontal rail (5) by adding a refractory castable.
  9. Lining system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the lining system (1) comprises a plurality of refractory tiles (3), the plurality of refractory tiles (3) having a front surface (3a) and a back surface (3b) and being provided with a horizontal channel (4) at the back surface (3b), the horizontal channels (4) being configured to be hinged into the at least one horizontal rail (5) to assemble the lining system (1).
  10. Lining system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the lining system (1) comprises at plurality of refractory tiles (3) having a front surface (3a) and a back surface (3b), in that the lining system (1) comprises a plurality of horizontal rails (5), wherein each of the plurality horizontal rails (5) is connectable to the tube wall (2) on at least two connection points, wherein the plurality of refractory tiles (3) is provided with a horizontal channel (4) at the back surface (3b), the horizontal channels (4) being configured to be hinged into the plurality of horizontal rails (5) to assemble the lining system (1), wherein at least one refractory tile (3) is hinged into each of the plurality of horizontal rails (5).
  11. Incinerator wall (2), preferably a tube wall (2) of an incinerator wall (2), comprising a lining system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the at least one horizontal rail (5) is connected to the at least one holder (6) per connection point and the at least one holder (6) per connection point is connected to the incinerator wall (2) or the tube wall (2) on the at least two connection points, wherein the at least one refractory tile (3) is hinged into the at least one horizontal rail (5) via the horizontal channel (4).
  12. Method of lining an incinerator wall (2), preferably a tube wall (2) of an incinerator wall (2), comprising the steps: a. Providing an incinerator wall (2) or a tube wall (2) of an incinerator wall (2); b. Providing a lining system (1) according to any one of claim 1 to 10; c. Connecting the at least one horizontal rail (5) of the lining system (1) to the at least one holder (6) per connection point and connecting the at least one holder (6) per connection point to the incinerator wall (2) or the tube wall (2) on the at least two connection points; d. Hinging the at least one refractory tile (3) of the lining system (1) into the at least one horizontal rail (5) via the horizontal channel (4).

Description

The current disclosure relates to a lining system for a tube wall of an incinerator, an incinerator wall, a refractory tile for a lining system and a method of lining an incinerator wall. Incinerators are furnaces intended for burning different types of material, e.g., waste, at elevated temperatures in a combustion chamber. There are several types of incinerators, e.g., rotary kiln, fluidized bed, moving grate, multiple hearth, liquid injection, catalytic combustion, waste gas flare or fixed grate incinerators. Incinerators can comprise a tube wall, also known as membrane wall or waterwall, comprising individual tubes welded together. The tube wall forms a barrier to avoid leakage of fluid or gases from the incinerator combustion chamber as well as to provide heat-transfer to convert the water running inside the tubes to steam which can afterward be used for electricity generation. In operation, incinerator combustion chambers are exposed to elevated temperatures, mechanical erosion by waste and dust, oxidizing/reducing or alternating atmospheres and/or chemical attack by corrosive gaseous combustion products, e.g., O2, CO2, SO2, HCl or HF. For this reason, combustion chambers in general and the comprised tube walls in particular are commonly lined with refractory materials on their inside to prevent corrosion and/or cracking of the metal parts, e.g., by flue gases and elevated temperatures. The lining can be formed of shaped bodies of refractory material, e.g., refractory tiles, which are arranged close to each other to form a protection wall for the metal parts of the tube wall of the incinerator. Refractory tiles are usually lined on the tube wall of an incinerator by using an individual attachment, e.g., hook, stud, anchor etc., per each refractory tile. WO 2015/187007 A1 discloses refractory tiles having a vertical T-shaped channel and a tube wall comprising T-shaped anchors. The tiles are mounted on the tube wall by sliding said channel into said anchors from above. Thus, the tiles are fixated horizontally by interconnection of the anchors and the channels. Horizontal metal plates between each line of tiles are used for vertical fixation, wherein also fixation plates are used at every tile edge. However, using these state-of-the-art systems, lining of the tube wall can be complex and time consuming. DE 196 38 711 A1 discloses a lining system for an incinerator, which uses hooks in the shape of angle irons for the connection of tiles to the wall. US 2 075 602 A discloses a furnace wall structure comprising an outer supporting framework arranged to sectionally support an inner furnace wall comprising blocks of refractory material. Each block is connected to the wall by being hung on the wall's beam by using grooves. It is an object of the current disclosure to provide a more stable and reliable lining system for a tube wall of an incinerator. This object has been achieved by the lining system as defined in claim 1. The horizontal rail can comprise metal, preferably steel. A refractory tile can be any tile usually used for the lining of a tube wall of an incinerator. The refractory tile can be produced by using different refractory raw materials and by several methods. It can have various shapes and thicknesses. Preferably, the refractory tile has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, such as, e.g., a rectangular cuboid or a right parallelogrammical prism, facilitating the lining of the tube wall. The refractory tile comprises two main surfaces, a front surface, and a back surface. When the lining system is mounted on the tube wall of an incinerator, the front surface faces the combustion chamber of the incinerator and is therefore in contact with flue gases and elevated temperatures, while the back surface faces the tube wall of the incinerator. The refractory tile comprises a horizontal channel on its back surface. "Horizontal" is used in the present disclosure to indicate the direction at least generally, preferably exactly, parallel to or in the plane of the horizon. Preferably, the refractory tile is lined in a way that two parallel edges of the back surface of the refractory tile are also oriented horizontally when the refractory tile is lined on the tube wall, allowing an easier and faster lining of the tube wall of the incinerator. To have a more stable lining of the tube wall, it is preferred to have a refractory tile with less or no freedom of vertical movement. A refractory tile being mounted to a tube wall by a single anchor according to the prior art leads to instability of the refractory tile as it might wiggle or rotate around this anchor, or it might lead to a very rigid system where no movement is possible. The lining system according to the current disclosure is structurally more stable as there is a stable horizontal connection between the refractory tile and the horizontal rail due to the horizontal channel, leading to less freedom of vertical movement. As the at least one refra